我试图使用enable_if
来避免重复代码。只要放在返回类型中它就可以正常工作,但如果它在参数中则不行。在此作为this的副本关闭之前,我得到的错误不是重新定义,而是一个"没有匹配的呼叫功能。"这是我的MCVE(不是那么" C",左右" M"就此而言)使用VS2015和g ++ 7.2.0(mingw):
#include <cmath>
#include <array>
#include <algorithm>
template <typename T, size_t M, size_t N>
class Matrix
{
public:
static const size_t ROWS = M;
static const size_t COLS = N;
typedef T SCALAR;
SCALAR operator[](const size_t index) const
{
static_assert((COLS == 1 || ROWS == 1), "operator[] is only for vectors (single row or column).");
return m_elements.at(index);
}
SCALAR& operator[](const size_t index)
{
static_assert((COLS == 1 || ROWS == 1), "operator[] is only for vectors (single row or column).");
return m_elements.at(index);
}
std::array<T, M * N> m_elements;
};
template <typename T, size_t N, size_t M>
static inline T Length(
const Matrix<typename std::enable_if<(M == 1 || N == 1), T>::type, N, M> & input)
{
T value = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < std::max(N, M); ++i)
{
value += (input[i] * input[i]);
}
return std::sqrt(value);
}
template <typename T, size_t M, size_t N>
static inline
Matrix<typename std::enable_if<(M == 3 && N == 1) || (M == 1 && N == 3), T>::type , M, N>
CrossProduct(const Matrix<T, M, N> & a, const Matrix<T, M, N> & b)
{
Matrix<T, M, N> result;
result[0] = a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1];
result[1] = a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2];
result[2] = a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0];
return result;
}
Matrix<double, 1, 1> m11;
Matrix<double, 3, 1> m31;
Matrix<double, 1, 3> m13;
Matrix<double, 3, 3> m33;
auto l0 = Length(m11); // Should work, but doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 1, 1>&)'
auto l1 = Length(m31); // Should work, but doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 3, 1>&)'
auto l2 = Length(m13); // Should work, but doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 1, 3>&)'
//auto l3 = Length(m33); // Shouldn't work, and doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 3, 3>&)'
auto v1 = CrossProduct(m13, m13); //Works, as expected
//auto v2 = CrossProduct(m11, m11); // As expected: enable_if.cpp:71:32: error: no matching function for
// call to 'CrossProduct(Matrix<double, 1, 1>&, Matrix<double, 1, 1>&)'
如果我将Length
的签名更改为
static inline typename std::enable_if<(M == 1 || N == 1), T>::type \
Length(const math::Matrix<T, N, M> & input)
它工作正常。但它给我的错误似乎表明它能够确定正确的签名(例如Length(Matrix<double, 3, 1>&)
)。
如果enable_if
在参数列表中,编译器为什么无法找到匹配函数,但如果它在返回类型中是否能够找到匹配函数?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
std::enable_if<..., T>::type
是嵌套名称,因此无法推断:
未推断的上下文是:
- 使用 qualified-id 指定的类型的嵌套名称说明符。
。 。
作为解决方法,将enable_if
移动到单独的模板参数:
template <typename T, size_t N, size_t M, typename std::enable_if<(M == 1 || N == 1), int>::type = 0>
static inline T Length(
const Matrix<T, N, M> & input)