我将代码编写到一个文件中并编译并运行,但我应该将其称为模块化代码,其中将每个函数放在单独的.c文件中,其中.h表示包含和原型,但我是很难这样做因为我不应该在我的.h文件中有任何变量。如何在每个函数文件中正确传递指针
这是我的代码:
---------------------------------------------------------main.c
#include "my.h"
int *pointerNUM; //<----------------------------------------------here is the pointer
// main function
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
// To store the numbers of number in file
int numberOfNUM;
// Calls the function to read numbers and stores the length
numberOfNUM = readFile(argc, argv);
// Calls the function to displays the numbers before sorting
printf("\n Before sort : ");
show(numberOfNUM);
// Calls the function for sorting
insertSORT(numberOfNUM);
// Calls the function to displays the numbers after sorting
printf("\n After sort: ");
show(numberOfNUM);
}// End of main function
--------------------------------------------------------------insertSORT.c
#include "my.h"
// Function for insertion sort
void insertSORT(int numberOfNUM)
{
int x, key, y;
// Loops numberOfNUM times
for (x = 1; x < numberOfNUM; x++)
{
// Stores i index position data in key
key = pointerNUM[x];
// Stores x minus one as y value
y = x - 1;
/*
Move elements of pointerNUM[0..x - 1], that are greater than key,
to one position ahead of their current position
*/
while (y >= 0 && pointerNUM[y] > key)
{
// Stores pointerNUM y index position value at pointerNUM y next index position
pointerNUM[y + 1] = pointerNUM[y];
// Decrease the y value by one
y = y - 1;
}// End of while
// Stores the key value at pointerNUM y plus one index position
pointerNUM[y + 1] = key;
}// End of for loop
}// End of function
-------------------------------------------------------------readFile.c
#include "my.h"
// Read in the parts file and returns the length
int readFile(int argc, char *argv[])
{
// File pointer
FILE *fptr;
// numberOfNUM for number of numbers
// cntVAR for counter variable
int numberOfNUM, cntVAR;
// Open the file for reading
fptr = fopen(argv[1], "r"); // "r" for read
// Check that it opened properly
if (fptr == NULL)
{
printf("Cannot open file \n");
exit(0);
}// End of if condition
// Reads number of numbers in the file
fscanf(fptr, "%d", &numberOfNUM);
// Dynamically allocates memory to pointer pointerNUM
pointerNUM = (int *) calloc(numberOfNUM, sizeof(int));
// Loops numberOfNUM times
for(cntVAR = 0; cntVAR < numberOfNUM; cntVAR++)
// Reads each number and stores it in array
fscanf(fptr, "%d", &pointerNUM[cntVAR]);
// Returns the length of the numbers
return numberOfNUM;
fclose(fptr);
}// End of function
----------------------------------------------------------------------show.c
#include "my.h"
// Function to show numbers
void show(int numberOfNUM)
{
int cntVAR;
// Loops numberOfNUM times
for(cntVAR = 0; cntVAR < numberOfNUM; cntVAR++)
// Displays each number
printf("%4d, ", pointerNUM[cntVAR]);
}// End of function
-----------------------------------------------------------------Now my my.h
#include
#include
//prototypes
void insetSORT(int numberOfNUM);
int readFile(int argc, char *argv[]);
void show(int numberOfNUM);
-----------------------------------------------------------------
答案 0 :(得分:0)
好的,这是你做的:
您希望该变量存在于每个人都可以看到的地方,并且您只希望存在一个实例。
你想要的是C中的extern
关键字。把它放在变量定义的前面,它只是一个声明。
考虑以下陈述:
int object_count;
或
int object_count = 0;
它们会导致分配内存。但是,如果你把
extern int object_count;
在某个文件中,然后说&#34;有一个名为object_count
的变量int
将在某处创建(可能是另一个文件)。
这是一个例子,在文件main.c
中,我说会存在一个变量,但这里没有定义该变量。它住在其他地方。
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
\\ This could be in an included .h file.
extern int object_count;
void print_object_count();
int main(void)
{
object_count = 3;
print_object_count();
printf("Object count from main : %d\n", object_count);
return 0;
}
在object_counter.c
中你有变量的定义。因此,如果您愿意,该变量将存在于object_counter.o
中。但是通过extern声明,其他模块可以访问它。
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int object_count = 0;
void print_object_count()
{
printf("print_object_count(): %d\n", object_count);
}
这是输出,我修改main.c
中的值,我们看到object_counter.c
中函数使用的值是相同的。
$ ./a.out
print_object_count(): 3
Object count from main : 3
这是你可以在C中共享变量的机制,有一点需要注意:定义应该总是在C文件中(你可以通过将它放在.h文件中但通过宏技巧来实现)。
这并没有描述最正确的方式或传统方式。