我正在尝试创建一个将通过http协议与服务器通信的Android应用程序。我正在使用Retrofit向服务器发送GET请求,但是我总是收到以下错误:
java.net.UnknownServiceException: CLEARTEXT communication to http://demo5373349.mockable.io/ not permitted by network security policy
虽然尝试通过https到达服务器时不存在此类问题,但我也会编写服务器端,并且应该使用http。
代码如下:
private TextView textView;
private EditText editText;
private Button getButton;
private Retrofit retrofit;
private ServerConnection connection;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl("http://demo5373349.mockable.io/")
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
connection = retrofit.create(ServerConnection.class);
textView = findViewById(R.id.textView);
editText = findViewById(R.id.editText);
getButton = findViewById(R.id.buttonGET);
getButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
getHandler();
}
});
}
private void getHandler(){
connection.sendGET().enqueue(new Callback<Message>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<Message> call, Response<Message> response) {
if(response.isSuccessful()) {
textView.setText(response.body().toString());
}else {
textView.setText("Server Error");
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(Call<Message> call, Throwable t) {
textView.setText("Connection Error");
}
});
}
和界面:
public interface ServerConnection {
@GET("./")
Call<Message> sendGET();
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
从Android 9.0(SDK 28)开始,默认情况下使用明文网络通信处于禁用状态。参见Android 9.0 (SDK 28) cleartext disabled
按照安全性偏好设置,您有几种选择:
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
来为应用程序提供明文支持。要将网络安全文件添加到您的项目,您需要做两件事。您需要将文件规范添加到清单中:
<application android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config" .../>
第二,创建文件res / xml / network_security_config.xml并指定您的安全需求:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
<domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
<domain includeSubdomains="true">insecure.example.com</domain>
</domain-config>
</network-security-config>