Question

我宣布金额为浮动金额。当我将值乘以100并将其插入“ int”变量时，该值将变为419 ...为什么会发生这种情况？

#include <stdio.h>
#include <cs50.h>
#include <math.h>

float amount;
int cents, coins, quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies, Q, D, N, P;
int main(void){

do
{
    amount = get_float("How much we talkin?\n");
}
while (amount < 0);
        printf("cents = %.55f\n", amount);
cents = amount * 100;
        printf("cents = %i\n", cents);
quarters = cents % 25;
    Q = cents / 25;
        printf("quarters = %i\n", quarters);
dimes = quarters % 10;
    D = quarters / 10;
        printf("dimes = %i\n", dimes);
nickels = dimes % 5;
    N = dimes / 5;
        printf("nickels = %i\n", nickels);
pennies = nickels % 1;
    P = nickels / 1;
        printf("pennies = %i\n", pennies);
coins = Q+D+N+P;

    printf("%i\n", coins);

}

~/workspace/pset1/cash/ $ ./cash
How much we talkin?
4.2
cents = 4.1999998092651367187500000000000000000000000000000000000
cents = 419
quarters = 19
dimes = 9
nickels = 4
pennies = 0
22

...该链接有所帮助。谢谢！

Answer 1

谢谢，我解决了此问题，方法是将用户输入作为浮点数，将该值乘以100，然后四舍五入为最接近的整数。下面的代码有效，而不是世界上最干净的解决方案。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <cs50.h>
#include <math.h>

float amount;
int cents, coins, quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies, Q, D, N, P;
int main(void){

do
{
    amount = get_float("How much we talkin?\n");
}
while (amount < 0);
    // Print float input to see value is not precise
    printf("amount = %.55f\n", amount);

// Multiply amount by 100, then round to nearest
cents = roundf(amount * 100);
    printf("cents = %i\n", cents);

// *Quarters*
quarters = cents % 25;
    Q = cents / 25;
    printf("quarters = %i\n", Q);

// *Dimes*
dimes = quarters % 10;
    D = quarters / 10;
    printf("dimes = %i\n", D);

// *Nickels*
nickels = dimes % 5;
    N = dimes / 5;
    printf("nickels = %i\n", N);

// *Pennies*
pennies = nickels % 1;
    P = nickels / 1;
    printf("pennies = %i\n", P);

// Add up all the coins
coins = Q+D+N+P;

    printf("%i\n", coins);

}


~/workspace/pset1/cash/ $ ./cash
How much we talkin?
4.2
amount = 4.1999998092651367187500000000000000000000000000000000000
cents = 420
quarters = 16
dimes = 2
nickels = 0
pennies = 0
18

Answer 2

要了解此问题，您需要了解浮点数如何以二进制形式存储在内存中。

您还需要了解C的类型转换在转换为整数时会截断一个浮点数。

数字4.2存储为：

1 x 4
0 x 2
0 x 1
0 x 0.5
0 x 0.25
1 x 0.125
1 x 0.0625
0 x 0.03125
0 x 0.015625
1 x 0.0078125
1 x 0.00390625
等

总和为4.199（最终约为4.199999，但从不为4.2）

乘以100可得到419.999（等），而将其截断则得到419，而不是420。

解决方案（如您所见）是确保您是ROUND而不是TRUNC

为什么将浮点值转换为int时值会改变

2 个答案: