Question

我希望能够读取一个文件夹中的一堆文件夹，并从最近/当前月份（12个月）开始每月列出一次，并由浏览器中的水平标尺分隔。谢谢！

for directory in $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -print | egrep -v "^\.$")
 do
    date_file=$(date -r $directory +"%B")
    echo '<div class="month_txt">'$date_file'</div>' >>  $FILE
    echo '<hr />' >>  $FILE
    echo '<div class="folder">'$directory'</div>' >>  $FILE 
done

阅读：

FOLDER_A FOLDER_B FOLDER_C FOLDER_D FOLDER_E

输出：

八月： FOLDER_A FOLDER_C

9月： FOLDER_D

12月： FOLDER_E

一月： FOLDER_B

Answer 1

如果我正确理解了您的要求，该怎么办？

#!/bin/bash

FILE="./test.html"

declare -A ym2mo    # map "1809" to "September"
declare -A dirlist  # list of dirname for each yymm
declare -a ymlist   # list of yymm like "1809" ...

while read -r yymm month dir; do
    if [ -z "${ym2mo[$yymm]}" ]; then
        ym2mo[$yymm]="$month"
        ymlist+=("$yymm")
        dirlist[$yymm]="$dir"
    else
        dirlist[$yymm]+=" $dir"
    fi
done < <(
# a process substitution to generate a list of dirs and sort them
# as newest in top and oldest in bottom.
# Then the result is fed to the while loop above.
for dir in $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec basename {} \; | egrep -v "^\.$"); do
    month=$(date -r $dir +%B)
    yymm=$(date -r $dir +%y%m)
    echo "$yymm" "$month" "$dir"
done | sort -r -k1)

# finally generate the html fragment
for yymm in ${ymlist[@]}; do
    cat << EOS >> "$FILE"
    <div class="month_txt">"${ym2mo[$yymm]}"</div>
    <hr />
    <div class="folder">"${dirlist[$yymm]}"</div>
EOS
done

说明：

关键问题是我们如何按（反向）时间顺序对月份进行排序。我介绍了一个临时字段yymm，该字段在“ 2018年9月”中分别以两位数字表示年和月为“ 1809”，因此我们可以将其用作键来对列表进行排序。

另一个技巧是替换进程，以禁止创建临时文件以对列表进行排序。

希望这会有所帮助。

如果declare -A由于bash版本不起作用，则可以使用AWK：

#!/bin/bash

FILE="./test.html"

for dir in $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec basename {} \; | egrep -v "^\.$"); do
    month=$(date -r $dir +%B)
    yymm=$(date -r $dir +%y%m)
    echo "$yymm" "$month" "$dir"
done | sort -r -k1 | awk '{
    # gather the list
    if ($1 in ym2mo) {
        dirlist[$1] = dirlist[$1] " " $3
    } else {
        ym2mo[$1] = $2
        dirlist[$1] = $3
        ymlist = ymlist " " $1
    }
}
END {
    # format and print the result
    len = split(ymlist, ary)
    for (i = 1; i <= len; i++) {
        yymm = ary[i]
        print "<div class=\"month_txt\">" ym2mo[yymm] "</div>"
        print "<hr />"
        print "<div class=\"folder\">" dirlist[yymm] "</div>"
    }
}' >> $FILE

下面的代码演示了如何将shell变量值传递给AWK脚本：

#!/bin/bash

FILE="./test.html"
hrefpath="/path/to/the/href"
newdir="mynewdir"

for dir in $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec basename {} \; | egrep -v "^\.$"); do
    month=$(date -r $dir +%B)
    yymm=$(date -r $dir +%y%m)
    echo "$yymm" "$month" "$dir"
done | sort -r -k1 | awk -v param1="$hrefpath" -v param2="$newdir" '{
    # see the line above how you can pass shell variable values to AWK.
    # you can refer to param1 and param2 in the lines below.
    # add "-v var=val" pairs if you need more.
    if ($1 in ym2mo) {
        dirlist[$1] = dirlist[$1] " " $3
    } else {
        ym2mo[$1] = $2
        dirlist[$1] = $3
        ymlist = ymlist " " $1
    }
}
END {
    len = split(ymlist, ary)
    for (i = 1; i <= len; i++) {
        yymm = ary[i]
        print "<div class=\"month_txt\">" ym2mo[yymm] "</div>"
        print "<hr />"
        print "<div class=\"folder\">" dirlist[yymm] "</div>"
        print "<a href=\"" param1 "\"><img src=\"" param2 "/thumb.jpg\" height=\"250\" width=\"300\"/></a>"
    }
}' >> $FILE

最后，这是不带关联数组的纯bash版本：

#!/bin/bash

FILE="./test.html"

print_html() {
    cat << EOS >> "$3"
    <div class="month_txt">"$1"</div>
    <hr />
    <div class="folder">"$2"</div>
EOS
}

while read -r p1 p2 p3; do
    if [ -z "$prev_p1" ]; then              # 1st line
        month="$p2"
        dir="$p3"
    elif [ "$p1" = "$prev_p1" ]; then       # same month as prev line
        dir="$dir $p3"
    else
        print_html "$month" "$dir" "$FILE"
        month="$p2"
        dir="$p3"
    fi
    prev_p1="$p1"                   # keep yymm value for next

done < <(
for dir in $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d -exec basename {} \; | egrep -v "^\.$"); do
    month=$(date -r $dir +%B)
    yymm=$(date -r $dir +%y%m)
    echo "$yymm" "$month" "$dir"
done | sort -r -k1
)
print_html "$month" "$dir" "$FILE"  # flush the last line

Bash Shell脚本：读取文件夹的修改日期，并按月列出它们

1 个答案: