我试图用类似的C ++编写类似于一组类型类的东西,而且我在如何安排模板签名方面苦苦挣扎,或者如果它甚至可以做我想做的事情要做。
要把它分解成最小的例子,说我有这个:
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Homomorphism {
//Defined in specialization: static const T morph(const S&);
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = S;
using dest = T;
};
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Monomorphism : Homomorphism<S, T> {
//Defined in specialization: static const T morph(const &S);
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = S;
using dest = T;
};
我对我的程序中的数据类型有这些类(和其他态射)的特化。
我现在要做的是编写一个结构模板,它将采用两个同态或两个同态,并将它们组合成分别生成一个新的同态或单态结构,例如:
template<typename S, typename T, typename U,
typename HST = Homomorphism<S, T>,
typename HTU = Homomorphism<T, U>,
typename HSU = Homomorphism<S, U> >
struct CompositionMorphism : HSU {
static const U morph(const S &s) {
return HTU::morph(HST::morph(s));
}
static constexpr bool is_instance = true;
using src = S;
using dest = U;
}
这实际上适用于通过以下方式编写Homomorphism的特殊实例:
CompositionMorphism<Class1, Class2, Class3>::morph(class1Instance);
当我有:
struct Homomorphism<Class1, Class2> {
static const Class2 morph(const Class1 &c) {
...
}
};
与Homomorphism<Class2, Class3>
类似。
但是,现在,我想写一下:
template<typename S, typename T, typename U,
typename MST = Monomorphism<S, T>,
typename MTU = Monomorphism<T, U>,
typename MSU = Monomorphism<S, U> >
struct CompositionMorphism : MSU {
static const U morph(const S &s) {
return MTU::morph(MST::morph(s));
}
static constexpr bool is_instance = true;
using src = S;
using dest = U;
};
但编译器抱怨CompositionMorphism
的重复定义并不令人惊讶。
有没有办法用CompositionMorphism
和Homomorphism
来编写Monomorphism
及其专精,以便我可以执行以下操作:
template<> struct Homomorphism<Class1, Class2> { ... };
template<> struct Homomorphism<Class2, Class3> { ... };
CompositionMorphism<Class1, Class2, Class3>::morph(c1Instance);
或:
template<> struct Monomorphism<Class1, Class2> { ... };
template<> struct Monomorphism<Class2, Class3> { ... };
CompositionMorphism<Class1, Class2, Class3>::morph(c1Instance);
或:
template<> struct Monomorphism<Class1, Class2> { ... };
template<> struct Homomorphism<Class2, Class3> { ... };
CompositionMorphism<Class1, Class2, Class3>::morph(c1Instance);
让编译器根据我的态射层次结构选择最接近的CompositionMorphism
专门化?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
好的,有时候我需要多一点思考,但这可能就是你在寻找的东西:
#include <type_traits>
#include <cstdint>
#include <tuple>
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Homomorphism;
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Monomorphism;
class Class1{};
class Class2{};
class Class3{};
template<> struct Homomorphism<Class1, Class2>
{
static const Class2 morph(const Class1&);
static constexpr bool is_instance = true;#
};
template<> struct Homomorphism<Class2, Class3>
{
static const Class3 morph(const Class2&);
static constexpr bool is_instance = true;
};
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Homomorphism {
//Defined in specialization: static const T morph(const S&);
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = S;
using dest = T;
};
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Monomorphism : Homomorphism<S, T> {
//Defined in specialization: static const T morph(const &S);
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = S;
using dest = T;
};
namespace details {
template<typename T, typename U, std::enable_if_t<Homomorphism<T,U>::is_instance>* = nullptr>
U morph (const T& t)
{return Homomorphism<T,U>::morph(t);}
template<typename T, typename U, std::enable_if_t<Monomorphism<T,U>::is_instance>* = nullptr>
U morph (const T& t)
{return Monomorphism<T,U>::morph(t);}
}
template <typename S, typename T, typename U>
class CompositionMorphism
{
public:
static U morph (const S& s) {return details::morph<T,U>(details::morph<S,T>(s));}
static constexpr bool is_instance = true;
};
int main(int, char**)
{
Class1 c1Instance;
CompositionMorphism<Class1, Class2, Class3>::morph(c1Instance);
std::ignore = d;
}
您可能想要手动创建组合的Homo / Mono态射,如下所示:
template <> class Monomorphism<Class1,Class3> : public CompositionMorphism<Class1, Class2, Class3> {};
然后它们可以被CompositionMorphism自动重用。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您可以尝试使用Homomorphism
功能编写模板,根据SFINAE选择Monomorphism
或morph
。
template <typename S, typename T, typename = void>
struct SelectMorphism {
using type = Homomorphism<S, T>;
};
template <typename S, typename T>
struct SelectMorphism<S, T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<decltype(Monomorphism<S, T>::morph(std::declval<S>())), const T>>> {
using type = Monomorphism<S, T>;
};
这会检查Monomorphism<S, T>::morph(S)
是否会返回T
,如果是,请选择Monomorphism<S, T>
。如果不是,SFINAE将失败并默认为Homomorphism<S, T>
。
然后我们更改CompositionMorphism
以使用此模板
template<typename S, typename T, typename U,
typename HST = typename SelectMorphism<S, T>::type,
typename HTU = typename SelectMorphism<T, U>::type,
typename HSU = typename SelectMorphism<S, U>::type >
struct CompositionMorphism : HSU {
static const U morph(const S &s) {
return HTU::morph(HST::morph(s));
}
static constexpr bool is_instance = true;
using src = S;
using dest = U;
};
您可以看到这个完整工作示例的live demo here。它需要c++17
,但也可以为c++11
编写(稍微详细一些)。
#include <iostream>
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Homomorphism {
//Defined in specialization: static const T morph(const S&);
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = S;
using dest = T;
};
template<typename S, typename T>
struct Monomorphism : Homomorphism<S, T> {
//Defined in specialization: static const T morph(const &S);
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = S;
using dest = T;
};
template <typename S, typename T, typename = void>
struct SelectMorphism {
using type = Homomorphism<S, T>;
};
template <typename S, typename T>
struct SelectMorphism<S, T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<decltype(Monomorphism<S, T>::morph(std::declval<S>())), const T>>> {
using type = Monomorphism<S, T>;
};
struct Class1 {};
struct Class2 {};
struct Class3 {};
template<>
struct Monomorphism<Class1, Class2> : Homomorphism<Class1, Class2> {
static const Class2 morph(const Class1&) { std::cout << "Morphing in Mono<Class1, Class2>" << std::endl; return Class2{}; }
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = Class1;
using dest = Class2;
};
template<>
struct Homomorphism<Class2, Class3> {
static const Class3 morph(const Class2&) { std::cout << "Morphing in Homo<Class2, Class3>" << std::endl; return Class3{}; }
static constexpr bool is_instance = false;
using src = Class2;
using dest = Class3;
};
template<typename S, typename T, typename U,
typename HST = typename SelectMorphism<S, T>::type,
typename HTU = typename SelectMorphism<T, U>::type,
typename HSU = typename SelectMorphism<S, U>::type >
struct CompositionMorphism : HSU {
static const U morph(const S &s) {
return HTU::morph(HST::morph(s));
}
static constexpr bool is_instance = true;
using src = S;
using dest = U;
};
int main ()
{
CompositionMorphism<Class1, Class2, Class3>::morph(Class1{});
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
正如Super所观察到的,如果只传递T
,U
和V
,则编译器不知道选择Homomorphism
还是{{1}的情况}}
所以我想你应该通过Monomorphism
和Homomorphism<T, U>
(Homomorphism<U, V>
可以构建)或Homomorphism<T, V>
和Monomorphism<T, U>
如果你想强加两个Monomorphism<U, V>
或两个Homomorphism
(我的意思是:如果你想要Monomorphism
与Monomorphism
一起排除{)你可以写下如下内容
Homomorphism
并按如下方式调用
template <typename, typename>
struct CompositionMorphism;
template <template <typename, typename> class C,
typename S, typename T, typename U>
struct CompositionMorphism<C<S, T>, C<T, U>>
{
using comp = C<S, U>;
static const U morph (const S & s)
{ return C<T, U>::morph(C<S, T>::morph(s)); }
};
以下是完整的编译示例
Homomorphism<int, long> h0;
Homomorphism<long, long long> h1;
Monomorphism<int, long> m0;
Monomorphism<long, long long> m1;
CompositionMorphism<decltype(h0), decltype(h1)> h2;
CompositionMorphism<decltype(m0), decltype(m1)> m2;
// compiler error
//CompositionMorphism<decltype(h0), decltype(m1)> hm;