Question

我试图熟悉django-RESTframeworks，因此我开始了正式教程，以创建Test-API。

https://www.django-rest-framework.org/tutorial/quickstart/#quickstart

当最终通过[CMD]“ pyhon manage.py runserver”在Windows上启动API时，我在命令行上看到错误代码，您将在下面看到。

我还想补充一点，不幸的是，至少从初学者的角度来看，本教程的描述中存在一些歧义，即并不总是确定本教程中的相应代码是否需要添加到模块中或替换模块中的全部或部分代码。

因此，我尝试以各种方式实现本教程的说明，始终以相同的最终结果。

我正在虚拟环境中运行代码，我已经在其中安装了Django 1.11。，因此使用不同的Django版本应该不会有问题。

C:\Users\Rolimar\projects\djREST_tut>workon djresttut
(djresttut) C:\Users\Rolimar\projects\djREST_tut>python manage.py runserver
Performing system checks...

Unhandled exception in thread started by <function wrapper at 0x0000000004CBF978>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 228, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 124, in inner_run
self.check(display_num_errors=True)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 359, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 346, in _run_checks
return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 81, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 16, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 26, in check_resolver
return check_method()
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 256, in check
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 35, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 407, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 35, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\Envs\djresttut\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 400, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "c:\python27\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
__import__(name)
  File "C:\Users\Rolima\projects\djREST_tut\tutorial\urls.py", line 19, in <module>
from django.urls import include, path
ImportError: cannot import name include

在这里，我尝试从教程中复制代码：

“ serializers.py”

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import serializers


class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'groups')


class GroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Group
        fields = ('url', 'name')

“ views.py”

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import viewsets
from tutorial.quickstart.serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer


class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows users to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = User.objects.all().order_by('-date_joined')
    serializer_class = UserSerializer


class GroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows groups to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = Group.objects.all()
    serializer_class = GroupSerializer

“ urls.py”

            """tutorial URL Configuration

            The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
                https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/
            Examples:
            Function views
                1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
                2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
            Class-based views
                1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
                2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
            Including another URLconf
                1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include
                2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
            """
            from django.conf.urls import url
            from django.contrib import admin

            from django.urls import include, path
            from rest_framework import routers
            from tutorial.quickstart import views

            router = routers.DefaultRouter()
            router.register(r'users', views.UserViewSet)
            router.register(r'groups', views.GroupViewSet)

            urlpatterns = [
                url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
                path('', include(router.urls)),
                path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
            ]

在“ settings.py”中，我在其中添加了“ rest_framework”

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles'
    'rest_framework',
]

，最后我还在下面添加了以下代码：

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
'DEFAULT_PAGINATION_CLASS': 'rest_framework.pagination.PageNumberPagination',
'PAGE_SIZE': 10
}

Answer 1

很可能您正在使用 django <2.0 ，但是遵循以 django> 2.0 编写的教程。从django 2.0起，include已移至django.urls，然后再驻留在django.conf.urls（changelog reference）中。因此，您需要像这样更新urls.py：

        from django.conf.urls import url, include
        from django.contrib import admin
        from rest_framework import routers
        from tutorial.quickstart import views

        router = routers.DefaultRouter()
        router.register(r'users', views.UserViewSet)
        router.register(r'groups', views.GroupViewSet)

        urlpatterns = [
            url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
            url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
            url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
        ]

您也不能使用path，因为它也是introduced in django 2。

或者您可以移至 django> 2.0 ，但是在这种情况下，您必须删除from django.conf.urls import url并使用from django.urls import url。

django-RESTframework-Tutorial问题

1 个答案: