小黄瓜/黄瓜 - 我们可以分组＆＃34;当＆＃34;像＆＃34;在＆＃34; Backgound＆＃34;中给出＆＃34;？

Question

我正在采取Gherkin / Cucumber的第一步。

我一直在阅读有关语法以及何时/如何通过官方文档正确使用每个标记，但是我想知道是否有一种合适的方法来对在＃34内反复使用的某些语句进行分组;当＆＃34;以类似于分组的方式进行分级＆＃34;给予＆＃34; ＆＃34;背景＆＃34;中的陈述部？

示例：

Feature: Wanting to reduce code duplications
Background:
    Given I have done some set up
    And I have done some more set up

@Scenario_1
Scenario: An example scenario
    # Some Givens defined in Background
    Given a unique step is taken
    # When
    When I perform some action that will be repeated
        And I perform another action that will be repeated
        And I perform a non-repeated task
    # Then
    Then something will be expected at the end

@Scenario_2
Scenario: An second example scenario
    # Some Givens defined in Background
    Given a different unique step is taken
    # When
    When I perform some action that will be repeated
        And I perform another action that will be repeated
        And I perform a different non-repeated task
    # Then
    Then something different will be expected at the end

有什么方法可以抽象或分组＆＃34;当＆＃34;语句：

When I perform some action that will be repeated
And I perform another action that will be repeated

进入他们自己的部分，例如＆＃34;背景＆＃34;？

Answer 1

首先，请记住Gherkin应该是BDD，意思是行为驱动开发。你陈述步骤的方式不是行为，而是行动。 When I perform some action that will be repeated未描述系统或用户的任何行为。

对于重复的任务，生成描述行为的When，然后在Java代码中定义所需的所有重复步骤。

示例：

Given I go to a website
When when I click on username and typ 'User1'
And when I click on password and typ 'welcome123'
And when I click on the login button
Then the dashboard is shown
And I see that there is a proper header

基本上，在这种情况下，您正在用小黄瓜描述一个物理测试用例。

您真正想要实现的目标是：

Given I navigate to a website
When I login
Then the dashboard is shown by system

您可以通过以下方式详细说明步骤：

Given I navigate to website 'http://www.google.com/' in browser 'Chrome'
When I login as user 'User1'
Then the dashboard is shown by system

通过这种方式，您可以立即知道测试的内容，使用的主要数据是什么，您可以快速查看它是否符合要求。

因此，在您的情况下，尝试减少小黄瓜中的步骤描述，您的重复项将自动减少。