我有一个Ascii（.asc）格式的文件，其中包含纬度和经度信息以及某个区域的深度。 我想以3D形式显示地图，但我不知道该怎么做！ 请帮助我
我正在设计3D环境，但我不知道如何在此环境中设计针对区域的信息
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
namespace TerrainGeneratorTutorial0._1
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private Device device = null;
private VertexBuffer vb = null;
private IndexBuffer ib = null;
private const int terWidth = 64;
private const int terLength = 64;
private float moveSpeed = 0.2f;
private float turnSpeed = 0.02f;
private float rotY = 0; // between 0 and 2*Math.PI (=360°)
private float tempY = 0;
private const float raiseConst = 0.05f;
private float rotXZ = 0;
private float tempXZ = 0;
private static int vertCount = terWidth * terLength; //amount of vertices
private static int indCount = (terWidth - 1) * (terLength - 1) * 6; //amount of indices
private Vector3 camPosition, camLookAt, camUp;
CustomVertex.PositionColored[] verts = null; //our vertices here can only store position and color information
bool isMiddleMouseDown = false;
bool isLeftMouseDown = false;
private static int[] indices = null;
private FillMode fillMode = FillMode.WireFrame;
private Color backgroundColor = Color.Black;
private bool invalidating = true;
private Bitmap heightmap = null;
public Form1()
{
this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint | ControlStyles.Opaque, true); //this needs to be set so the invalidate() function in the paint event works properly
InitializeComponent();
InitializeGraphics();
InitializeEventHandler();
}
private void InitializeGraphics()
{
PresentParameters pp = new PresentParameters();
pp.Windowed = true;
pp.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard; //just how the stuff should be moved from the backbuffer to the front buffer
pp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;
pp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16;
device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.HardwareVertexProcessing, pp);
GenerateVertex();
GenerateIndex();
vb = new VertexBuffer(typeof(CustomVertex.PositionColored), vertCount, device, Usage.Dynamic | Usage.WriteOnly, CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format, Pool.Default);
OnVertexBufferCreate(vb, null);
ib = new IndexBuffer(typeof(int), indCount, device, Usage.WriteOnly, Pool.Default);
OnIndexBufferCreate(ib, null);
//Initial Camera position
camPosition = new Vector3(terLength/2, 4.5f, -3.5f);
camUp = new Vector3(0, 1, 0); // the cameras up is looking actually up on the Y axis e.g. (0,-1,0) would turn the camera upside down
}
private void InitializeEventHandler()
{
vb.Created += new EventHandler(OnVertexBufferCreate);
ib.Created += new EventHandler(OnIndexBufferCreate);
this.KeyDown += new KeyEventHandler(OnKeyDown);
this.MouseWheel += new MouseEventHandler(OnMouseScroll);
this.MouseMove += new MouseEventHandler(OnMouseMove);
this.MouseDown += new MouseEventHandler(OnMouseDown);
this.MouseUp += new MouseEventHandler(OnMouseUp);
}
private void OnIndexBufferCreate(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
IndexBuffer buffer = (IndexBuffer)sender;
buffer.SetData(indices, 0, LockFlags.None); //puts all indices from the int array into the index buffer
}
private void OnVertexBufferCreate(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
VertexBuffer buffer = (VertexBuffer)sender;
buffer.SetData(verts, 0, LockFlags.None); //puts all vertices from the vertex array into the vertex buffer
}
private void SetupCamera()
{
camLookAt.X = (float)Math.Sin(rotY) + camPosition.X + (float)(Math.Sin(rotXZ) * Math.Sin(rotY)); //
camLookAt.Y = (float) Math.Sin(rotXZ) + camPosition.Y; // Bind the camera lookAt somehow with the camera position, so once we move around we also move the lookAt
camLookAt.Z = (float)Math.Cos(rotY) + camPosition.Z + (float)(Math.Sin(rotXZ) * Math.Cos(rotY)); //
device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 4, this.Width / this.Height, 1.0f, 1000.0f); //sets the perspective and the field of view of the camer
device.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtLH(camPosition, camLookAt, camUp); //sets the position, the lookat and the up vector of the camera
device.RenderState.Lighting = false;
device.RenderState.CullMode = Cull.CounterClockwise; //sets which site of the triangles should be shown
device.RenderState.FillMode = fillMode; //this sets the mode so we can actually see the triangle construct of the terrain
}
private void Form1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) //here is the drawing loop
{
device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, backgroundColor, 1, 0);
SetupCamera();
device.BeginScene();
device.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format;
device.SetStreamSource(0, vb, 0); //tells the device where to receive the vertex information from
device.Indices = ib; //tells the device where to receive the index information from
device.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, vertCount, 0, indCount / 3); //draws the triangles depending on the style we set it using the information from indices
device.EndScene();
device.Present();
menuStrip1.Update();
if (invalidating)
{
this.Invalidate();//this makes the form redraw itself over and over so that we have some kind of a loop
}
}
private void GenerateVertex()
{
verts = new CustomVertex.PositionColored[vertCount];
int k = 0;
for (int z = 0; z < terWidth; z++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < terLength; x++)
{
verts[k].Position = new Vector3(x, 0, z);
verts[k].Color = Color.White.ToArgb();
k++;
}
}
}
private void GenerateIndex() // Generating all the indices vor the Index buffer (Her we tell how to connect the vertices to creat triangles)
{
