尝试在direct2d中使用ID2D1SpriteBatch来提高常规DrawBitmap（）的性能。
设法进行设置，但是在我调用DeviceContext.EndDraw（）时得到“对象未处于正确状态以处理该方法”。
我可以使DeviceContext.DrawBitmap（）正常工作（请参阅注释掉的部分）。我想过一切，以使设备上下文处于正确的状态以处理spritebatch，但没有运气。
试图将样本尽可能地精简，但也不想遗漏任何步骤，以防万一。
任何想法如何使其起作用？
using SharpDX;
using _d2d = SharpDX.Direct2D1;
using _d3d = SharpDX.Direct3D;
using _d3d11 = SharpDX.Direct3D11;
using _dxgi = SharpDX.DXGI;
using _directWrite = SharpDX.DirectWrite;
using _wic = SharpDX.WIC;
using SharpDX.Direct2D1;
using SharpDX.Direct3D;
using SharpDX.Direct3D11;
using SharpDX.DXGI;
using SharpDX.Windows;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using SharpDX.IO;
using SharpDX.Mathematics.Interop;
namespace TestApp
{
public class SpriteBatchIssue
{
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var app = new SpriteBatchIssue();
app.Run();
}
bool isClosed = false;
public void Run()
{
#region setup resources
var clientSize = new Size2(1000, 500);
var mainForm = new RenderForm();
mainForm.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(
clientSize.Width,
clientSize.Height);
mainForm.FormClosed += mainForm_FormClosed;
var scDescription = new SwapChainDescription()
{
BufferCount = 1,
ModeDescription =
new ModeDescription(
clientSize.Width,
clientSize.Height,
new Rational(60, 1),
Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm),
IsWindowed = true,
OutputHandle = mainForm.Handle,
SampleDescription = new SampleDescription(1, 0),
SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard,
Usage = Usage.RenderTargetOutput
};
// Create Device and SwapChain
_d3d11.Device d3d11Device;
SwapChain swapChain;
_d3d11.Device.CreateWithSwapChain(
DriverType.Hardware,
DeviceCreationFlags.BgraSupport,
new[] { _d3d.FeatureLevel.Level_12_1 },
scDescription,
out d3d11Device,
out swapChain);
// Ignore all windows events
var dxgiFactory = swapChain.GetParent<_dxgi.Factory1>();
dxgiFactory.MakeWindowAssociation(mainForm.Handle, WindowAssociationFlags.IgnoreAll);
// New RenderTargetView from the backbuffer
var backBuffer = Texture2D.FromSwapChain<Texture2D>(swapChain, 0);
var backBufferView = new RenderTargetView(d3d11Device, backBuffer);
var d2dFactory = new _d2d.Factory();
var d2dFactory4 = d2dFactory.QueryInterface<_d2d.Factory4>();
var dxgiDevice = d3d11Device.QueryInterface<_dxgi.Device>();
var d2dDevice3 = new _d2d.Device3(d2dFactory4, dxgiDevice);
var d2dDeviceContext3 = new _d2d.DeviceContext3(d2dDevice3, DeviceContextOptions.None);
using (var surface = backBuffer.QueryInterface<Surface>())
{
var bmpProperties = new BitmapProperties1(
new PixelFormat(Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm, _d2d.AlphaMode.Premultiplied),
dpiX: 96,
dpiY: 96,
bitmapOptions: BitmapOptions.Target | BitmapOptions.CannotDraw);
var d2dTarget = new Bitmap1(
d2dDeviceContext3,
surface,
bmpProperties);
d2dDeviceContext3.Target = d2dTarget;
}
#endregion
#region setup drawing parameters
var bmp = createD2DBitmap(@"C:\yourPath\yourImage.png", d2dDeviceContext3);
var spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(d2dDeviceContext3);
var destinationRects = new RawRectangleF[1];
destinationRects[0] = new RectangleF(100, 50, bmp.Size.Width, bmp.Size.Height);
var sourceRects = new RawRectangle[1];
sourceRects[0] = new RectangleF(0, 0, bmp.Size.Width, bmp.Size.Height);
var colors = new RawColor4[1];
colors[0] = Color.White;
var transforms = new RawMatrix3x2[1];
transforms[0] = Matrix3x2.Identity;
#endregion
#region mainLoop
RenderLoop.Run(mainForm, () =>
{
if (isClosed)
{
return;
}
d3d11Device.ImmediateContext.Rasterizer.SetViewport(new Viewport(0, 0, clientSize.Width, clientSize.Height));
d3d11Device.ImmediateContext.OutputMerger.SetTargets(backBufferView);
d2dDeviceContext3.BeginDraw();
//this technique works
//d2dDeviceContext3.DrawBitmap(
// bitmap: bmp,
// destinationRectangle: destinationRects[0],
// opacity: 1,
// interpolationMode: BitmapInterpolationMode.Linear,
// sourceRectangle: new RectangleF(0, 0, bmp.Size.Width, bmp.Size.Height));
