Question

编辑：如果它对上下文有所帮助，我实际上是在尝试将其推广到for和while循环中，在这里我希望这样的东西可以工作

if dictA[certainkey:'certainvalue'] == dictB[certainkey:'certainvalue']:
    return True

原始问题：有没有一种方法可以比较Python3中两个字典中的相同键，看它们是否具有相同的值？

例如，说

dictA = {1:'Y', 2:'E', 3:'E'}
dictB = {1:'Y', 2:'A', 3:'W'}

如果dictA中的一组键值对与dictB中的同一组键值对匹配，我希望程序为我返回True值。在这种情况下，键1在dictA和dictB中都与值“ Y”配对。我不知道是否有好的方法可以做到这一点，所以我自然尝试了

print(dictA[1:'Y'] == dictB[1:'Y'])

希望能印出我的真相。由于它不起作用（而且我对字典还不了解），我想知道是否还有其他方法可以做到这一点。谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以在相等（键，值）对上合并字典，然后对合并的字典运行后续检查。

select

创建def rock_paper_scissors(): playerScore = 0 computerScore = 0 print("") player = input("Choose Rock, Paper, or Scissors: ") player = player.lower() choices = ["rock", "paper", "scissors"] computer = random.choice(choices) if player == computer: print("I chose " + str(computer) + " and you chose " + player + ". It's a tie!") elif player == "rock" and computer == "scissors": playerScore += 1 print("I chose " + str(computer) + " and you chose " + player + ". Congratulations! You won! " + player + " beats " + str(computer) + ".") elif player == "paper" and computer == "rock": playerScore += 1 print("I chose " + str(computer) + " and you chose " + player + ". Congratulations! You won! " + player + " beats " + str(computer) + ".") elif player == "scissors" and computer == "paper": playerScore += 1 print("I chose " + str(computer) + " and you chose " + player + ". Congratulations! You won! " + player + " beats " + str(computer) + ".") elif computer == "rock" and player == "scissors": computerScore += 1 print("I chose " + str(computer) + " and you chose " + player + ". You lost! " + str(computer) + " beats " + player + ".") elif computer == "paper" and player == "rock": computerScore += 1 print("I chose " + str(computer) + " and you chose " + player + ". You lost! " + str(computer) + " beats " + player + ".") elif computer == "scissors" and player == "paper": computerScore += 1 print("I chose " + str(computer) + " and you chose " + player + ". You lost! " + str(computer) + " beats " + player + ".") else: print("Sorry, but you entered an invalid option. The game has ended. See below for the final score. Thank you for playing") print("") print("Your score:", str(playerScore) + ", Computer score:", str(computerScore)) return playerScore, computerScore playerFinal = 0 computerFinal = 0 while True: player, computer = rock_paper_scissors() playerFinal += player computerFinal += computer print("Your score:", str(playerFinal) + ", Computer score:", computerFinal)很容易，因为>>> dictA = {1:'Y', 2:'E', 3:'E'} >>> dictB = {1:'Y', 2:'A', 3:'W'} >>> >>> merged = dict(dictA.items() & dictB.items()) >>> merged {1: 'Y'} >>> >>> 1 in merged True >>> 3 in merged False，merged和dict.keys的返回值在诸如联合，交集等操作方面支持dict.values接口等

注意：在您的字典中需要可哈希值。如果您具有不可散列的值，请通过

创建dict.items

set

Answer 2

首先获取字典之间的匹配键，然后使用字典理解来比较每个匹配键。

matching_keys = dictA.keys() & dictB.keys()

>>> {k: dictA[k] == dictB[k] for k in matching_keys}
{1: True, 2: False, 3: False}

要仅获取值匹配的键，请使用列表理解：

keys_with_matching_values = [k for k in matching_keys if dictA[k] == dictB[k]]
# Or: [k for k in dictA if k in dictA and dictA[k] == dictB[k]]

>>> keys_with_matching_values
[1]

请注意，这两种方法都可以提高内存效率，因为不必将匹配值存储在字典中。

Answer 3

for key in dictA
    i = 0
    if key in dictA:
        word = dictA[0][i]
        if dictA[0][i] == dictB[0][0]:
            print(word + 'matches dict 0')
        if dictA[0][i] == dictB[0][1]:
            print(word + 'matches dict 1')
        if dictA[0][i] == dictB[0][2]:
            print(word + 'matches dict 2')
            i += 1

我在工作中的班车上写得很快，它马虎，我可以为dictB做个循环。但这应该可以使查找单词的过程自动化。（但可能不起作用，因为我写得很快）

Answer 4

您可以做您在列表理解中提到的事情

print([True if dicta[k] == dictb[k] else False for k in dicta])
# [True, False, False]

扩展

for k in dicta:
    if dicta[k] == dictb[k]:
        print(True)
    else:
        print(False)

Python3：比较两个字典之间的一对特定的键和值

4 个答案: