当前,我有一个实现CommandLineRunner
并使用Commons CLI解析命令行参数的组件。
java -jar app.jar --host 123.123.222 --port 8080
还有另一个组件Requester
,它取决于这些参数(的一部分)。
@Component
public class Requester
{
// host and port need to be configured once
private final String host;
private final int port;
public Requester(String host, int port)
{
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
}
public boolean doRequest(String name) throws Exception
{
String url = "http://" + host + ":" + port + "/?command=" + name;
URL obj = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) obj.openConnection();
int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
return 200 == responseCode;
}
}
我该怎么做才能将已配置的Requester
自动连接到将来的组件中? Spring创建参数化单例bean的方式是什么?
一种解决方案是让每个与程序参数有任何依赖性的组件都实现CommandLineRunner
。这样,它可以解析程序参数本身,但这是一种高度冗余的方法。必须有更好的解决方案。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
您是否已检查注释@Value?它允许您在运行时从属性文件中插入值。每次需要从资源注入一些外部价值时,都应该使用该资源。例如,您的代码可以是:
@Component
public class Requester
{
@Value("${host}")
private final String host;
@Value("${port}")
private final int port;
public boolean doRequest(String name) throws Exception
{
String url = "http://" + host + ":" + port + "/?command=" + name;
URL obj = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) obj.openConnection();
int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
return 200 == responseCode;
}
}
在您的application.properties
文件中:
...
host = myhost
port = 1234
...
如果要将参数作为命令行参数传递,则可以像执行操作一样简单地调用命令:
java -jar app.jar --host 123.123.222 --port 8080
这些参数将覆盖属性文件中的参数,因为它们的优先级更高,如documentation所示。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
使用帖子@PostConstruct
进行处理。
假设这是您的CommandLineRunner
实现:
@Component
public class CLIArgs implements CommandLineRunner {
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
// Parse the args, and for each arg set system property
System.setProperty("ArgName", "value");
}
}
然后为所需的所有args创建Getter,然后Requester
将如下所示:
@Component
public class Requester {
@Autowired
private Environment env; // This is a spring component
// host and port need to be configured once
private String host;
private int port;
@PostConstruct
public void init () {
this.host = env.getProperty("host");
this.port = Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("port"));
}
public boolean doRequest(String name) throws Exception {
String url = "http://" + host + ":" + port + "/?command=" + name;
URL obj = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) obj.openConnection();
int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
return 200 == responseCode;
}
}
@PostConstruct
将在创建组件时发生
答案 2 :(得分:1)
受JB Nizet的评论启发,我现在解析命令行参数并在启动Spring应用程序之前手动注册bean。
我确定了两种方法:提供c'tor参数,让Spring创建bean或为Spring提供供应商功能。
现在可以在应用程序的其他部分声明@Autowire private Requester requester;
。
为了使该解决方案有效,需要从@Component
中删除Requester
批注,因为否则,当Spring无法提供必要的构造函数参数时,可能会出现问题。
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// parse args here
String host = getHost();
int port = getPort();
SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(Application.class);
// provide c'tor arguments and let Spring create the instance
BeanDefinitionCustomizer bdc = bd -> {
// working with bd.getPropertyValues() uses setter instead of c'tor
ConstructorArgumentValues values = bd.getConstructorArgumentValues();
values.addIndexedArgumentValue(0, host);
values.addIndexedArgumentValue(1, port);
};
application.addInitializers((GenericApplicationContext ctx) -> ctx.registerBean(Requester.class, bdc));
// or create the instance yourself
Requester requester = new Requester(host, port);
application.addInitializers((GenericApplicationContext ctx) -> ctx.registerBean(Requester.class, () -> requester));
application.run(args);
}
}