#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
void printArray(int A[], int size) {
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
cout << A[i] << "\t";
}
cout << "\n";
}
struct Array {
int *A;
int size;
int length;
};
void display(Array *arr) {
for(int i = 0; i < arr->length; i++) {
cout << arr->A[i] << "\t";
}
cout << "\n";
}
void fillArray(Array *arr) {
for(int i = 0; i < arr->length; i++) {
cin >> arr->A[i];
}
}
void add(Array *arr, int x) {
if(arr->length < arr->size) {
arr->A[++arr->length] = x;
}
}
int main() {
Array arr;
cout << "arr.size before initializing: " << arr.size << "\n"; // gives a garbage value
cout << "Enter the size of the array: ";
cin >> arr.size;
cout << "Output of arr variable &arr: " << &arr << "\n";
arr.A = new int[arr.size];
cout << "arr.length before initializing: " << arr.length << "\n"; // gives garbage value
cout << "How many elements do you want to enter: ";
cin >> arr.length;
fillArray(&arr); //This is not pass by value but pass by reference because
display(&arr); // this function displays the values of arr
add(&arr, 15);
cout << "The length of the array after adding: " << arr.length << "\n";
display(&arr);
printArray(arr.A, arr.length);
}
该程序的输出如下:
$ ./array_adt
arr.size before initializing: -140717888
Enter the size of the array: 10
Output of arr variable &arr: 0x7ffe4e0ec040
arr.length before initializing: 21932
How many elements do you want to enter: 5
4 6 7 3 2
4 6 7 3 2
The length of the array after adding: 6
4 6 7 3 2 0
4 6 7 3 2 0
我很困惑为什么不将元素15添加到该结构的数组(实际上是一个初始化为堆中数组的指针)。如果有人可以对此有所了解,那么这对于许多人以及深入理解c ++概念都非常有用。
非常感谢。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
arr->A[++arr->length] = x;
应该是
arr->A[arr->length++] = x;
数组索引在C ++中从零开始,因此大小为arr
的数组N
的第一个元素末尾为arr[N]
。换句话说,15
确实添加到了数组中,只是位置不正确。
您的代码还会泄漏内存,因为从未删除main
中分配的数组。正确分配动态内存是一个很大(也是非常重要)的话题。请查阅您最喜欢的C ++书籍,尤其是应该研究rule of three