Question

我在Perl脚本中具有三个函数来解析Excel文件以获得所需的输出Excel文件。我获得了正确的输出，但是出现错误

文件错误：数据可能已丢失

可能的根本原因是在同一Excel单元中两次写入文件。

如何在维护脚本中的功能的同时消除此错误？

输入文件

  A             B
Apples       Carrots
Oranges      Broccoli
Grapes       Spinach

期望输出文件

  A             B
Apples       Carrots
Oranges      Broccoli
PEACHES      ASPARAGUS

Perl代码

use v5.10.0;
use warnings;

use Spreadsheet::ParseExcel;
use Spreadsheet::ParseExcel::SaveParser;
use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel;

my $parser     = Spreadsheet::ParseExcel::SaveParser->new();
my $workbook_R = $parser->parse('C:\Perl\databases\Fruits_and_Veggies.xls');

my $workbook_W  = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new('C:\Perl\databases\New_Fruits_and_Veggies.xls');
my $worksheet_W = $workbook_W->add_worksheet();

for our $worksheet_R ( $workbook_R->worksheets() ) {

    my ( $row_min, $row_max ) = $worksheet_R->row_range();
    my ( $col_min, $col_max ) = $worksheet_R->col_range(); 

    for our $row ( $row_min .. $row_max ) {

        for our $col ( $col_min .. $col_max ) {

            FruitStand();

            VeggieStand();

            ComboStand();


            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            # sub FruitStand - parsing: replace Grapes with PEACHES
            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            sub FruitStand {

                # if the cell contains Grapes write 'PEACHES' instead
                my $cell_grapes = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );

                if ( $cell_grapes->value() =~ /Grapes/ ) {
                    $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"PEACHES");
                }
            }


            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            # sub VeggieStand - parsing: repalce Spinach with ASPARAGUS
            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            sub VeggieStand {

                # if the cell contains Spinach write 'ASPARAGUS' instead
                my $cell_veggies = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
                # my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );

                if (/ $cell_veggies->value() =~ /Spinach/ ) {
                    $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"ASPARAGUS");
                }
            }

            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            # Writing all fruits and veggies with the 2 changes (PEACHES and ASPARAGUS)
            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            sub ComboStand {

                my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
                $worksheet_W->write($row, $col, $cell->value()) ;
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

正如您所说，错误消息是由于一个单元被多次写入所致。您可以通过确保每个单元只写入一次来消除错误消息。由于您的三个子例程具有非常相似的功能，因此可以将它们组合为可以执行所有操作的单行集合，并使用if / else级联来决定应采取的操作。

for our $row ( $row_min .. $row_max ) {
  for our $col ( $col_min .. $col_max ) {

    my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
    if($cell->value() =~ /Spinach/) {
      $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"ASPARAGUS");
    }
    elsif($cell->value() =~ /Grapes/) {
      $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"PEACHES");
    }
    else {
      $worksheet_W->write($row, $col, $cell->value()) ;
    }
  }
}

如果必须保留这些函数，我建议采用类似的方法，在该函数中，您可以使用当前单元格并对它进行任何适当的转换，然后返回准备输出的文本。这样可以避免重复读取单元格并将单元格写出子例程：

for our $row ( $row_min .. $row_max ) {
  for our $col ( $col_min .. $col_max ) {
    my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
    $worksheet_w->write( $row, $col, produce_check($cell->value) );
  }
}

执行交换的produce_check子项也是进行任何文本规范化或您可能想对输入进行其他检查的好地方，例如删除多余的空格，将所有输出设置为标题大小写，等等。

sub produce_check {
  my $prod = shift;
  # maybe we have to make sure there's no trailing whitespace on $prod
  $prod =~ s/\s*$//;
  my %swaps = (
    grapes => 'peaches',
    spinach => 'asparagus',
    tins => 'cans',
    zuchini => 'zucchini'
  );
  # is $prod one of pieces of produce we have to swap?
  # perhaps our input is in a mixture of cases, uppercase, lowercase, titlecase
  # to avoid having to add all those variations to the %swaps hash, we convert
  # to lowercase using `lc`
  if ( $swaps{ lc($prod) } ) {
    $prod = $swaps{ lc($prod) };
  }
  # this line uses `ucfirst($prod)` to convert all output to titlecase.
  # You could also convert everything to lowercase ( `lc($prod)` ), to
  # uppercase ( `uc($prod)` ), or just leave it as-is by using `return $prod;`
  return ucfirst( $prod );
}

解析Excel数据会引发“文件错误”

输入文件

期望输出文件

Perl代码

1 个答案: