Question

我对编程非常陌生，想使用minimax算法对Tic，tac，脚趾求解器进行编程。当我测试程序时，它返回：比较中超出了最大递归深度。我不知道为什么我的递归不会停止。有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗？请随时给我一些有关如何改进代码的提示。

# in the scores list the scores of the moves are kept
scores = []
# in the empty_spots list all indices of the empty cells in the grid are kept
empty_spots = []

# function, which prints the grid
def show_grid(grid):
    a = 0
    for cell in grid:
        a = a + 1
        if cell == 1:
            if a < 3:
                print("X", end="")
            else:
                print("X")
                a = 0
        elif cell == -1:
            if a < 3:
                print("O", end="")
            else:
                print("O")
                a = 0
        else:
            if a < 3:
                print("_", end="")
            else:
                print("_")
                a = 0

# function which checks if there is a victory or draw
def check_victory(grid, player):
    Victory_Combos = [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [0, 3, 6], [1, 4, 7], [2, 5, 8], [0, 4, 8], [6, 4, 2]]
    for victorys in Victory_Combos:
        if grid[victorys[0]] == player*-1 and grid[victorys[1]] == player*-1 and grid[victorys[2]] == player*-1:
            return -10 * player
    if 0 not in grid:
        return 0

# function which finds all empty spots
def find_empty_spots(grid):
    for cell in range(9):
        if grid[cell] == 0:
            empty_spots.append(cell)
    return empty_spots



# minimax function
def minimax(grid, player, best_score, depth):
    if check_victory(grid, player) != None:
        return check_victory(grid, player)
    list = find_empty_spots(grid)
    for cell in list:
        grid[cell] = player
        scores.append(minimax(grid, player*-1, 1000*-player, depth + 1))
        if player == 1:
            best_score = -1000
            for score in scores:
                if best_score < score:
                    best_score = score
        else:
            best_score = 1000
            for score in scores:
                if best_score > score:
                    best_score = score
        grid[cell] = 0
    if depth == 0:
        grid[scores.index(best_score)] = player
        show_grid()
    scores.clear()
    return best_score



# example
print(minimax([-1,1,-1,1,1,0,1,-1,0],-1,1000,0))

Answer 1

问题出在您的empty_spots上，您从未清除过它，因此您总是在检查以前的（空）单元格。

def find_empty_spots(grid):
    empty_spots = []
    for cell in range(9):
        if grid[cell] == 0:
            empty_spots.append(cell)
    return empty_spots

添加了empty_spots = []，以便在每次调用前清除列表，否则，您只是将单元格附加到已经存在的列表上。

还有另一件事-list = find_empty_spots(grid)是非常错误的，不要使用关键字作为变量名，正确的方式应该是lst = find_empty_spots(grid)，或者更好的是一些有意义的名称empty_cells = find_empty_spots(grid)

使用python在Tic，Tac，Toe中使用Minimax算法：递归不会结束

1 个答案: