我是scrapy和scrapy-splash的新手。我试图制作一个非常简单的脚本：获取网页的截图。不幸的是，我在抓取过程中得到了一个重定向，我得到的截图不是我想要的（网页上的订单是默认的，而不是我想要的）。
我尝试在我的启动请求中添加“splash_url = url”以强制网址，但后来我收到404错误（“HTTP状态代码未处理或不允许”）。
当我在浏览器上试用网址时（http：// ***：8050 /），我得到了预期的屏幕截图。
我做错了什么？
这是我的蜘蛛：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
import base64
import os
class SplashtestSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'splashtest'
allowed_domains = ['booking.com']
start_urls = ['https://www.booking.com/searchresults.fr.html?city=1456928;dest_type=city;ss=paris;order=score']
def parse(self, response):
for url in self.start_urls:
yield SplashRequest(url,self.parse_info,endpoint='render.json',#splash_url=url,
args={'html':1,'png':1,'render_all':1,'wait':5})
def parse_info(self, response):
path = os.getcwd()+"\\screenshot.png"
png_bytes = base64.b64decode(response.data['png'])
fichierpng = open(path,"wb")
fichierpng.write(png_bytes)
fichierpng.close()
这是我的设置文件：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Scrapy settings for SplashTest project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'SplashTest'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['SplashTest.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'SplashTest.spiders'
SPLASH_URL = 'http://192.168.99.100:8050/'
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'scrapy_splash.SplashCookiesMiddleware': 723,
'scrapy_splash.SplashMiddleware': 725,
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware': 810,
}
SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'scrapy_splash.SplashDeduplicateArgsMiddleware': 100,
}
DUPEFILTER_CLASS = 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareDupeFilter'
HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage'
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 1
CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 1
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
日志是：
2017-10-02 13:29:43 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.4.0 started (bot: SplashTest)
2017-10-02 13:29:43 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Overridden settings: {'AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED': True, 'BOT_NAME': 'SplashTest', 'CONCURRENT_REQUESTS': 1, 'CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN': 1, 'DUPEFILTER_CLASS': 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareDupeFilter', 'HTTPCACHE_STORAGE': 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage', 'LOG_FILE': 'log.txt', 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'SplashTest.spiders', 'ROBOTSTXT_OBEY': True, 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['SplashTest.spiders']}
2017-10-02 13:29:43 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats',
'scrapy.extensions.throttle.AutoThrottle']
2017-10-02 13:29:44 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.robotstxt.RobotsTxtMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
'scrapy_splash.SplashCookiesMiddleware',
'scrapy_splash.SplashMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2017-10-02 13:29:44 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
'scrapy_splash.SplashDeduplicateArgsMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2017-10-02 13:29:44 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2017-10-02 13:29:44 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2017-10-02 13:29:44 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2017-10-02 13:29:44 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2017-10-02 13:29:44 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.booking.com/robots.txt> (referer: None)
2017-10-02 13:29:51 [scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect] DEBUG: Redirecting (301) to <GET https://www.booking.com/searchresults.fr.html?city=1456928;dest_type=city;ss=paris> from <GET https://www.booking.com/searchresults.fr.html?city=1456928;dest_type=city;ss=paris;order=score>
2017-10-02 13:29:56 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.booking.com/searchresults.fr.html?city=1456928;dest_type=city;ss=paris> (referer: None)
2017-10-02 13:29:57 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (404) <GET http://192.168.99.100:8050/robots.txt> (referer: None)
2017-10-02 13:30:06 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.booking.com/searchresults.fr.html?city=1456928;dest_type=city;ss=paris;order=score via http://192.168.99.100:8050/render.json> (referer: None)
2017-10-02 13:30:06 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2017-10-02 13:30:06 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 2202,
'downloader/request_count': 5,
'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 4,
'downloader/request_method_count/POST': 1,
'downloader/response_bytes': 3833046,
'downloader/response_count': 5,
'downloader/response_status_count/200': 3,
'downloader/response_status_count/301': 1,
'downloader/response_status_count/404': 1,
'finish_reason': 'finished',
'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 11, 30, 6, 773931),
'log_count/DEBUG': 6,
'log_count/INFO': 7,
'request_depth_max': 1,
'response_received_count': 4,
'scheduler/dequeued': 4,
'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 4,
'scheduler/enqueued': 4,
'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 4,
'splash/render.json/request_count': 1,
'splash/render.json/response_count/200': 1,
'start_time': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 11, 29, 44, 45545)}
2017-10-02 13:30:06 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)