Oracle-如何在分层查询中使用联接并避免使用笛卡尔积

时间:2018-09-06 09:54:16

标签: sql oracle hierarchical-data

我需要从两个表中选择数据-首先是保存层次结构数据(STR表),另一个是层次结构的起点(REQ表),我需要选择层次结构,并将其与REQ表中的另一列组合。

这里是一个例子:

CREATE TABLE REQ (prop int,          ord  varchar2(10));
CREATE TABLE STR (par  varchar2(10), chld varchar2(10));

INSERT INTO REQ VALUES (100,'A');
INSERT INTO REQ VALUES (101,'A');
INSERT INTO REQ VALUES (102,'B');
INSERT INTO STR VALUES ('A','A1');
INSERT INTO STR VALUES ('A','A2');
INSERT INTO STR VALUES ('A1','A3');
INSERT INTO STR VALUES ('A2','A5');
INSERT INTO STR VALUES ('A3','A6');
INSERT INTO STR VALUES ('B','B1');
INSERT INTO STR VALUES ('B','B2');

STR表中的基本查询提供了以下层次结构:

SELECT par, chld, level
FROM STR
CONNECT BY PRIOR chld = par
START WITH PAR IN (SELECT ord FROM REQ WHERE prop = 100);

Hierarhy可以:

PAR        CHLD            LEVEL
---------- ---------- ----------
A          A1                  1
A1         A3                  2
A3         A6                  3
A          A2                  1
A2         A5                  2

我需要添加到prop表中的列REQ的结果值中。 我希望得到以下结果:

PAR        CHLD            LEVEL  PROP 
---------- ---------- ---------- ----- 
A          A1                  1   100   
A1         A3                  2   100
A3         A6                  3   100
A          A2                  1   100
A2         A5                  2   100

当我尝试在JOIN和CONNECT BY中合并两个表时,我得到了类似笛卡尔积的东西,有些行是重复的:

SELECT STR.par, STR.chld, level, REQ.prop, REQ.ord
FROM STR
,    REQ
WHERE REQ.prop = 100
CONNECT BY PRIOR STR.chld = STR.par
START WITH STR.PAR = REQ.ord;

结果不是我想要的:

PAR        CHLD            LEVEL       PROP ORD      
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
A          A1                  1        100 A         
A1         A3                  2        100 A         
A3         A6                  3        100 A         
A3         A6                  3        100 A        ! extra
A3         A6                  3        100 A        ! rows !
A1         A3                  2        100 A        !
A3         A6                  3        100 A        ! 
A3         A6                  3        100 A        ! 
A3         A6                  3        100 A        ! 
A          A2                  1        100 A         
A2         A5                  2        100 A         
A2         A5                  2        100 A        ! 
12 rows selected 

我有某种方法可以更正查询以获取预期数据吗?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

以下查询应该可以解决问题-不知道它是否理想,但可以正常工作:

SELECT DISTINCT STR.par, STR.chld, level
     , connect_by_root req.prop AS prop
     , connect_by_root req.ord AS ord
  FROM str
  LEFT JOIN REQ
    ON REQ.ord = str.par
CONNECT BY PRIOR STR.chld = STR.par
  START WITH REQ.prop = 100

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我找到了另一种方式-不知道它是否理想,但似乎可行:

SELECT STR.par, STR.chld, level, REQ.prop, REQ.ord
FROM STR
,    REQ
CONNECT BY PRIOR STR.chld = STR.par
AND        PRIOR REQ.prop = REQ.prop
START WITH STR.PAR = REQ.ord AND REQ.prop = 100;