将a列表列表拆分为子列表

时间:2019-02-13 13:04:12

标签: list common-lisp

对于一个爱好项目,我处理

等a-list的列表

((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 3) (0 . 4) (0 . 7) (0 . 8))

,列表最多可以包含9个元素,a列表仅由09之间的整数组成。我想将列表分成连续cdr个子单元。

(((0 . 0) (0 . 1)) ((0 . 3) (0 . 4)) ((0 . 7) (0 . 8)))

一个子单元只能有一个元素,而列表根本没有子单元,例如:

((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 2) (0 . 4))((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 2) (0 . 3) (0 . 4))

结果应为:

(((0 . 0) (0 . 1)) ((0 . 3) (0 . 4)) ((0 . 7) (0 . 8)))

(((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 2)) ((0 . 4)))

(((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 2) (0 . 3) (0 . 4)))

我使用iterate提出了两步式方法。首先,扫描列表并检查是否存在子单元,并返回间隙的位置。其次,使用之前实现的功能split-at将列表分开:

(defun split-at (count original-list)
  (unless (or (null original-list) (minusp count)
              (>= count (length original-list)))
    (list (subseq original-list 0 count)
          (subseq original-list count))))

(defun sub-units (units)
  "Scan UNITS for sub-units."
  (iter
    (for (a . b) in units)
    (for last-b previous b initially -1)
    (for pos from 0)
    (unless (= 1 (- b last-b))
      (collecting pos))))

(defun split-sub-units (units)
  "Splits UNITS into its sub-units."
  (iter
    (with pos = (or (sub-units units) (list 0)))
    (for p in pos)
    (for last-p previous p)
    (for (head tail) first (split-at p units) then (split-at last-p tail))
    (when head
      (collect head into result))
    (finally (return (nconc result (list tail))))))

是否可以将两个功能sub-unitssplit-sub-units合并为一个?在样式或效率上有什么区别吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

我认为可以通过以下方式迭代来解决问题:收集列表中的所有元素,直到它们的cdr连续为止,然后重复之前的过程,直到原始列表为空,收集所有产生的列表。可以迭代完成此操作,总费用为 O(n),其中 n 是原始列表的长度。

我使用loop代替iterate,因为我对第一种构造更为熟悉,将其转换为迭代应该很简单。

(defun split (l)
  (loop for (a b) = (loop for (x . y) on l
                          collect x into a
                          when (and y (/= (cdar y) (1+ (cdr x))))
                            do (return (list a y))   ; split here
                          finally (return (list a nil))) ; never split
        collect a        ; a list has been produced, collect it
        while b          ; if there are other elements
        do (setf l b)))  ; repeat splitting over them

一些测试:

CL-USER> (split '((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 2)))
(((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 2)))
CL-USER> (split '((0 . 0) (0 . 1) (0 . 3) (0 . 4) (0 . 7) (0 . 8)))
(((0 . 0) (0 . 1)) ((0 . 3) (0 . 4)) ((0 . 7) (0 . 8)))
CL-USER> (split '((0 . 0)))
(((0 . 0)))
CL-USER> (split '())
(NIL)