以对数标度计算段的长度

时间:2017-11-08 20:30:51

标签: javascript logarithm

我想计算一系列事件的行长。

我正在使用以下代码执行此操作。

var maxLineLength = 20;
var lineLen = function(x, max) {
    return maxLineLength * (x / max);
}
var events = [0.1, 1, 5, 20, 50];
var max = Math.max.apply(null, events);
events.map(function (x) {
    console.log(lineLen(x, max));
});

这是有效的,但是我使用线性缩放,而我想使用对数,因为我不希望小事件在存在大事件时变得太小。

我修改了lineLen函数,如下所示,但是 - 显然 - 它不适用于等于1的事件,因为1的日志为零。我想显示事件等于一(适当缩放)而不是使它们变为零。我还需要正数才能保持正数(0.1变为负数)

我应该如何修改lineLen以使用对数刻度?

var maxLineLength = 20;
var lineLen = function(x, max) {
   return maxLineLength * (Math.log(x) / Math.log(max));
}
var events = [0.1, 1, 5, 20, 50];
var max = Math.max.apply(null, events);
events.map(function (x) {
    console.log(lineLen(x, max));
});

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

您可以使用Math.pow(x, 0.35)之类的表达式代替Math.log(x)。它使所有值保持正值,并为小比率提供所需的行为。您可以尝试范围(0,1)中的不同指数值,以找到符合您需求的指数值。

var maxLineLength = 20;
var exponent = 0.35;
var lineLen = function(x, max) {
   return maxLineLength * Math.pow(x/max, exponent);
}
var events = [0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 20, 50];
var max = Math.max.apply(null, events);
events.map(function (x) {
    console.log(lineLen(x, max));
});

答案 1 :(得分:2)

您可以使用log(x+1)代替log(x),这不会过多地更改值,并且会为较小的数字维持比率。

var maxLineLength = 20;
var lineLen = (x, max) => maxLineLength * Math.log(x+1)/Math.log(max+1);
var events = [ 0.1, 1, 5, 20, 50];
var visualizer = function(events){
    var max = Math.max.apply(null, events);
    return events.reduce((y, x) => {
         y.push(lineLen(x, max));
         return y;
    }, []);
};

console.log(visualizer(events));

答案 2 :(得分:0)

您可以递减maxLineLength并在计算结束时添加一个。

对于小于1的值,您可以使用相对于第一个值标准化所有值的因子。起始值始终为1,或者以logaritmic视图为零。

var maxLineLength = 20,
    lineLen = function(max) {
        return function (x) {
            return (maxLineLength - 1) * Math.log(x) / Math.log(max) + 1;
        };
    },
    events = [0.1, 1, 5, 20, 50],
    normalized = events.map((v, _, a) => v / a[0]),
    max = Math.max.apply(null, normalized),
    result = normalized.map(lineLen(max));

console.log(result);
console.log(normalized);
.as-console-wrapper { max-height: 100% !important; top: 0; }

答案 3 :(得分:0)

更短但不会太短;更长但不会太长。

实际上我几年前遇到了同样的问题,并放弃了这个(也许?)。 我现在就在这里阅读你的问题,我想我刚刚找到了解决方案:转移

const log = (base, value) => (Math.log(value) / Math.log(base));

const weights = [0, 0.1, 1, 5, 20, 50, 100];
const base = Math.E; // Setting

const shifted = weights.map(x => x + base);
const logged = shifted.map(x => log(base, x));
const unshifted = logged.map(x => x - 1);

const total = unshifted.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
const ratio = unshifted.map(x => x / total);
const percents = ratio.map(x => x * 100);

console.log(percents);
// [
//   0,
//   0.35723375538333857,
//   3.097582209424984,
//   10.3192042142806,
//   20.994247877004888,
//   29.318026542735115,
//   35.91370540117108
// ]

可视化

对数基数越小,调整越多; 反之亦然。 其实我不知道原因。 XD



<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta name="author" content="K.">

		<title>Shorter but not too short; longer but not too long.</title>

		<style>
			canvas
			{
				background-color: whitesmoke;
			}
		</style>
	</head>

	<body>
		<canvas id="canvas" height="5"></canvas>

		<label>Weights: <input id="weights" type="text" value="[0, 0.1, 100, 1, 5, 20, 2.718, 50]">.</label>
		<label>Base: <input id="base" type="number" value="2.718281828459045">.</label>
		<button id="draw" type="button">Draw</button>

		<script>
			const input = new Proxy({}, {
				get(_, thing)
				{
					return eval(document.getElementById(thing).value);
				}
			});
			const color = ["tomato", "black"];
			const canvas_element = document.getElementById("canvas");
			const canvas_context = canvas_element.getContext("2d");
			canvas_element.width = document.body.clientWidth;

			document.getElementById("draw").addEventListener("click", _ => {
				const log = (base, value) => (Math.log(value) / Math.log(base));

				const weights = input.weights;
				const base = input.base;

				const orig_total = weights.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
				const orig_percents = weights.map(x => x / orig_total * 100);

				const adjusted = weights.map(x => x + base);
				const logged = adjusted.map(x => log(base, x));
				const rebased = logged.map(x => x - 1);

				const total = rebased.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
				const ratio = rebased.map(x => x / total);
				const percents = ratio.map(x => x * 100);
				const result = percents.map((percent, index) => `${weights[index]} | ${orig_percents[index]}% --> ${percent}% (${color[index & 1]})`);
				console.info(result);

				let position = 0;
				ratio.forEach((rate, index) => {
					canvas_context.beginPath();
					canvas_context.moveTo(position, 0);
					position += (canvas_element.width * rate);
					canvas_context.lineTo(position, 0);
					canvas_context.lineWidth = 10;
					canvas_context.strokeStyle = color[index & 1];
					canvas_context.stroke();
				});
			});
		</script>
	</body>
</html>
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答案 4 :(得分:0)

您正在缩放这些数字。您的起始集是域,您最终得到的是范围。听起来,这种转变的形状将是记录或跟随力量。

事实证明,这是许多领域中非常常见的问题,尤其是数据可视化。这就是为什么D3.js - 数据可视化工具 - everything you need可以轻松完成这项工作的原因。

 const x = d3.scale.log().range([0, events]);

这是工作的权利。如果你需要做一些图表,你们都已经完成了!

答案 5 :(得分:0)

只要您的活动是&gt; 0您可以通过缩放事件来避免移动,因此最小值大于1.除了您已经拥有的最大行长度之外,还可以根据最小行长度计算标量。

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// generates an array of line lengths between minLineLength and maxLineLength
// assumes events contains only values > 0 and 0 < minLineLength < maxLineLength
function generateLineLengths(events, minLineLength, maxLineLength) {
  var min = Math.min.apply(null, events);
  var max = Math.max.apply(null, events);

  //calculate scalar that sets line length for the minimum value in events to minLineLength
  var mmr = minLineLength / maxLineLength;
  var scalar = Math.pow(Math.pow(max, mmr) / min, 1 / (1 - mmr));

  function lineLength(x) {
    return maxLineLength * (Math.log(x * scalar) / Math.log(max * scalar));
  }

  return events.map(lineLength)
}

var events = [0.1, 1, 5, 20, 50];

console.log('Between 1 and 20')
generateLineLengths(events, 1, 20).forEach(function(x) {
  console.log(x)
})
// 1
// 8.039722549519123
// 12.960277450480875
// 17.19861274759562
// 20

console.log('Between 5 and 25')
generateLineLengths(events, 5, 25).forEach(function(x) {
  console.log(x)
})
// 5
// 12.410234262651711
// 17.58976573734829
// 22.05117131325855
// 25
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