防止CSS工具提示跳出页面/窗口

时间：2018-06-21 13:55:13

标签： javascript jquery css tooltip

我有一个仅CSS的工具提示，当您span链接时会加载hover作为工具提示。但是，这是用CSS定位的，但是如果链接位于页面顶部或侧面附近，则工具提示会偏离页面的侧面/顶部。

css是否可以进行此更改，还是必须依靠JS？ 我已经开始尝试将某些东西与jQuery放在一起，但在可能的情况下宁愿使用CSS。

JS在https://jsfiddle.net/gtoprh21/12/摆弄

摘要：

$( ".ktooltip" )
.mouseover(function(e) {
   var mousex = e.pageX + 20; //Get X coordinates
   var mousey = e.pageY + 10; //Get Y coordinates
   if((mousey+100)>$(window).height())
   {

    $('.tooltip')
    .css({ top: mousey-100 ,left: mousex })

   }
   else if((mousex+200)>$(window).width())
   {
      $('.tooltip')
    .css({ top: mousey ,left: mousex-200})

   }
   else
    {
   $('.tooltip')
    .css({ top: mousey, left: mousex })

    }
})
.ref, .refs {
  position:relative;
}
/*added a text indent to overide indent styles further down*/
.ktooltip {
    display: inline-block;
    text-indent:0em;
}

.ref .ktooltiptext, .refs .ktooltiptext {
  visibility:hidden;
  width: 200px;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 5px 5px;
  top: -40px;
  left: 10px;
  border:2px solid grey;
  line-height: normal;

    /* Position the tooltip */
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 1;
}

.ref:hover .ktooltiptext, .refs:hover .ktooltiptext {
    visibility: visible;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<p>
 <span id="edtxt.trans1" class="tei l">My hope is in a bishop,
 <!--link to a reference -->
   <sup class="ref expl">
     <a href="#edtxt-explnote1" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote1" class="ktooltip">1</a>
       <!-- lhe reference in a tooltip -->
       <span class="ktooltiptext">According to tradition <span style="name">Nicholas</span> was bishop of Myra in Lycia (south-west Turkey today).</span>
   </sup>
  </span><br>
  <span id="trans2" class="tei l">and in almighty God and his never-ending miracles.</span><br>
  <span id="trans3" class="tei l">Generous Saint Nicholas holds an office,</span><br>
  <span id="trans4" class="tei l">there is a gold symbol in his sign.
    <!-- likn to ref -->
    <sup class="ref expl">
      <a href="#edtxt-explnote2" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote2" class="ktooltip">2</a>
        <!-- the tooltip -->
        <span class="ktooltiptext"> One of <span style="">Nicholas’s</span> symbols was three <sup>bags</sup> of gold <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">which</span> were the <span style="color: red;">dowry</span> he provided <span style="color: blue;">for</span> three <span style="color: green;">girls</span>
        </span>
    </sup>
   </span><br>
   </p>

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：18)

不幸的是，如果您想保持工具提示的良好定位，就不可能仅使用CSS。

脚本解决方案

但是，由于您已经在使用某些脚本，因此建议您使用以下解决方案：

  • 使用position: absolute将.ktooltiptext定位到.ref，
  • 使用.getBoundingClientRect()方法轻松获得工具提示的位置和大小，
  • 如果超出window，请应用一些更正，
  • 还对CSS进行了一些修改。

仅包含本机JavaScript的代码段 （避免使用jQuery，文档会更浅。） 

var ktooltips = document.querySelectorAll(".ktooltip");
ktooltips.forEach(function(ktooltip, index){                // For each ktooltip
  ktooltip.addEventListener("mouseover", position_tooltip); // On hover, launch the function below
})

function position_tooltip(){
  // Get .ktooltiptext sibling
  var tooltip = this.parentNode.querySelector(".ktooltiptext");
  
  // Get calculated ktooltip coordinates and size
  var ktooltip_rect = this.getBoundingClientRect();

  var tipX = ktooltip_rect.width + 5; // 5px on the right of the ktooltip
  var tipY = -40;                     // 40px on the top of the ktooltip
  // Position tooltip
  tooltip.style.top = tipY + 'px';
  tooltip.style.left = tipX + 'px';

  // Get calculated tooltip coordinates and size
  var tooltip_rect = tooltip.getBoundingClientRect();
  // Corrections if out of window
  if ((tooltip_rect.x + tooltip_rect.width) > window.innerWidth) // Out on the right
    tipX = -tooltip_rect.width - 5;  // Simulate a "right: tipX" position
  if (tooltip_rect.y < 0)            // Out on the top
    tipY = tipY - tooltip_rect.y;    // Align on the top

  // Apply corrected position
  tooltip.style.top = tipY + 'px';
  tooltip.style.left = tipX + 'px';
}
.ref,
.refs {
  position: relative;
}

.ktooltip {
  display: inline-block;
  text-indent: 0em;
}

.ref .ktooltiptext,
.refs .ktooltiptext {
  visibility: hidden;
  width: 200px;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 5px;       /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  top: -999px;        /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  left: -999px;       /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  border: 2px solid grey;
  line-height: normal;
  position: absolute; /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  z-index: 1;
}

.ref:hover .ktooltiptext,
.refs:hover .ktooltiptext {
  visibility: visible;
}
<p>
  <span id="edtxt.trans1" class="tei l">My hope is in a bishop,
 <!--link to a reference -->
   <sup class="ref expl">
     <a href="#edtxt-explnote1" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote1" class="ktooltip">1</a>
       <!-- the reference in a tooltip -->
       <span class="ktooltiptext">According to tradition <span style="name">Nicholas</span> was bishop of Myra in Lycia (south-west Turkey today).</span>
  </sup>
  </span><br>
  <span id="trans2" class="tei l">and in almighty God and his never-ending miracles.</span><br>
  <span id="trans3" class="tei l">Generous Saint Nicholas holds an office,</span><br>
  <span id="trans4" class="tei l">there is a gold symbol in his sign.
    <!-- link to ref -->
    <sup class="ref expl">
      <a href="#edtxt-explnote2" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote2" class="ktooltip">20</a>
        <!-- the tooltip -->
        <span class="ktooltiptext"> One of <span style="">Nicholas’s</span> symbols was three <sup>bags</sup> of gold <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">which</span> were the <span style="color: red;">dowry</span> he provided <span style="color: blue;">for</span>  three <span style="color: green;">girls</span>
  </span>
  </sup>
  </span><br>
</p>

带有jQuery的代码段 

$(".ktooltip").mouseover(function(e) {
  var tooltip = $(this).siblings('.ktooltiptext'); // Get tooltip element (ktooltiptext)
  var tipX = $(this).outerWidth() + 5;             // 5px on the right of the ktooltip
  var tipY = -40;                                  // 40px on the top of the ktooltip
  tooltip.css({ top: tipY, left: tipX });          // Position tooltip

  // Get calculated tooltip coordinates and size
  var tooltip_rect = tooltip[0].getBoundingClientRect();
  // Corrections if out of window
  if ((tooltip_rect.x + tooltip_rect.width) > $(window).width()) // Out on the right
    tipX = -tooltip_rect.width - 5; // Simulate a "right: tipX" position
  if (tooltip_rect.y < 0)            // Out on the top
    tipY = tipY - tooltip_rect.y;    // Align on the top

  // Apply corrected position
  tooltip.css({ top: tipY, left: tipX }); 
});
.ref,
.refs {
  position: relative;
}

.ktooltip {
  display: inline-block;
  text-indent: 0em;
}

.ref .ktooltiptext,
.refs .ktooltiptext {
  visibility: hidden;
  width: 200px;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 5px;       /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  top: -999px;        /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  left: -999px;       /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  border: 2px solid grey;
  line-height: normal;
  position: absolute; /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  z-index: 1;
}