indices = new int[indCount];
int k = 0;
int l = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < indCount; i += 6)
{
indices[i] = k; //
indices[i + 1] = k + terLength; // left triangle of the square
indices[i + 2] = k + terLength + 1; //
indices[i + 3] = k; //
indices[i + 4] = k + terLength + 1; // right triangle of the square
indices[i + 5] = k + 1; //
k++;
l++;
if (l == terLength - 1) //once one line of rectangles is created and the end of the line is beeing reached skip one k
{
l = 0;
k++;
}
}
}
private void LoadHeightmap()
{
verts = new CustomVertex.PositionColored[vertCount];
int k = 0;
using(OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog())
{
ofd.Title = "Load Heightmap";
ofd.Filter = "Bitmap files (*.bmp)|*.bmp";
ofd.InitialDirectory = Application.StartupPath;
if (ofd.ShowDialog(this) == DialogResult.OK)
{
heightmap = new Bitmap(ofd.FileName);
Color pixelCol;
for (int z = 0; z < terWidth; z++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < terLength; x++)
{
if(heightmap.Size.Width>x && heightmap.Size.Height > z)
{
pixelCol = heightmap.GetPixel(x, z);
verts[k].Position = new Vector3(x, (float)pixelCol.B / 15 - 10, z);
verts[k].Color = pixelCol.ToArgb();
}
else
{
verts[k].Position = new Vector3(x, 0, z);
verts[k].Color = Color.White.ToArgb();
}
k++;
}
}
}
}
}
private void OnKeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
{
switch (e.KeyCode)
{
case (Keys.W):
{
camPosition.X += moveSpeed * (float)Math.Sin(rotY);
camPosition.Z += moveSpeed * (float)Math.Cos(rotY);
break;
}
case (Keys.S):
{
camPosition.X -= moveSpeed * (float)Math.Sin(rotY);
camPosition.Z -= moveSpeed * (float)Math.Cos(rotY);
break;
}
case (Keys.D):
{
camPosition.X += moveSpeed * (float)Math.Sin(rotY + Math.PI / 2);
camPosition.Z += moveSpeed * (float)Math.Cos(rotY + Math.PI / 2);
break;
}
case (Keys.A):
{
camPosition.X -= moveSpeed * (float)Math.Sin(rotY + Math.PI / 2);
camPosition.Z -= moveSpeed * (float)Math.Cos(rotY + Math.PI / 2);
break;
}
case (Keys.Q):
{
rotY -= turnSpeed;
break;
}
case (Keys.E):
{
rotY += turnSpeed;
break;
}
case (Keys.Up):
{
if(rotXZ < Math.PI / 2)
{
rotXZ += turnSpeed;
}
break;
}
case (Keys.Down):
{
if (rotXZ > -Math.PI / 2)
{
rotXZ -= turnSpeed;
}
break;
}
}
}
private void OnMouseScroll(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
camPosition.Y -= e.Delta * 0.001f;
}
private void OnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (isMiddleMouseDown)
{
rotY = tempY + e.X * turnSpeed;
float tmp = tempXZ - e.Y * turnSpeed / 4;
if (tmp < Math.PI / 2 && tmp > -Math.PI / 2)
{
rotXZ = tmp;
}
}
if (isLeftMouseDown)
{
Point mouseMoveLocation = new Point(e.X, e.Y);
PickingTriangle(mouseMoveLocation);
}
}
private void OnMouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
switch (e.Button)
{
case (MouseButtons.Middle):
{
tempY = rotY - e.X * turnSpeed;
tempXZ = rotXZ + e.Y * turnSpeed / 4;
isMiddleMouseDown = true;
break;
}
case (MouseButtons.Left):
{
isLeftMouseDown = true;
Point mouseDownLocation = new Point(e.X, e.Y);
PickingTriangle(mouseDownLocation);
break;
}
}
}
private void OnMouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
switch (e.Button)
{
case (MouseButtons.Middle):
{
isMiddleMouseDown = false;
break;
}
case (MouseButtons.Left):
{
isLeftMouseDown = false;
break;
}
}
}
private void PickingTriangle(Point mouseLocation)
{
IntersectInformation hitLocation;
Vector3 near, far, direction;
near = new Vector3(mouseLocation.X, mouseLocation.Y, 0);
far = new Vector3(mouseLocation.X, mouseLocation.Y, 100);
near.Unproject(device.Viewport, device.Transform.Projection, device.Transform.View, device.Transform.World);
far.Unproject(device.Viewport, device.Transform.Projection, device.Transform.View, device.Transform.World);
direction = near - far;
for(int i=0; i<indCount; i += 3)
{
if(Geometry.IntersectTri(verts[indices[i]].Position, verts[indices[i+1]].Position, verts[indices[i+2]].Position,near, direction, out hitLocation))
{
verts[indices[i]].Color = Color.Red.ToArgb();
verts[indices[i+1]].Color = Color.Red.ToArgb();
verts[indices[i+2]].Color = Color.Red.ToArgb();
verts[indices[i]].Position += new Vector3(0, raiseConst, 0);
verts[indices[i+1]].Position += new Vector3(0, raiseConst, 0);
verts[indices[i+2]].Position += new Vector3(0, raiseConst, 0);
vb.SetData(verts, 0, LockFlags.None);
}
}
}
private void solidToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
fillMode = FillMode.Solid;
solidToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;
wireframeToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
pointToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
}
private void wireframeToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
fillMode = FillMode.WireFrame;
solidToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
wireframeToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;
pointToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
}
private void pointToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
fillMode = FillMode.Point;
solidToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
wireframeToolStripMenuItem.Checked = false;
pointToolStripMenuItem.Checked = true;
}
private void backgroundColorToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
ColorDialog cd = new ColorDialog();
invalidating = false;
if (cd.ShowDialog(this) == DialogResult.OK)
{
backgroundColor = cd.Color;
}
invalidating = true;
this.Invalidate();
}
private void loadHeightmapToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
LoadHeightmap();
vb.SetData(verts, 0, LockFlags.None);
}
private void resetToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
GenerateVertex();
vb.SetData(verts, 0, LockFlags.None);
}
}
}