ubuntu 16.04
我想安装npm 5.4.2节点8.7.0。
即当我npm --version时，它应该说5.4.2并且node --version应该说8.7.0。
第1步：
sudo apt install nodejs npm
sudo npm cache clean -f
sudo npm install -g n
sudo n stable
第2步：
(setup) vivek@vivek:~/PROJECT$ sudo npm install -g n
/usr/local/bin/n -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/n/bin/n
+ n@2.1.8
updated 1 package in 1.045s
(setup) vivek@vivek:~/PROJECT$ sudo n stable
install : node-v9.0.0
mkdir : /usr/local/n/versions/node/9.0.0
fetch : https://nodejs.org/dist/v9.0.0/node-v9.0.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
installed : v9.0.0
第3步：
(setup) vivek@vivek:~/PROJECT$ npm --version
3.5.2
(setup) vivek@vivek:~/PROJECT$ sudo apt-get install npm
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
npm is already the newest version (3.5.2-0ubuntu4).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Q.1为什么安装3.5.2说它是最新版本，当前版本是~5.x.x左右。
Q.2为什么安装节点v9.0.0时明显与npm当前版本不兼容
（https://github.com/npm/npm/issues/19019）
到目前为止，我发现的解决方法是：
# Complete Un-install
sudo apt-get purge nodejs npm
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get update
# Fresh install
sudo npm install -g npm
(setup) vivek@vivek:~/PROJECT$ npm --version
5.5.1
在Step 1 & 2中运行上面的同一组命令，所有其他队友默认安装npm 5.4.2和node 8.7.0版本，但不适合我。这让我很生气。因为安装了错误的版本，并且最重要的是它们不兼容。
更新：尝试https://nodejs.org/en/download/package-manager/#debian-and-ubuntu-based-linux-distributions
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
失败了：
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | sudo -E bash -
[sudo] password for vivek:
## Installing the NodeSource Node.js v8.x repo...
## Populating apt-get cache...
+ apt-get update
Get:1 file:/var/cuda-repo-8-0-local-ga2 InRelease
Ign:1 file:/var/cuda-repo-8-0-local-ga2 InRelease
Get:2 file:/var/cuda-repo-8-0-local-ga2 Release [574 B]
Get:2 file:/var/cuda-repo-8-0-local-ga2 Release [574 B]
Hit:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:5 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [102 kB]
Hit:7 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB]
Hit:9 http://ppa.launchpad.net/fkrull/deadsnakes/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease [102 kB]
Hit:12 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [653 kB]
Get:14 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main i386 Packages [618 kB]
Get:15 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main Translation-en [274 kB]
Get:16 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [307 kB]
Get:17 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [216 kB]
Get:18 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [8,076 B]
Get:19 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted i386 Packages [8,068 B]
Get:20 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [544 kB]
Get:21 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe i386 Packages [517 kB]
Get:22 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [60.2 kB]
Get:23 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe Translation-en [221 kB]
Get:24 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [174 kB]
Get:25 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [245 kB]
Get:26 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [16.2 kB]
Get:27 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse i386 Packages [15.3 kB]
Get:28 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [5,888 B]
Get:29 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [3,328 B]
Get:30 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [4,588 B]
Get:31 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [62.1 kB]
Get:32 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [51.4 kB]
Get:33 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [85.1 kB]
Ign:34 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:35 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial Release
Ign:36 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
Ign:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main all Packages
Ign:39 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en_US
Ign:40 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en
Ign:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons
Ign:36 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
Ign:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main all Packages
Ign:39 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en_US
Ign:40 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en
Ign:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons
Ign:36 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
Ign:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main all Packages
Ign:39 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en_US
Ign:40 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en
Ign:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons
Ign:36 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
Ign:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main all Packages
Ign:39 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en_US
Ign:40 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en
Ign:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons
Ign:36 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
Ign:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main all Packages
Ign:39 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en_US
Ign:40 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en
Ign:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons
Err:36 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
404 Not Found
Ign:37 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main i386 Packages
Ign:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main all Packages
Ign:39 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en_US
Ign:40 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main Translation-en
Ign:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons
Fetched 4,395 kB in 17s (253 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/pinta-maintainers/pinta-stable/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
Error executing command, exiting
答案 0 :(得分：1)
在完全删除之前安装的旧文件后，请尝试使用以下内容。现在安装节点的最好方法是nvm，apt有太多问题。
//Remove node again
sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove nodejs npm
//Remove any leftover files that gives version issues
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bin/npm /usr/local/share/man/man1/node* /usr/local/lib/dtrace/node.d ~/.npm ~/.node-gyp /opt/local/bin/node opt/local/include/node /opt/local/lib/node_modules
//Install nvm, this will install npm 5.4
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.33.6/install.sh | bash
//To uninstall a node version
//nvm uninstall <version>
nvm install 8.7.0
nvm use 8.7.0
//check with
node -v
npm -v