.ref:hover .ktooltiptext,
.refs:hover .ktooltiptext {
  visibility: visible;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<p>
  <span id="edtxt.trans1" class="tei l">My hope is in a bishop,
 <!--link to a reference -->
   <sup class="ref expl">
     <a href="#edtxt-explnote1" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote1" class="ktooltip">1</a>
       <!-- the reference in a tooltip -->
       <span class="ktooltiptext">According to tradition <span style="name">Nicholas</span> was bishop of Myra in Lycia (south-west Turkey today).</span>
  </sup>
  </span><br>
  <span id="trans2" class="tei l">and in almighty God and his never-ending miracles.</span><br>
  <span id="trans3" class="tei l">Generous Saint Nicholas holds an office,</span><br>
  <span id="trans4" class="tei l">there is a gold symbol in his sign.
    <!-- link to ref -->
    <sup class="ref expl">
      <a href="#edtxt-explnote2" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote2" class="ktooltip">20</a>
        <!-- the tooltip -->
        <span class="ktooltiptext"> One of <span style="">Nicholas’s</span> symbols was three <sup>bags</sup> of gold <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">which</span> were the <span style="color: red;">dowry</span> he provided <span style="color: blue;">for</span>  three <span style="color: green;">girls</span>
  </span>
  </sup>
  </span><br>
</p>

使用上面的任何摘录，您都可以在窗口中玩，以查看弹出窗口不会在右侧出现！它也不应该排在首位。

⋅ ⋅ ⋅

仅CSS建议

现在，如果您对工具提示的位置不太在意，可以在不更改任何HTML的情况下使用此解决方案：

  • 在position: relative;元素上使用span用作参考，
  • 在position: absolute上使用.ktooltiptext，
  • 根据需要使用top和left来放置.ktooltiptext。

使用该解决方案时，工具提示将保持其样式，但会在左侧的span元素下对齐，因此工具提示永远不会在右侧或顶部出现。

p span { /* TAKIT: Changed here */
  position: relative;
}

.ktooltip {
  display: inline-block;
  text-indent: 0em;
}

.ref .ktooltiptext,
.refs .ktooltiptext {
  visibility: hidden;
  width: 200px;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 5px;       /* TAKIT: Simplified here */     
  border: 2px solid grey;
  line-height: normal;
  position: absolute; /* TAKIT: Changed */
  top: 20px;          /* TAKIT: Changed */
  left: 0;            /* TAKIT: Added to always align tooltip on the left of the span */ 
  z-index: 1;
}

.ref:hover .ktooltiptext,
.refs:hover .ktooltiptext {
  visibility: visible;
}
<p>
  <span id="edtxt.trans1" class="tei l">My hope is in a bishop,
 <!--link to a reference -->
   <sup class="ref expl">
     <a href="#edtxt-explnote1" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote1" class="ktooltip">1</a>
       <!-- the reference in a tooltip -->
       <span class="ktooltiptext">According to tradition <span style="name">Nicholas</span> was bishop of Myra in Lycia (south-west Turkey today).</span>
  </sup>
  </span><br>
  <span id="trans2" class="tei l">and in almighty God and his never-ending miracles.</span><br>
  <span id="trans3" class="tei l">Generous Saint Nicholas holds an office,</span><br>
  <span id="trans4" class="tei l">there is a gold symbol in his sign.
    <!-- link to ref -->
    <sup class="ref expl">
      <a href="#edtxt-explnote2" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote2" class="ktooltip">20</a>
        <!-- the tooltip -->
        <span class="ktooltiptext"> One of <span style="">Nicholas’s</span> symbols was three <sup>bags</sup> of gold <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">which</span> were the <span style="color: red;">dowry</span> he provided <span style="color: blue;">for</span>  three <span style="color: green;">girls</span>
  </span>
  </sup>
  </span><br>
</p>

答案 1 :(得分：3)