//this technique does not work
spriteBatch.Clear();
spriteBatch.AddSprites(
1,
destinationRects,
sourceRects,
colors,
transforms,
destinationRectanglesStride: 0, //0 stride because there is only 1 element
sourceRectanglesStride: 0, //i've also tried using Marshal.SizeOf() to get the stride, but i get the same error
colorsStride: 0,
transformsStride: 0);
d2dDeviceContext3.DrawSpriteBatch(
spriteBatch: spriteBatch,
startIndex: 0,
spriteCount: 1,
bitmap: bmp,
interpolationMode: BitmapInterpolationMode.Linear,
spriteOptions: SpriteOptions.ClampToSourceRectangle);
//when using the spritebatch technique, this throws exception:
// "The object was not in the correct state to process the method"
d2dDeviceContext3.EndDraw();
//first param set to 1 would indicate waitVerticalBlanking
swapChain.Present(0, PresentFlags.None);
});
#endregion
}
Bitmap createD2DBitmap(string filePath, _d2d.DeviceContext deviceContext)
{
var imagingFactory = new _wic.ImagingFactory();
var fileStream = new NativeFileStream(
filePath,
NativeFileMode.Open,
NativeFileAccess.Read);
var bitmapDecoder = new _wic.BitmapDecoder(imagingFactory, fileStream, _wic.DecodeOptions.CacheOnDemand);
var frame = bitmapDecoder.GetFrame(0);
var converter = new _wic.FormatConverter(imagingFactory);
converter.Initialize(frame, SharpDX.WIC.PixelFormat.Format32bppPRGBA);
var newBitmap = SharpDX.Direct2D1.Bitmap1.FromWicBitmap(deviceContext, converter);
return newBitmap;
}
void mainForm_FormClosed(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.FormClosedEventArgs e)
{
isClosed = true;
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：0)
问题是您不能使用带有spritebatch的每个原始抗锯齿。 BeginDraw（）之前的这一行对其进行了修复：d2dDeviceContext3.AntialiasMode = AntialiasMode.Aliased;
还终于了解了如何使调试层正常工作。创建设备时包括调试标志（请参见下面的注释）。如果抛出异常，那可能是因为您没有正确版本的Windows sdk。如果您使用的是Visual Studio，请转到Visual Studio安装程序并修改安装，使其包含Windows sdk。
接下来，您需要右键单击您的项目->属性->调试（在左侧面板上）->选中“启用本机代码调试”。完成此操作后，在输出窗口中写了一行，指出：“ D2D DEBUG ERROR-DrawSpriteBatch要求将抗锯齿模式设置为D2D1_ANTIALIAS_MODE_ALIASED。”
我了解到的其他问题与答案没有直接关系，但值得注意：“请注意，SharpDX中的ComObject不会由.NET终结器处理。如果未通过调用Dispose（）释放COM对象，则ReleaseReference（），它将不会释放本机对象和与其相连的内存。”从这里开始：http://sharpdx.org/wiki/usage/
这是一个完整的工作示例：
using SharpDX;
using _d2d = SharpDX.Direct2D1;
using _d3d = SharpDX.Direct3D;
using _d3d11 = SharpDX.Direct3D11;
using _dxgi = SharpDX.DXGI;
using _directWrite = SharpDX.DirectWrite;
using _wic = SharpDX.WIC;
using SharpDX.Direct2D1;
using SharpDX.Direct3D;
using SharpDX.Direct3D11;
using SharpDX.DXGI;
using SharpDX.Windows;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using SharpDX.IO;
using SharpDX.Mathematics.Interop;
namespace TestApp
{
public class SpriteBatchIssue
{
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var app = new SpriteBatchIssue();
app.Run();
}
#region Variables
_d3d11.Device d3d11Device;
SwapChain swapChain;
_dxgi.Factory1 dxgiFactory;
_d2d.Factory d2dFactory;
_d2d.Factory4 d2dFactory4;
_dxgi.Device dxgiDevice;
_d2d.Device3 d2dDevice3;
_d2d.DeviceContext3 d2dDeviceContext3;
Bitmap1 sourceImage;
SpriteBatch spriteBatch;
Bitmap1 d2dTarget;
#endregion
~SpriteBatchIssue()
{
safeDispose(ref d3d11Device);
safeDispose(ref swapChain);
safeDispose(ref dxgiFactory);
safeDispose(ref d2dFactory);
safeDispose(ref d2dFactory4);
safeDispose(ref dxgiDevice);
safeDispose(ref d2dDevice3);
safeDispose(ref d2dDeviceContext3);
safeDispose(ref sourceImage);
safeDispose(ref spriteBatch);
safeDispose(ref d2dTarget);
}
public void Run()
{
#region setup resources
var mainForm = new RenderForm();
var scDescription = new SwapChainDescription()
{
BufferCount = 1,
ModeDescription =
new ModeDescription(
0,
0,
new Rational(60, 1),
Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm),
IsWindowed = true,
OutputHandle = mainForm.Handle,
SampleDescription = new SampleDescription(1, 0),
SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard,
Usage = Usage.RenderTargetOutput
};
//DeviceCreationFlags.Debug flag below will show debug layer messages in your output window.
//Need proper version of windows sdk for it to work, otherwise it will throw an exception.
//You also need to right click your project->properties->debug (on the left panel)-> check "enable native code debugging"
// Create Device and SwapChain
_d3d11.Device.CreateWithSwapChain(
DriverType.Hardware,
DeviceCreationFlags.BgraSupport | DeviceCreationFlags.Debug,
new[] { _d3d.FeatureLevel.Level_12_1 },
scDescription,
out d3d11Device,
out swapChain);
// Ignore all windows events
dxgiFactory = swapChain.GetParent<_dxgi.Factory1>();
dxgiFactory.MakeWindowAssociation(mainForm.Handle, WindowAssociationFlags.IgnoreAll);
d2dFactory = new _d2d.Factory();
d2dFactory4 = d2dFactory.QueryInterface<_d2d.Factory4>();
dxgiDevice = d3d11Device.QueryInterface<_dxgi.Device>();
d2dDevice3 = new _d2d.Device3(d2dFactory4, dxgiDevice);
d2dDeviceContext3 = new _d2d.DeviceContext3(d2dDevice3, DeviceContextOptions.None);
#endregion
#region create drawing input
sourceImage = createD2DBitmap(@"yourFile.png", d2dDeviceContext3);
spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(d2dDeviceContext3);
var destinationRects = new RawRectangleF[1];
destinationRects[0] = new RectangleF(100, 50, sourceImage.Size.Width, sourceImage.Size.Height);
var sourceRects = new RawRectangle[1];
sourceRects[0] = new RectangleF(0, 0, sourceImage.Size.Width, sourceImage.Size.Height);
#endregion
#region mainLoop
RenderLoop.Run(mainForm, () =>
{
if (d2dTarget != null)
{
d2dTarget.Dispose();
d2dTarget = null;
}
using (var backBuffer = Texture2D.FromSwapChain<Texture2D>(swapChain, 0))
{
using (var surface = backBuffer.QueryInterface<Surface>())
{
var bmpProperties = new BitmapProperties1(
new PixelFormat(Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm, _d2d.AlphaMode.Premultiplied),
dpiX: 96,
dpiY: 96,
bitmapOptions: BitmapOptions.Target | BitmapOptions.CannotDraw);
d2dTarget = new Bitmap1(
d2dDeviceContext3,
surface,
bmpProperties);
d2dDeviceContext3.Target = d2dTarget;
}
}
//the key missing piece: cannot use per primitive antialiasing with spritebatch
d2dDeviceContext3.AntialiasMode = AntialiasMode.Aliased;
d2dDeviceContext3.BeginDraw();
spriteBatch.Clear();
spriteBatch.AddSprites(
1,
destinationRects,
sourceRects,
null,
null,
destinationRectanglesStride: 0, //0 stride because there is only 1 element
sourceRectanglesStride: 0,
colorsStride: 0,
transformsStride: 0);
d2dDeviceContext3.DrawSpriteBatch(
spriteBatch: spriteBatch,
startIndex: 0,
spriteCount: 1,
bitmap: sourceImage,
interpolationMode: BitmapInterpolationMode.Linear,
spriteOptions: SpriteOptions.ClampToSourceRectangle);
d2dDeviceContext3.EndDraw();
//first param set to 1 would indicate waitVerticalBlanking
swapChain.Present(0, PresentFlags.None);
});
#endregion
}
void safeDispose<T>(ref T disposable) where T : class, IDisposable
{
if (disposable != null)
{
disposable.Dispose();
disposable = null;
}
}
Bitmap1 createD2DBitmap(string filePath, _d2d.DeviceContext deviceContext)
{
var imagingFactory = new _wic.ImagingFactory();
var fileStream = new NativeFileStream(
filePath,
NativeFileMode.Open,
NativeFileAccess.Read);
var bitmapDecoder = new _wic.BitmapDecoder(imagingFactory, fileStream, _wic.DecodeOptions.CacheOnDemand);
var frame = bitmapDecoder.GetFrame(0);
var converter = new _wic.FormatConverter(imagingFactory);
converter.Initialize(frame, SharpDX.WIC.PixelFormat.Format32bppPRGBA);
var newBitmap = SharpDX.Direct2D1.Bitmap1.FromWicBitmap(deviceContext, converter);
return newBitmap;
}
}
}