我在pythonanywhere上部署了一个可以正常运行的应用程序。问题是，当我想运行测试django时，我的测试数据库设置被完全忽略。 每次我运行测试时，我都会得到以下信息。虽然。
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
Got an error creating the test database: (1044, "Access denied for user 'funnshopp'@'%' to database 'test_funnshopp$funn'")
该应用的数据库名称为funnshopp$funn。可以看出，django总是试图通过将test_附加到数据库名称来创建测试数据库。永远不要在DATABASES设置
以下是我的完整设置文件（我的电脑上的测试运行良好且我正在使用Django 2.0，尽管我使用Django 1.11启动了项目
"""
Django settings for funnshopp project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.7.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""
import os
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
def get_env_variable(var_name):
"""Get the environment variable or return exception"""
try:
return os.environ[var_name]
except KeyError:
error_msg = "Set the {} environment variable".format(var_name)
raise ImproperlyConfigured(error_msg)
ENV_ROLE = get_env_variable("ENV_ROLE")
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = get_env_variable("SECRET_KEY")
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False
FUNN_PASS = False
if ENV_ROLE == "development":
DEBUG = True
FUNN_PASS = get_env_variable('FUNN_PASS')
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'asset',
'debit',
'communication',
'establishment',
'credit',
'personnel',
'relation',
'debug_toolbar',
'captcha',
'guardian',
'rules',
'coverage',
'django_extensions',
'pure_pagination',
'sorl.thumbnail',
'django_addanother',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',
'guardian.backends.ObjectPermissionBackend',
'rules.permissions.ObjectPermissionBackend',
)
MIDDLEWARE = [
'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware',
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'funnshopp.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'funnshopp.wsgi.application'
INTERNAL_IPS = ('127.0.0.1', 'localhost')
DEBUG_TOOLBAR_PANELS = [
'debug_toolbar.panels.versions.VersionsPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.timer.TimerPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.settings.SettingsPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.headers.HeadersPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.request.RequestPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.sql.SQLPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.staticfiles.StaticFilesPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.templates.TemplatesPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.cache.CachePanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.signals.SignalsPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.logging.LoggingPanel',
'debug_toolbar.panels.redirects.RedirectsPanel',
]
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY = get_env_variable("GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SITE_KEY")
GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY = get_env_variable("GOOGLE_RECAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY")
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = reverse_lazy('personnel:dashboard')
LOGIN_URL = reverse_lazy('personnel:login')
LOGOUT_URL = reverse_lazy('personnel:logout')
if ENV_ROLE == "development":
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend'
else:
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'
EMAIL_PORT = 587
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '***@gmail.com'
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '*******'
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = '***@gmail.com'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DEPLOYMENT_PLATFORM = get_env_variable("DEPLOYMENT_PLATFORM")
if DEPLOYMENT_PLATFORM == "heroku-plus-local":
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'funn',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': get_env_variable('FUNN_PASS'),
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': 5432
}
}
else: # DEPLOYMENT_PLATFORM == "pythonanywhere"
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'USER': 'funnshopp',
'NAME': 'funnshopp$funn',
'PASSWORD': get_env_variable('FUNN_PASS'),
'HOST': 'funnshopp.mysql.pythonanywhere-services.com',
'TEST':{
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # for sqlite3
'NAME':'test.db',
# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
# 'NAME':'funnshopp$test_default'
},
},
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'Africa/Lagos'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = 'staticfiles'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),)
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'personnel.Person'
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'
import django_heroku
django_heroku.settings(locals())
以下是pip freeze
alabaster==0.7.10
Babel==2.5.1
beautifulsoup4==4.6.0
certifi==2017.11.5
chardet==3.0.4
colorama==0.3.9
coverage==4.4.2
dj-database-url==0.4.2
dj-static==0.0.6
Django==2.0.1
django-addanother==2.0.0
django-archive==0.1.5
django-braces==1.12.0
django-debug-toolbar==1.9.1
django-extensions==1.9.9
django-guardian==1.4.9
django-heroku==0.2.0
django-pure-pagination==0.3.0
django-recaptcha==1.3.1
django-toolbelt==0.0.1
django-webtest==1.9.2
docutils==0.14
funcsigs==1.0.2
gunicorn==19.7.1
idna==2.6
答案 0 :(得分：2)
这是一种常见且正确的行为。 Django在测试时总会尝试创建新的数据库，你永远不应该尝试在你的实时/生产数据库上测试你的应用程序。
您的测试应该以某种方式构建，您可以在其中创建对象，然后测试其行为。你在开发服务器上的heroku和mysql上使用postgres。如果你想使用这个数据库测试你的应用程序，你必须向你的postgres / mysql添加django用户，并拥有创建和删除数据库/表的权限。
您也可以通过将此设置添加到settings.py来避免这种情况（当我不使用任何其他扩展时，我喜欢这样做，而sqlite3数据库就足够了。我通过输入{{1}来运行我的测试}
python manage.py test答案 1 :(得分：0)
我认为你应该改变你设置settings.py的方式，你不能把条件放在里面但是根据你正在使用的环境使用不同的设置！
我建议你阅读https://www.sitepoint.com/authenticating-users-via-oauth-with-cordova-and-ionic/。
如果你有合适的布局，你可以在不同的设置文件中更改数据库;）！
答案 2 :(得分：0)
我通过根据此处Recommended Django Project Layout建议的模式重新组织我的设置文件来解决问题。
现在我的测试在pythonanywhere上正常运行。
顺便说一下，我在这里创建了一个gist来处理虚拟环境和布局的问题以及如何处理虚拟环境变量。
答案 3 :(得分：0)
您知道，在运行测试时，Django隔离对数据库所做的更改。这就是为什么它尝试创建数据库引擎拒绝的数据库的原因。您可以：
--keepdb运行测试或向数据库用户授予访问权限以创建数据库。像这样：
ALTER USER username CREATEDB;