您可以仅使用CSS而不使用JS来尝试此操作。不是最优雅的工具提示类型，但它永远不会让您失望，也永远不会让您放弃：）

    .ktooltip {
        display: inline-block;
        text-indent:0em;
    }
    
    .ktooltiptext, .ktooltiptext {
    display: none;
        width: calc(100vw - 35px);
        background: #fff;
        border-radius: 6px;
        padding: 5px 5px;
        left: 10px;
        border: 2px solid grey;
        line-height: normal;
        text-decoration: none;
        position: absolute;
        z-index: 1;
    
    }
    
    p {display:inline-block}
    
    .ktooltip:hover + span {
        display: block;
    }
    <p>
     <span id="edtxt.trans1" class="tei l">My hope is in a bishop,
     <!--link to a reference -->
    <div style="display:inline-block">
      <a href="#edtxt-explnote1" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote1" class="ktooltip">1</a>
         
    <span class="ktooltiptext">According to tradition <span style="name">Nicholas</span> was bishop of Myra in Lycia (south-west Turkey today).</span>
    </div>
    
      </span><br>
      <span id="trans2" class="tei l">and in almighty God and his never-ending miracles.    </span><br>
      <span id="trans3" class="tei l">Generous Saint Nicholas holds an office,</span><br>
      <span id="trans4" class="tei l">there is a gold symbol in his sign.
        <!-- likn to ref -->
          <a href="#edtxt-explnote2" id="reference-to-edtxt-explnote2" class="ktooltip">2</a>
            <span class="ktooltiptext" onclick="return false;"> One of <span style="">Nicholas’s</span> symbols was three <sup>bags</sup> of gold <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">which</span> were the <span style="color: red;">dowry</span> he provided <span style="color: blue;">for</span> three <span style="color: green;">girls</span>
            </span>
       </span><br>
       </p>

https://jsfiddle.net/gtoprh21/72/

答案 2 :(得分：1)

只需将此css nd替换为您的班级

.ref .ktooltiptext，.refs .ktooltiptext 

.ref .ktooltiptext, .refs .ktooltiptext {
  visibility:hidden;
  width: 200px;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 5px 5px;
  top: -15px;
  left: 10px;
  border:2px solid grey;
  line-height: normal;

    /* Position the tooltip */
    position: absolute;
    z-index: 1;
}

答案 3 :(得分：1)

尽管整个过程都需要重新编码，但是您可以通过以下方式实现：

$(".ktooltip").on('mouseover', function(e) {
    var tooltip = $('.ktooltiptext'),
        wt = $(window).scrollTop(), //window top pos
        ww = $(window).outerWidth(), //window width
        tt = tooltip.offset().top, //Tooltip top pos
        tl = tooltip.offset().left, //Tooltip left pos
        tw = tooltip.outerWidth(); //Tooltip Width

    tooltip.css({ 'left': '10px', 'right': 'auto', 'top': '-40px' });

    if(tt < wt) tooltip.css('top', 0);
    if((tl + tw) > ww) tooltip.css({ 'left': 'auto', 'right': 0 });
})

答案 4 :(得分：0)

选项1）使用title全局属性

  

title-指定有关元素的额外信息（显示为   工具提示）

     

文档：The title global attribute   使用title属性存在以下问题：

     
      
  • 使用仅触摸设备的人们
    •   
  • 人们使用键盘导航
    •   
  • 人们借助屏幕阅读器或放大镜等辅助技术进行导航
    •   
  • 有精细运动控制障碍的人
    •   
  • 有认知问题的人。这主要是由于浏览器支持不一致，另外   辅助技术的解析带来的并发症   浏览器呈现的页面。
    •   

span {border-bottom: 1px dashed pink}
<span title="According to tradition Nicholas was bishop of Myra in Lycia (south-west Turkey today).">
Mouse over this paragraph, to display the title attribute as a tooltip.
</span>

选项2）如果文本和工具提示文本的大小是固定的：可以使用4个css类放置引用触发元素的工具提示。 像这样：

.tooltip-top {top: -3em}
.tooltip-bottom {top: 0}
.tooltip-left {left: -3em}
.tooltip-right {right: 0}
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