无论何时调用RESTendpoint,我都需要记录。我正在尝试使用Spring AOP进行此操作。
除其他事项外,我还需要延长端点的调用时间。也就是说,我需要读出Mapping注释的值。
我想以一种通用的方式解决这个问题。即“无论确切的映射是什么,都给我Mapping的价值”。
所以我现在所做的基本上是此答案中提出的内容: https://stackoverflow.com/a/26945251/2995907
@Pointcut("@annotation(getMapping)")
public void getMappingAnnotations(GetMapping getMapping){ }
然后我将getMapping
传递给我的建议,并从中获得价值。
为了能够选择我遇到的任何映射,我遵循以下问题的公认答案: Spring Aspectj @Before all rest method
@Pointcut("@annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping) " +
"|| @annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping)" +
"|| @annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping)" +
"|| @annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable)" +
"|| @annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping)" +
"|| @annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping)"
)
public void mappingAnnotations() {}
我只想写类似的东西
public void mappingAnnotations(RequestMapping requestMapping) {}
,然后从中获取值,因为所有映射都是RequestMapping的别名。不幸的是,这没有用。到现在为止,我似乎必须为每种映射做一个单独的切入点,然后为它们中的每一种都有一个方法(这将非常相似-不是非常干)或相当难看的if-else-block(也许我可以将其切换为带有烦恼的事物。
所以问题是我该如何以一种干净的方式解决这个问题。我只想记录任何类型的映射并获取注释所携带的相应路径参数。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您可以在任何Spring方面接受JoinPoint
,并从中提取呼叫Signature
(在您的情况下,该呼叫应始终为MethodSignature
)。然后,您可以使用该签名来获取被调用的方法。
一旦有了该方法,就可以使用Spring的元注释API从映射注释中获取所需的所有相关属性。
示例代码:
@PutMapping(path = "/example", consumes = "application/json")
void exampleWebMethod(JsonObject json) {
/* implementation */
}
/**
* Your aspect. I used simplified pointcut definition, but yours should work too.
*/
@Before("@annotation(org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping)")
public void beforeRestMethods(JoinPoint jp) {
MethodSignature sgn = (MethodSignature) jp.getSignature();
Method method = sgn.getMethod();
AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotatedElementUtils.getMergedAnnotationAttributes(
method,
RequestMapping.class
);
// and a simple test that this works.
assertEquals(new String[] {"/example"}, attributes.getStringArray("path"));
assertEquals(new String[] {"application/json"}, attributes.getStringArray("consumes"));
// notice that this also works, because PutMapping is itself annotated with
// @RequestMethod(method = PUT), and Spring's programming model lets you discover that
assertEquals(new RequestMethod[] {RequestMethod.PUT}, (Object[]) attributes.get("method"));
}
如果您确实需要,还可以让Spring为您合成注释,如下所示:
RequestMapping mapping = AnnotatedElementUtils.getMergedAnnotation(
method,
RequestMapping.class
);
然后,Spring将创建一个实现注释接口的代理,该代理接口将允许在其上调用方法,就像从该方法获得的实际注释一样,但支持Spring的元注释。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
在通常情况下,我会给出与Nándor相同的答案。 AspectJ与||
不同分支上的参数的绑定是模棱两可的,因为两个分支都可以匹配,所以这是不可行的。
关于@RequestMapping
,所有其他@*Mapping
注释都是语法糖,并记录为组成快捷方式的注释,例如,参见@GetMapping
:
具体来说,
@GetMapping
是一个组合的注释,它充当@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
的快捷方式。
即类型GetMapping
本身由@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
注释。其他组成的(语法糖)注释也是如此。我们可以将这种情况用于我们的方面。
AspectJ具有用于查找带注释的注释(也嵌套)的语法,请参见例如my answer here。在这种情况下,我们可以使用该语法来通用匹配@RequestMapping
注释的所有注释。
这仍然给我们留下了两种情况,即直接注释和语法糖注释,但无论如何还是简化了代码。我提出了这个纯Java + AspectJ示例应用程序,仅导入了 spring-web JAR以便访问批注。我不使用Spring,但是切入点和建议在Spring AOP中看起来是一样的,您甚至可以从第一个切入点中删除&& execution(* *(..))
部分,因为Spring AOP除了执行切入点外什么都不知道(但是AspectJ可以做到)并且还可以与call()
匹配)。
驱动程序应用程序:
package de.scrum_master.app;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.*;
public class Application {
@GetMapping public void get() {}
@PostMapping public void post() {}
@RequestMapping(method = HEAD) public void head() {}
@RequestMapping(method = OPTIONS) public void options() {}
@PutMapping public void put() {}
@PatchMapping public void patch() {}
@DeleteMapping @Deprecated public void delete() {}
@RequestMapping(method = TRACE) public void trace() {}
@RequestMapping(method = { GET, POST, HEAD}) public void mixed() {}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Application application = new Application();
application.get();
application.post();
application.head();
application.options();
application.put();
application.patch();
application.delete();
application.trace();
application.mixed();
}
}
请注意我如何混合使用不同的注释类型,以及如何向一个方法添加另一个注释@Deprecated
,以便为我们不感兴趣的注释提供否定测试用例。
方面:
package de.scrum_master.aspect;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Aspect
public class RequestMappingAspect {
@Before("@annotation(requestMapping) && execution(* *(..))")
public void genericMapping(JoinPoint thisJoinPoint, RequestMapping requestMapping) {
System.out.println(thisJoinPoint);
for (RequestMethod method : requestMapping.method())
System.out.println(" " + method);
}
@Before("execution(@(@org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping *) * *(..))")
public void metaMapping(JoinPoint thisJoinPoint) {
System.out.println(thisJoinPoint);
for (Annotation annotation : ((MethodSignature) thisJoinPoint.getSignature()).getMethod().getAnnotations()) {
RequestMapping requestMapping = annotation.annotationType().getAnnotation(RequestMapping.class);
if (requestMapping == null)
continue;
for (RequestMethod method : requestMapping.method())
System.out.println(" " + method);
}
}
}
控制台日志:
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.get())
GET
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.post())
POST
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.head())
HEAD
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.options())
OPTIONS
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.put())
PUT
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.patch())
PATCH
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.delete())
DELETE
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.trace())
TRACE
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.mixed())
GET
POST
HEAD
关于DRY,这并不完美,但我们只能走得更远。我仍然认为它紧凑,可读并且可维护,而不必列出要匹配的每种注释类型。
你怎么看?
更新:
如果要获取“语法糖”请求映射注释的值,则整个代码如下:
package de.scrum_master.app;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.*;
public class Application {
@GetMapping public void get() {}
@PostMapping(value = "foo") public void post() {}
@RequestMapping(value = {"foo", "bar"}, method = HEAD) public void head() {}
@RequestMapping(value = "foo", method = OPTIONS) public void options() {}
@PutMapping(value = "foo") public void put() {}
@PatchMapping(value = "foo") public void patch() {}
@DeleteMapping(value = {"foo", "bar"}) @Deprecated public void delete() {}
@RequestMapping(value = "foo", method = TRACE) public void trace() {}
@RequestMapping(value = "foo", method = { GET, POST, HEAD}) public void mixed() {}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Application application = new Application();
application.get();
application.post();
application.head();
application.options();
application.put();
application.patch();
application.delete();
application.trace();
application.mixed();
}
}
package de.scrum_master.aspect;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Aspect
public class RequestMappingAspect {
@Before("@annotation(requestMapping) && execution(* *(..))")
public void genericMapping(JoinPoint thisJoinPoint, RequestMapping requestMapping) {
System.out.println(thisJoinPoint);
for (String value : requestMapping.value())
System.out.println(" value = " + value);
for (RequestMethod method : requestMapping.method())
System.out.println(" method = " + method);
}
@Before("execution(@(@org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping *) * *(..))")
public void metaMapping(JoinPoint thisJoinPoint) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
System.out.println(thisJoinPoint);
for (Annotation annotation : ((MethodSignature) thisJoinPoint.getSignature()).getMethod().getAnnotations()) {
RequestMapping requestMapping = annotation.annotationType().getAnnotation(RequestMapping.class);
if (requestMapping == null)
continue;
for (String value : (String[]) annotation.annotationType().getDeclaredMethod("value").invoke(annotation))
System.out.println(" value = " + value);
for (RequestMethod method : requestMapping.method())
System.out.println(" method = " + method);
}
}
}
控制台日志如下:
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.get())
method = GET
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.post())
value = foo
method = POST
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.head())
value = foo
value = bar
method = HEAD
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.options())
value = foo
method = OPTIONS
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.put())
value = foo
method = PUT
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.patch())
value = foo
method = PATCH
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.delete())
value = foo
value = bar
method = DELETE
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.trace())
value = foo
method = TRACE
execution(void de.scrum_master.app.Application.mixed())
value = foo
method = GET
method = POST
method = HEAD
更新2:
如果要通过使用 @M最初建议的Spring的AnnotatedElementUtils
和AnnotationAttributes
隐藏反射材质。普罗霍罗夫(Prokhorov),您可以利用以下事实:通过getMergedAnnotationAttributes
,您实际上可以一站式地购买原始RequestMapping
注释和GetMapping
这样的语法糖,同时获得这两种方法和值信息放在单个合并的属性对象中。这甚至使您能够消除获取信息的两种不同情况,从而将这两种建议合并为一个这样的情况:
package de.scrum_master.aspect;
import static org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotatedElementUtils.getMergedAnnotationAttributes;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
/**
* See https://stackoverflow.com/a/53892842/1082681
*/
@Aspect
public class RequestMappingAspect {
@Before(
"execution(@org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping * *(..)) ||" +
"execution(@(@org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping *) * *(..))"
)
public void metaMapping(JoinPoint thisJoinPoint) {
System.out.println(thisJoinPoint);
AnnotationAttributes annotationAttributes = getMergedAnnotationAttributes(
((MethodSignature) thisJoinPoint.getSignature()).getMethod(),
RequestMapping.class
);
for (String value : (String[]) annotationAttributes.get("value"))
System.out.println(" value = " + value);
for (RequestMethod method : (RequestMethod[]) annotationAttributes.get("method"))
System.out.println(" method = " + method);
}
}
您已经拥有了它:可以像您最初希望的那样进行DRY,它具有相当可读性和可维护性的方面代码,并且可以轻松地访问所有(元)注释信息。