运行程序时出现以下异常。如果我将硒从3.12.0降级到2.53.0，我不会遇到这个问题，但是降级会影响代码中其他现有的工作脚本。因此希望坚持使用3.12.0，并希望纠正此异常。由于Logginghander是Selenium API的一部分，因此将其添加到Maven中已经很累了，但这又产生了另一个类似的问题。这里需要帮助。
Jdk：8，Jre：1.8，Selenium驱动程序：3.12.0，Chrome驱动程序：2.40，操作系统： Windows 10，Eclipse：Neon，浏览器版本：67.0.3396.87
方法：-（指出错误的地方）-
public class StepsDefinitionFileofUI {
@Before(value = "@Initilization", order = 1)
public static void driver() throws Exception {
System.setProperty((ReadProperties.GetConfig("ChromeDriver")), (ReadProperties.GetConfig("ChromeDriverPath")));
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); ***<== Error pointing out this line***
GlobalVariable.setDriver(driver);
SessionId session = ((ChromeDriver) GlobalVariable.getDriver()).getSessionId();
GlobalVariable.getLog().info("");
GlobalVariable.getLog().info("***** The Session id is : " + session.toString() + " *****");
GlobalVariable.getLog().info("");
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
GlobalVariable.getLog().info("***** The Selected Driver is Chrome ******");
}
完全例外：-
Failure in before hook:StepsDefinitionFileofUI.driver()
Message: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/logging/LoggingHandler
at UserInterfaceTesting.StepsDefinitionFileofUI.driver(StepsDefinitionFileofUI.java:37)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at cucumber.runtime.Utils$1.call(Utils.java:40)
at cucumber.runtime.Timeout.timeout(Timeout.java:16)
at cucumber.runtime.Utils.invoke(Utils.java:34)
at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaHookDefinition.execute(JavaHookDefinition.java:60)
at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHookIfTagsMatch(Runtime.java:224)
at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHooks(Runtime.java:212)
at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runBeforeHooks(Runtime.java:202)
at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberScenario.run(CucumberScenario.java:40)
at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.run(CucumberFeature.java:165)
at cucumber.api.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner.runCucumber(TestNGCucumberRunner.java:63)
at cucumber.api.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.feature(AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.java:21)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:124)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:583)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:719)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:989)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:648)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:505)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:455)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:450)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:415)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:364)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1208)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1137)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1049)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1017)
at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:114)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.openqa.selenium.logging.LoggingHandler
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 41 more
POM文件：-
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>CollectingArts</groupId>
<artifactId>ServiceTesting</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>ServiceTesting</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
<artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>0.8.2-SNAPSHOT</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.jacoco/jacoco-maven-plugin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
<artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>0.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.beust/jcommander -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.beust</groupId>
<artifactId>jcommander</artifactId>
<version>1.72</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.sun.mail/smtp -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>smtp</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- TESTNG -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>6.14.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/ru.yandex.qatools.ashot/ashot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ru.yandex.qatools.ashot</groupId>
<artifactId>ashot</artifactId>
<version>1.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-chrome-driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId>
<version>2.53.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-ie-driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-ie-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-safari-driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-safari-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- SELENIUM-JAVA -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- REST ASSURED -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
<artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- HTTPCLIENT -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- APACHE POI -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Log4J -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.logstash.log4j/jsonevent-layout -->
<dependency>
<groupId>net.logstash.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jsonevent-layout</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON SCHEMA VALIDATOR -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.fge</groupId>
<artifactId>json-schema-validator</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- /// Cucumber Area /// -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.vimalselvam/cucumber-extentsreport -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.vimalselvam</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-extentsreport</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.relevantcodes/extentreports
<dependency> <groupId>com.relevantcodes</groupId> <artifactId>extentreports</artifactId>
<version>2.41.2</version> </dependency> -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.aventstack/extentreports -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aventstack</groupId>
<artifactId>extentreports</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Cucumber-Junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- cucumber-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- cucumber-testng -->
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/cucumber-jvm -->
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-jvm</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/gherkin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
<artifactId>gherkin</artifactId>
<version>2.12.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- commons-io -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json-path -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>
<artifactId>json-path</artifactId>
<version>2.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json Object -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.json</groupId>
<artifactId>json</artifactId>
<version>20171018</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mongo-java-driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.6.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/de.openkeyword/autoit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>de.openkeyword</groupId>
<artifactId>autoit</artifactId>
<version>0.1.17</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>