我正在尝试使用csv模块读取utf-8 csv文件,由于编码,我在创建python 2和3的通用代码时遇到了一些麻烦。
以下是Python 2.7中的原始代码:
with open(filename, 'rb') as csvfile:
csv_reader = csv.reader(csvfile, quotechar='\"')
langs = next(csv_reader)[1:]
for row in csv_reader:
pass
但是当我用python 3运行它时,它不喜欢我没有“编码”打开文件的事实。我试过这个:
with codecs.open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as csvfile:
csv_reader = csv.reader(csvfile, quotechar='\"')
langs = next(csv_reader)[1:]
for row in csv_reader:
pass
现在python 2无法解码“for”循环中的行。那么......我该怎么做?
答案 0 :(得分:13)
实际上,在Python 2中,文件应该以二进制模式打开,但在Python 3中以文本模式打开。 Also in Python 3 newline=''
should be specified(你忘了)。
你必须在if-block中打开文件。
import sys
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
infile = open(filename, 'rb')
else:
infile = open(filename, 'r', newline='', encoding='utf8')
with infile as csvfile:
...
答案 1 :(得分:2)
更新:虽然原始答案中的代码有效,但我同时在https://pypi.python.org/pypi/csv342发布了一个小程序包,它为Python 2提供了类似Python 3的界面。所以你的Python版本独立于你可以简单地做一个
import csv342 as csv
import io
with io.open('some.csv', 'r', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as csv_file:
for row in csv.reader(csv_file, delimiter='|'):
print(row)
原始答案:这是一个解决方案,即使使用Python 2,实际上也会将文本解码为Unicode字符串,因此可以使用UTF-8以外的编码。
下面的代码定义了一个函数csv_rows()
,它将文件的内容作为列表序列返回。用法示例:
for row in csv_rows('some.csv', encoding='iso-8859-15', delimiter='|'):
print(row)
以下是csv_rows()
的两个变体:一个用于Python 3+,另一个用于Python 2.6+。在运行时,它会自动选择适当的变体。 UTF8Recoder
和UnicodeReader
是examples in the Python 2.7 library documentation的逐字副本。
import csv
import io
import sys
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
# Python 3 variant.
def csv_rows(csv_path, encoding, **keywords):
with io.open(csv_path, 'r', newline='', encoding=encoding) as csv_file:
for row in csv.reader(csv_file, **keywords):
yield row
else:
# Python 2 variant.
import codecs
class UTF8Recoder:
"""
Iterator that reads an encoded stream and reencodes the input to UTF-8
"""
def __init__(self, f, encoding):
self.reader = codecs.getreader(encoding)(f)
def __iter__(self):
return self
def next(self):
return self.reader.next().encode("utf-8")
class UnicodeReader:
"""
A CSV reader which will iterate over lines in the CSV file "f",
which is encoded in the given encoding.
"""
def __init__(self, f, dialect=csv.excel, encoding="utf-8", **kwds):
f = UTF8Recoder(f, encoding)
self.reader = csv.reader(f, dialect=dialect, **kwds)
def next(self):
row = self.reader.next()
return [unicode(s, "utf-8") for s in row]
def __iter__(self):
return self
def csv_rows(csv_path, encoding, **kwds):
with io.open(csv_path, 'rb') as csv_file:
for row in UnicodeReader(csv_file, encoding=encoding, **kwds):
yield row
答案 2 :(得分:0)
旧问题我知道,但我正在研究如何做到这一点。以防有人遇到这个并且可能会发现它有用。
这就是我解决了我的问题,感谢Lennart Regebro的暗示。 :
if sys.version > '3':
rd = csv.reader(open(input_file, 'r', newline='',
encoding='iso8859-1'), delimiter=';', quotechar='"')
else:
rd = csv.reader(open(input_file, 'rb'), delimiter=';',
quotechar='"')
然后做你需要做的事情:
for row in rd:
......