Question

我有一个包含名称 - 值对和附加属性的表。同名可以有多个值。如果发生这种情况，我想返回具有更高属性值的行。

表：

ID | name | value | attribute
1  | set1 | 1     | 0
2  | set2 | 2     | 0
3  | set3 | 3     | 0
4  | set1 | 4     | 1

查询的理想结果：

name | value
set2 | 2
set3 | 3
set1 | 4

获得所需结果的性能最佳的SQL查询是什么？

Answer 1

表现最佳的查询如下：

select
 s.set_id,
 s.name as set_name,
 a.attrib_id,
 a.name as attrib_name,
 sav.value
from
 sets s
inner join set_attribute_values sav on 
  sav.set_id = s.set_id and sav.attrib_id = s.max_attrib_id
inner join attributes a on sav.attrib_id = a.attrib_id
order by
 s.set_id;

+--------+----------+-----------+-------------+-------+
| set_id | set_name | attrib_id | attrib_name | value |
+--------+----------+-----------+-------------+-------+
|      1 | set1     |         3 | attrib3     |    20 |
|      2 | set2     |         0 | attrib0     |    10 |
|      3 | set3     |         0 | attrib0     |    10 |
|      4 | set4     |         4 | attrib4     |    10 |
|      5 | set5     |         2 | attrib2     |    10 |
+--------+----------+-----------+-------------+-------+

显然，为了实现这一点，你还必须规范化你的设计并实现一个简单的触发器：

drop table if exists attributes;
create table attributes
(
attrib_id smallint unsigned not null primary key,
name varchar(255) unique not null
)
engine=innodb;

drop table if exists sets;
create table sets
(
set_id smallint unsigned not null auto_increment primary key,
name varchar(255) unique not null,
max_attrib_id smallint unsigned not null default 0,
key (max_attrib_id)
)
engine=innodb;

drop table if exists set_attribute_values;
create table set_attribute_values
(
set_id smallint unsigned not null,
attrib_id smallint unsigned not null,
value int unsigned not null default 0,
primary key (set_id, attrib_id)
)
engine=innodb;

delimiter #

create trigger set_attribute_values_before_ins_trig 
before insert on set_attribute_values
for each row
begin
  update sets set max_attrib_id = new.attrib_id 
    where set_id = new.set_id and max_attrib_id < new.attrib_id;
end#

delimiter ;

insert into attributes values (0,'attrib0'),(1,'attrib1'),(2,'attrib2'),(3,'attrib3'),(4,'attrib4');
insert into sets (name) values ('set1'),('set2'),('set3'),('set4'),('set5');

insert into set_attribute_values values
(1,0,10),(1,3,20),(1,1,30),
(2,0,10),
(3,0,10),
(4,4,10),(4,2,20),
(5,2,10);

Answer 2

select name,max(value)
from table
group by name

Answer 3

没有简单的方法可以做到这一点。

提出了类似的问题here。

编辑：这是一个建议：

SELECT `name`,`value` FROM `mytable` ORDER BY `name`,`attribute` DESC

这不是你要求的，但它至少会先给你更高的属性值，你可以忽略其余的。

再次编辑：另一个建议：

如果您知道value是正整数，则可以执行此操作。这很令人讨厌，但它会起作用。

SELECT `name`,CAST (GROUP_CONCAT(`value` ORDER by `attribute` DESC) as UNSIGNED) FROM `mytable` GROUP BY `name`

要包含否定整数，您可以将UNSIGNED更改为SIGNED。

Answer 4

SELECT name, value 
FROM (SELECT name, value, attribute 
      FROM table_name 
      ORDER BY attribute DESC) AS t 
GROUP BY name;

Answer 5

可能想要对所有这些选项进行基准测试，这是另一个选项。

SELECT t1.name, t1.value
  FROM temp t1
 WHERE t1.attribute IN (
   SELECT MAX(t2.attribute)
     FROM temp t2
    WHERE t2.name = t1.name);

Answer 6

怎么样：

SELECT ID, name, value, attribute  
  FROM table A
 WHERE A.attribute = (SELECT MAX(B.attribute) FROM table B WHERE B.NAME = A.NAME);

编辑：似乎某些人已经说了同样的话。

Answer 7

此解决方案可能会表现最佳：

Select ...
From Table As T
    Left Join Table As T2
        On T2.name = T.name
            And T2.attribute > T1.attribute
Where T2.ID Is Null

另一种可能效果不佳的解决方案（您需要根据数据进行评估）：

Select ...
From Table As T
Where Not Exists    (
                    Select 1
                    From Table As T2
                    Where T2.name = T.name
                        And T2.attribute > T.attribute
                    )

Answer 8

没有对它们进行基准测试，但以下是它的可行性： TableName = temm

1）具有最大属性值的行：

select t.name, t.value
from (
   select name, max(attribute) as maxattr
   from temm group by name
) as x inner join temm as t on t.name = x.name and t.attribute = x.maxattr;

2）具有最大属性值的前N行：

select name, value
from temm
where (
   select count(*) from temm as n
   where n.name = temm.name and n.attribute > temm.attribute
) < 1 ; /*  1 can be changed to 2,3,4 ..N  to get N rows */

Mysql唯一值查询

8 个答案: