运行循环/ drawRect中的神秘“渐进式减速”问题

时间:2011-01-24 20:23:05

标签: iphone cocoa ios drawrect

这是一个真正的谜。

想象一下,您正在进行在屏幕外绘制复杂图像的传统过程(CGLayer),并且在绘制时间歇性地将图像更新到屏幕上。

如您所知,执行此操作的方法是:在后台运行大型绘图过程,并根据需要调用setNeedsDisplays的前景,从而更新图像。这是微不足道的,可以通过两行代码实现。

然而,当你这样做时,会出现一个神秘的问题: 每个绘图周期所花费的时间,每次增加,变得无法使用 。此外,时间可能不规律地变化。

这是一个已知的iOS错误,还是?有没有人见过这个?

这是一个非常简单,易于理解的应用程序,可以解决问题:

http://www.fileswap.com/dl/p8lU3gAi/stepwiseDrawingV2.zip.html

下面的输出示例。

有谁知道为什么会这样?操作系统的行为非常奇怪。

稍后 ...... FELZ已经找到了令人震惊的解决方案。 Felz 复制 CGLayer每轮一次。这完全阻止了这种奇怪的行为。

然而,对于究竟发生了什么仍然没有真正清楚的理解:因此从字面上看,当奇怪的问题出现时,时间在哪里?

这是输出的一个很长的例子......

请注意,您有时会得到一个“双重奇怪”的结果,如下所示:它表现出“正常”奇怪的行为:每次都会增加时间。然而,偶尔会有几轮时间“非常快”,然后返回。怪啊?此外,如果您在模拟器上运行,请快速点击Mac上不相关的应用程序,以获得“更奇怪”的结果。

尽管费尔兹给出了一个完美的工作答案,但实际的机制仍然是一个谜。

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3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

首先让我说这是一个有趣的谜题。我在这个上工作很开心。不错的问题和很好的示例代码。

以下是我对可能答案的看法:

我看到的问题如下。 CGLayer非常适合重复绘画,因为它们将渲染缓存为平面图像。将附加操作附加到上下文时,缓存无效。发生这种情况时,再次渲染CGLayer。减速是因为代码维护单个CGLayer( offscreenPrefabCGL ),其在 paintActualGutsOfHugeImage 中的循环的每次迭代中都修改了其上下文。由于 offscreenPrefabCGL的上下文中的操作序列随每个花朵而增长,因此每个渲染需要更多时间。这解释了每个显示器的时间增加。

我看到两个解决方案:

  1. 将新渲染剪辑到PaintView中的特定渲染中。而不是使整个视图无效,只使实际需要重新绘制的CGRect无效。据我所知,这是@ v01d提出的解决方案。
  2. 展平图层。而不是持有单个CGLayer,在每次迭代时复制CGLayer。这样可以在图层中保持一个非常快速渲染的平面图像。
  3. 我实施了(2)并取得了良好的效果。前100朵花更快,然后它将稳定在120毫秒(在设备中)。我用最多2000朵花测试了我的修改版本。

    我的修改版本位于:

    http://dl.dropbox.com/u/9866261/felz_mod_stepwiseDrawingV2.zip

答案 1 :(得分:3)

<强> EDIT2:

这是一个有效(无减速)的调试项目:http://bit.ly/eukSgR

这个项目绝不是最佳选择。

这里有趣的是需要位图上下文。 CGLayer缓存您的图像绘制并导致您的渐进式减速。使用位图上下文,它被强制渲染;然后你只需将这些像素推送到drawRect中的UIView的CALayer:。

我想要获得更高的速度,你可以使用setNeedsDisplayInRect:来最小化要重绘的区域。

但是,除了可能是优化或两个优化之外,通过UIView推送像素总是比通过说GL完全在GPU上执行此操作慢。

答案 2 :(得分:0)

作为一项实验,我建议您更新动画进度视图,而不尝试使用或读取未完成的大图像位图或正在进行的图层绘制。从未完成的合成中读取或绘制到另一个绘图上下文可能对GPU管道或绘图状态做了有趣的事情。尝试在胡椒方法中绘制其他东西。一个简单的柜台或其他东西。