我有一个用C#编写的多线程端口扫描程序应用程序,我希望在应用程序运行时将一些内容打印到控制台和日志文件中。出于这个原因,我有以下帮助器类,它可以很好地写入日志文件和控制台。
public class Output
{
private const string LOG_DIRECTORY = "Logs";
private readonly string LogDirPath = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), LOG_DIRECTORY);
private static Output _outputSingleton;
private static Output OutputSingleton {
get {
if (_outputSingleton == null)
{
_outputSingleton = new Output();
}
return _outputSingleton;
}
}
public StreamWriter SW { get; set; }
public Output()
{
EnsureLogDirectoryExists();
InstantiateStreamWriter();
}
~Output()
{
if (SW != null)
{
try
{
SW.Dispose();
}
catch (ObjectDisposedException) { } // object already disposed - ignore exception
}
}
public static void WriteLine(string str)
{
Console.WriteLine(str);
OutputSingleton.SW.WriteLine(str);
}
public static void Write(string str)
{
Console.Write(str);
OutputSingleton.SW.Write(str);
}
private void InstantiateStreamWriter()
{
long ticks = DateTime.Now.Ticks;
string logFilename = "scan_" + ticks.ToString() + ".txt";
string filePath = Path.Combine(LogDirPath, logFilename);
try
{
SW = new StreamWriter(filePath);
SW.AutoFlush = true;
}
catch (UnauthorizedAccessException ex)
{
throw new ApplicationException(string.Format("Access denied. Could not instantiate StreamWriter using path: {0}.", filePath), ex);
}
}
private void EnsureLogDirectoryExists()
{
if (!Directory.Exists(LogDirPath))
{
try
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(LogDirPath);
}
catch (UnauthorizedAccessException ex)
{
throw new ApplicationException(string.Format("Access denied. Could not create log directory using path: {0}.", LogDirPath), ex);
}
}
}
}
问题是,由于我的应用程序是多线程的,有时我会创建多个日志文件,每个都部分写入,有时我会抛出异常,因为一个线程在另一个线程使用时无法访问相同的位置进行写入。有没有办法让我上面的Output
类多线程,以便我避免上述问题?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
使用单个文件和lock
策略应该完成这项工作:
private Object m_Lock = new Object();
public static void WriteLine(string str)
{
lock (m_Lock)
{
Console.WriteLine(str);
OutputSingleton.SW.WriteLine(str);
}
}
public static void Write(string str)
{
lock (m_Lock)
{
Console.Write(str);
OutputSingleton.SW.Write(str);
}
}
private void InstantiateStreamWriter()
{
string logFilename = "Log.txt";
string filePath = Path.Combine(LogDirPath, logFilename);
try
{
SW = new StreamWriter(filePath);
SW.AutoFlush = true;
}
catch (UnauthorizedAccessException ex)
{
throw new ApplicationException(string.Format("Access denied. Could not instantiate StreamWriter using path: {0}.", filePath), ex);
}
}
此处的问题是共享锁。如果对多个方法使用相同的锁,则锁定一个方法也会锁定其他方法(在您的情况下为Write
和WriteLine
)。它对我来说看起来完全没问题,因为它们是严格相关的...但如果非常频繁地调用这些方法,这可能会造成瓶颈。另一方面,单独的锁会使方法独立运行,这更糟糕。
尝试将两个方法合并为一个,如下所示,因此您不必关心在不同方法上处理锁定:
public static void WriteLine(String str, Boolean line = true)
{
lock (m_Lock)
{
if (line)
{
Console.WriteLine(str);
OutputSingleton.SW.WriteLine(str);
}
else
{
Console.Write(str);
OutputSingleton.SW.Write(str);
}
}
}