我正在尝试建立一个小型图书馆系统,用户可以在其中添加新书的详细信息(名称,作者和价格)。当实现FileIO系统以使用getline函数从每本书中读取每本书的详细信息时,当我尝试将它们存储在临时变量中时,分离变量变得更加困难。
例如:
“不是四个字母的单词,克里斯·杰里科(Chris Jericho),17.67,”
“ Harry Potter,JK Rowling,23.98,”
PS:是否有比添加逗号更好的解决方案?
我试图添加一个','字符来分隔我的每个字符串,但是我需要一个更好,更有效的解决方案,该解决方案可以与getLine函数一起使用。
int main(){
vector<Book> library;
//----Loading File Data_START
string line;
int nbArg=0;
string tempName, tempAuthor, tempPrice;
ifstream myfileL("List.txt");
if (myfileL.is_open())
{
while (getline(myfileL, line))
{
tempPrice=tempAuthor = tempName = "";
for (int j = 0; j < line.size(); j++){
if (line.at(j) == ','){
nbArg++;
}
else{
switch (nbArg){
case 0:
tempName += (line.at(j));
break;
case 1:
tempPrice += (line.at(j));
break;
case 2:
tempAuthor += (line.at(j));
break;
}
}
}
cout << tempName << endl << tempAuthor << endl << tempPrice << endl;
cout << "End of Line"<< endl;
nbArg = 0;
}
cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
myfileL.close();
}
else cout << "Unable to open file";
//----Loading File Data_END
char inputKey = 's';
cout << "-----------------WELCOME----------------" << endl;
while (inputKey != 'q')
{
cout << "---------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "Click \"1\" to add a book to your library" << endl;
cout << "Click \"2\" to show how the number of books your possess" << endl;
cout << "Click \"3\" to show details about your books" << endl;
cout << "Click \"q\" to quit" << endl;
cin >> inputKey;
switch (inputKey)
{
case '1':
addElem(library);
break;
case '2':
cout << "You now own " << libSize(library) << " books !" << endl;
break;
case '3':
showDetails(library);
break;
case 'q':
cout << "GOODBYE!" << endl;
Sleep(2000);
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
使用专用文件格式,该文件格式可以包含结构(例如json,xml)。这样可以避免很多问题。
如果不能这样做,则添加一个分隔符(就像您所做的一样),但是选择一个,在真实字符串中出现的可能性最小。因此,例如行尾(每个变量都在其自己的行上)或\ 0或\ t。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这是一种顺利加载库的解决方案。您可以在名称,作者和价格之间用TAB
的{{1}}分隔\t
,而不用逗号,
分隔,然后使用getline()
用{ {1}},例如下面的示例。
TAB
您的#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
const char TAB = '\t';
struct StructBook {
string Name, Author;
double Price;
};
vector<StructBook> Library;
void GetBookDetails(string LineBookDetails, StructBook & Book) {
string string_Price;
stringstream StringStreamBookDetails(LineBookDetails);
getline(StringStreamBookDetails, Book.Name, TAB);
getline(StringStreamBookDetails, Book.Author, TAB);
getline(StringStreamBookDetails, string_Price, TAB);
stringstream(string_Price) >> Book.Price;
}
bool LoadLibrary() {
ifstream FileBookList("BookList.txt");
if(FileBookList.is_open()) {
string LineBookDetails;
StructBook Book;
while(getline(FileBookList, LineBookDetails)) {
GetBookDetails(LineBookDetails, Book);
Library.push_back(Book);
cout << Book.Name << ", " << Book.Author << ", " << Book.Price << endl;
}
FileBookList.close();
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
int main(){
if(!LoadLibrary())
cout << "Error: Unable to load library";
//Rest of your program goes here
return 0;
}
应该如下所示:
BookList.txt