Oracle:获取一个查询以始终返回一行,即使没有数据可以找到

时间:2011-01-13 16:59:09

标签: sql oracle ora-01403

我有这样的查询:

   select data_name
   into v_name
   from data_table
   where data_table.type = v_t_id

通常,此查询应该只返回一行。当v_t_id上没有匹配项时,程序将失败并显示“未找到数据”例外。

我知道我可以在PL / SQL中处理这个问题,但我想知道是否有办法只在查询中执行此操作。作为测试,我试过了:

select case
           when subq.data_name is null then
            'UNKNOWN'
           else
            subq.data_name
       end
from (select data_name
       from data_table
       where data_table.type = '53' /*53 does not exist, will result in 0 rows. Need fix this...*/
       ) subq;

...但这显然不起作用(因为subq为空,与subq.data_name is null不同)。这是可能的还是我应该检查我的PL / SQL解决方案?

(oracle 10g)

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:18)

有办法让这更简单,更清洁,但这基本上说明了这项技术:

SELECT data_name
FROM data_table
WHERE data_table.type = v_t_id

UNION ALL

SELECT NULL AS data_name
FROM dual
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
    SELECT data_name
    FROM data_table
    WHERE data_table.type = v_t_id
)

当union的第一部分为空时,第二部分将包含一行,当第一部分不为空时,第二部分将不包含任何行。

如果查询需要花费很多时间,请使用以下内容:

SELECT * FROM (  
    SELECT data_name
    FROM data_table
    WHERE data_table.type = v_t_id

    UNION ALL

    SELECT NULL AS data_name
    FROM dual
  ) WHERE data_name is not null or ROWNUM = 1

答案 1 :(得分:9)

我更愿意处理异常。但是,这可以在您指定时使用:

select min(data_name) data_name
into v_name
from data_table
where data_table.type = v_t_id

请注意,如果查询返回更多而不是1行,这也会“有效” - 即不会引发TOO_MANY_ROWS。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

 select coalesce(data_table.data_name, d.data_name) data_name
   into v_name
   from 
   (SELECT 'UNKNOWN ' as data_name FROM DUAL)  d
   LEFT JOIN data_table
   ON data_table.type = v_t_id
          or a.data_table.data_name is null

答案 3 :(得分:1)

这是我使用LEFT OUTER JOIN的简单解决方案:

CREATE TABLE data_table(data_name VARCHAR2(20), data_type NUMBER(2));

INSERT INTO data_table(data_name, data_type) VALUES('fifty-one', 51);

SELECT coalesce(data_name, 'unknown')
  FROM dual
  LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT data_name FROM data_table WHERE data_type = 53) o
    ON 1 = 1;

SELECT coalesce(data_name, 'unknown')
  FROM dual
  LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT data_name FROM data_table WHERE data_type = 51) o
    ON 1 = 1;

答案 4 :(得分:0)

如果您总是期望零行或一行,那么您可以使用组函数,即:

select dump(max(dummy)) from dual
where dummy = 'Not Found'

在找不到记录的情况下,您将始终获得至少一行和NULL值。

答案 5 :(得分:0)

https://stackoverflow.com/a/4683045/471149答案很好,但有更短的解决方案

select * from my_table ce, (select 150 as id from dual) d
where d.id = ce.entry_id (+)