我想为我的Django项目mysite创建一个Docker映像，该映像具有两个应用程序轨道和一个用户。我使用docker build -t mysite构建了我的docker镜像。我已经在dockerhub上写了一个Dockerfile。然后我创建了docker-compose.yml文件和在docker-compose文件中使用的bash脚本entypoint.sh。
这些是我的文件：
Dockerfile：
FROM django:onbuild
COPY entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh
docker-compose.yml：
version: '3'
services:
db:
image: postgres
container_name: postgres_container
environment:
- POSTGRES_USER=postgres
- POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres
- POSTGRES_DB=postgres
ports:
- 5432:5432
web:
image: mysite:latest
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
container_name: mysite_container
ports:
- "8000:8000"
depends_on:
- db
entrypoint: /entrypoint.sh
entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/sh
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
exec "$@"
所以当我想启动整个容器时，我使用了以下命令
docker build .
docker-compose build
docker-compose up
我的postgres_containter成功启动，但是mysite_container引发以下错误：
mysite_container | Traceback (most recent call last):
mysite_container | File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
mysite_container | execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
mysite_container | utility.execute()
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
mysite_container | self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
mysite_container | self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
mysite_container | output = self.handle(*args, **options)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 79, in handle
mysite_container | executor = MigrationExecutor(connection, self.migration_progress_callback)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 18, in __init__
mysite_container | self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 49, in __init__
mysite_container | self.build_graph()
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 207, in build_graph
mysite_container | self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 61, in applied_migrations
mysite_container | if self.has_table():
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 44, in has_table
mysite_container | return self.Migration._meta.db_table in self.connection.introspection.table_names(self.connection.cursor())
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 255, in cursor
mysite_container | return self._cursor()
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 232, in _cursor
mysite_container | self.ensure_connection()
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 216, in ensure_connection
mysite_container | self.connect()
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
mysite_container | raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 216, in ensure_connection
mysite_container | self.connect()
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 194, in connect
mysite_container | self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 168, in get_new_connection
mysite_container | connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
mysite_container | File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 130, in connect
mysite_container | conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
mysite_container | django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not connect to server: Connection refused
mysite_container | Is the server running on host "localhost" (127.0.0.1) and accepting
mysite_container | TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
mysite_container | could not connect to server: Cannot assign requested address
mysite_container | Is the server running on host "localhost" (::1) and accepting
mysite_container | TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
settings.py中的数据库是
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'postgres',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'postgres',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '5432',
}
}
那么，有谁知道我为什么会收到此错误？当我执行docker-compose up时，我的postgres在本地主机上的端口5432上成功运行，但是似乎我的Web容器未检测到该行为。我应该在Docker文件中进行哪些更改才能正常运行mysite_container？
编辑：现在，我在docker-compose.yml的Web服务中添加了新的settings_docker.py，并将主机设置为“ db”文件，并将环境变量DOCKER_SETTINGS_MODULE = mysite.settins_docker添加到了我的Web服务中，并且容器正常启动，但是我没有没有我的数据库关系。那么，如何将这些关系迁移到docker？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
在django容器中，postgres容器看起来像另一台服务器。您不应使用localhost作为主机名。而是使用容器名称。因此，在Django配置中设置以下内容：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'HOST': 'db', # container name for postgres
[...]
https://docs.docker.com/compose/networking/
默认情况下，Compose为您的应用设置单个网络。每 服务的容器加入默认网络，并且两者都是 可被该网络上的其他容器访问，并被 它们的主机名与容器名称相同。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我将在这里在黑暗中拍摄照片，并说您的DATABASES设置在settings.py中不正确。
它需要类似于：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'postgres',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'postgres',
'HOST': 'db',
'PORT': '5432',
}
}
编辑：docker-compose.yml文件直接从上面的链接改编而成：
version: '3'
services:
db:
image: postgres
environment:
- POSTGRES_USER=postgres
- POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres
- POSTGRES_DB=postgres
web:
image: mysite:latest
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
container_name: mysite_container
ports:
- "8000:8000"
depends_on:
- db
entrypoint: /entrypoint.sh