UWP:计算RichTextBlock中的文本高度会产生奇怪的结果

时间:2019-04-22 21:33:45

标签: c# uwp win2d richtextblock

我需要一种可靠的方法来获取RichTextBlock中包含的文本的高度,甚至在实际将其绘制在场景上之前。

使用常规Measure()方法会产生奇怪的结果,如在MVCE中可以看到的:https://github.com/cghersi/UWPExamples/tree/master/MeasureText(我想固定宽度,并测量最终高度,但DesiredSize的结果是与实际高度相差太远!!

基于这个原因,我找到了一个粗略的方法(在此处https://stackoverflow.com/a/45937298/919700中提到),我将其扩展以达到自己的目的,即使用一些Win2D API计算内容高度。

问题是,在某些情况下,此方法提供的高度小于预期的高度。

  1. 是否有一种通用的方法来检索(正确的) TextBlock,甚至还没有绘制出来?
  2. 如果不是这种情况,我在做什么错了?

这是我的代码(您也可以在这里找到MVCE:https://github.com/cghersi/UWPExamples/tree/master/RichText):

    public sealed partial class MainPage
    {
        public static readonly FontFamily FONT_FAMILY = new FontFamily("Assets/paltn.ttf#Palatino-Roman");
        public const int FONT_SIZE = 10;
        private readonly Dictionary<string, object> FONT = new Dictionary<string, object>
        {
            { AttrString.FONT_FAMILY_KEY, FONT_FAMILY },
            { AttrString.FONT_SIZE_KEY, FONT_SIZE },
            { AttrString.LINE_HEAD_INDENT_KEY, 10 },
            { AttrString.LINE_SPACING_KEY, 1.08 },
            { AttrString.FOREGROUND_COLOR_KEY, new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Black) }
        };

        // ReSharper disable once PrivateFieldCanBeConvertedToLocalVariable
        private readonly RichTextBlock m_displayedText;

        public MainPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            // create the text block:
            m_displayedText = new RichTextBlock
            {
                MaxLines = 0, //Let it use as many lines as it wants
                TextWrapping = TextWrapping.Wrap,
                AllowFocusOnInteraction = false,
                IsHitTestVisible = false,
                Width = 80,
                Height = 30,
                Margin = new Thickness(100)
            };

            // set the content with the right properties:
            AttrString content = new AttrString("Excerpt1 InkLink", FONT);
            SetRichText(m_displayedText, content);

            // add to the main panel:
            MainPanel.Children.Add(m_displayedText);

            // compute the text height: (this gives the wrong answer!!):
            double textH = GetRichTextHeight(content, (float)m_displayedText.Width);
            Console.WriteLine("text height: {0}", textH);
        }

        public static double GetRichTextHeight(AttrString text, float maxWidth)
        {
            if (text == null)
                return 0;

            CanvasDevice device = CanvasDevice.GetSharedDevice();
            double finalH = 0;
            foreach (AttributedToken textToken in text.Tokens)
            {
                CanvasTextFormat frmt = new CanvasTextFormat()
                {
                    Direction = CanvasTextDirection.LeftToRightThenTopToBottom,
                    FontFamily = textToken.Get(AttrString.FONT_FAMILY_KEY, FONT_FAMILY).Source,
                    FontSize = textToken.Get(AttrString.FONT_SIZE_KEY, FONT_SIZE),
                    WordWrapping = CanvasWordWrapping.Wrap
                };
                CanvasTextLayout layout = new CanvasTextLayout(device, textToken.Text, frmt, maxWidth, 0f);
                finalH += layout.LayoutBounds.Height;
            }

            return finalH;

            //return textBlock.Blocks.Sum(block => block.LineHeight);
        }

        private static void SetRichText(RichTextBlock label, AttrString str)
        {
            if ((str == null) || (label == null))
                return;
            label.Blocks.Clear();
            foreach (AttributedToken token in str.Tokens)
            {
                Paragraph paragraph = new Paragraph()
                {
                    TextAlignment = token.Get(AttrString.TEXT_ALIGN_KEY, TextAlignment.Left),
                    TextIndent = token.Get(AttrString.LINE_HEAD_INDENT_KEY, 0),
                };
                double fontSize = token.Get(AttrString.FONT_SIZE_KEY, FONT_SIZE);
                double lineSpacing = token.Get(AttrString.LINE_SPACING_KEY, 1.0);
                paragraph.LineHeight = fontSize * lineSpacing;
                paragraph.LineStackingStrategy = LineStackingStrategy.BlockLineHeight;
                Run run = new Run
                {
                    Text = token.Text,
                    FontFamily = token.Get(AttrString.FONT_FAMILY_KEY, FONT_FAMILY),
                    FontSize = fontSize,
                    Foreground = token.Get(AttrString.FOREGROUND_COLOR_KEY, new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Black)),
                    FontStyle = token.Get(AttrString.ITALIC_KEY, false) ? 
                        Windows.UI.Text.FontStyle.Italic : Windows.UI.Text.FontStyle.Normal
                };
                paragraph.Inlines.Add(run);
                label.Blocks.Add(paragraph);
            }
        }
    }

    public class AttrString
    {
        public const string FONT_FAMILY_KEY = "Fam";
        public const string FONT_SIZE_KEY = "Size";
        public const string LINE_HEAD_INDENT_KEY = "LhI";
        public const string LINE_SPACING_KEY = "LSpace";
        public const string FOREGROUND_COLOR_KEY = "Color";
        public const string ITALIC_KEY = "Ita";
        public const string TEXT_ALIGN_KEY = "Align";
        public const string LINE_BREAK_MODE_KEY = "LineBreak";

        public static Dictionary<string, object> DefaultCitationFont { get; set; }
        public static Dictionary<string, object> DefaultFont { get; set; }

        public List<AttributedToken> Tokens { get; set; }

        public AttrString(string text, Dictionary<string, object> attributes)
        {
            Tokens = new List<AttributedToken>();
            Append(text, attributes);
        }

        public AttrString(AttrString copy)
        {
            if (copy?.Tokens == null)
                return;
            Tokens = new List<AttributedToken>(copy.Tokens);
        }

        public AttrString Append(string text, Dictionary<string, object> attributes)
        {
            Tokens.Add(new AttributedToken(text, attributes));
            return this;
        }

        public bool IsEmpty()
        {
            foreach (AttributedToken t in Tokens)
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(t.Text))
                    return false;
            }

            return true;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            foreach (AttributedToken t in Tokens)
            {
                sb.Append(t.Text);
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }
    }

    public class AttributedToken
    {
        public string Text { get; set; }

        public Dictionary<string, object> Attributes { get; set; }

        public AttributedToken(string text, Dictionary<string, object> attributes)
        {
            Text = text;
            Attributes = attributes;
        }

        public T Get<T>(string key, T defaultValue)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(key) || (Attributes == null))
                return defaultValue;
            if (Attributes.ContainsKey(key))
                return (T)Attributes[key];
            else
                return defaultValue;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return Text;
        }
    }

**更新**:

进一步研究问题之后,问题似乎与CanvasTextFormat对象的可配置性不足有关,尤其是第一行的缩进(在RichTextBlock中使用属性{{ 1}})。有什么方法可以在Paragraph.TextIndent对象中指定这种设置?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

查看您的MeasureText MVCE代码,在RichTextBlock上调用Measure()的问题归结为这一行:

    m_textBlock.Margin = new Thickness(200);

这将所有边的通用边距设置为200,这意味着元素的左侧至少需要200宽度,右侧至少需要200宽度,即400宽度。由于您的Measure(300,infinite)指定的可用宽度小于最小所需的400宽度,因此RichTextBlock决定最好的方法是在每个字符处换行,产生5740像素的高度(加上200 + 200距边缘的高度)。

如果删除该行,RichTextBlock将使用指定的约束300,并正确测量其所需的高度为90像素,这是它在屏幕上呈现的高度(如果设置Width = 300或以其他方式导致实际元素布局具有相同的约束)。

或者,由于您知道元素所需的宽度,因此可以在其上设置Width = 300,然后它将以该宽度进行测量。不过,由于设置了“边距”,因此高度会增加。

我假设您的真实应用程序中实际上没有设置Margin = 200,而是使用了诸如Margin = 5之类的较小值来说明RichTextBlock在树和图形中时实际需要的边距。如果是这种情况,那么您可以:

  1. 使用Width = 300方法进行测量,并从DesireSize.Height中减去上下边界。
  2. 使用(300 + margin.Left + margin.Right)作为宽度进行测量,以便一旦从总availableSize中减去边距后,文本可以使用的剩余宽度就是您想要的300。您仍然需要减去从DesireSize.Height的顶部+底部边缘移出。