我试图修改面向对象的编程概念。在浏览这个基本的C ++示例here时,我发现在设置成员变量的值时没有使用this->
关键字。然后,我修改了此程序以设置使用this
关键字。令人惊讶的是,两者都有效(this和this)。
#include <iostream> // for cout and cin
class Cat // begin declaration of the class
{
public: // begin public section
Cat(int initialAge); // constructor
Cat(const Cat& copy_from); //copy constructor
Cat& operator=(const Cat& copy_from); //copy assignment
~Cat(); // destructor
int GetAge() const; // accessor function
void SetAge(int age); // accessor function
void Meow();
private: // begin private section
int itsAge; // member variable
char * string;
};
// constructor of Cat,
Cat::Cat(int initialAge)
{
itsAge = initialAge;
string = new char[10]();
}
//copy constructor for making a new copy of a Cat
Cat::Cat(const Cat& copy_from) {
itsAge = copy_from.itsAge;
string = new char[10]();
std::copy(copy_from.string+0, copy_from.string+10, string);
}
//copy assignment for assigning a value from one Cat to another
Cat& Cat::operator=(const Cat& copy_from) {
itsAge = copy_from.itsAge;
std::copy(copy_from.string+0, copy_from.string+10, string);
}
Cat::~Cat() // destructor, just an example
{
delete[] string;
}
// GetAge, Public accessor function
// returns value of itsAge member
int Cat::GetAge() const
{
return itsAge;
}
// Definition of SetAge, public
// accessor function
void Cat::SetAge(int age)
{
// set member variable its age to
// value passed in by parameter age
itsAge = age;
}
// definition of Meow method
// returns: void
// parameters: None
// action: Prints "meow" to screen
void Cat::Meow()
{
cout << "Meow.\n";
}
// create a cat, set its age, have it
// meow, tell us its age, then meow again.
int main()
{
int Age;
cout<<"How old is Frisky? ";
cin>>Age;
Cat Frisky(Age);
Frisky.Meow();
cout << "Frisky is a cat who is " ;
cout << Frisky.GetAge() << " years old.\n";
Frisky.Meow();
Age++;
Frisky.SetAge(Age);
cout << "Now Frisky is " ;
cout << Frisky.GetAge() << " years old.\n";
return 0;
}
所以我的问题是,我们是否应该在此上下文中使用this
关键字(在设置成员变量的值时)?谢谢!
修改或者,这是个人偏好,如上所述here?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
在示例的上下文中,关键字this
通常用于自我文档,以区分类的非静态成员与局部变量。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
构造
// constructor of Cat,
Cat::Cat(int initialAge)
{
itsAge = initialAge;
string = new char[10]();
}
你应该把它写成:
// constructor of Cat,
Cat::Cat(int itsAge)
: itsAge(itsAge),
string(new char[10])
{
}
复制构造函数:
//copy constructor for making a new copy of a Cat
Cat::Cat(const Cat& copy_from) {
itsAge = copy_from.itsAge;
string = new char[10]();
std::copy(copy_from.string+0, copy_from.string+10, string);
}
你应该把它写成:
Cat::Cat(const Cat& copy_from)
: itsAge(copy_from.itsAge),
string(new char[10])
{
std::copy(copy_from.string, copy_from.string+sizeof string, string);
}
复制作业:
//copy assignment for assigning a value from one Cat to another
Cat& Cat::operator=(const Cat& copy_from) {
itsAge = copy_from.itsAge;
std::copy(copy_from.string+0, copy_from.string+10, string);
}
你应该把它写成:
Cat& Cat::operator=(const Cat& copy_from)
{
this->itsAge = copy_from.itsAge;
std::copy(copy_from.string, copy_from.string + sizeof string, string);
}
的Mutator:
// Definition of SetAge, public
// accessor function
void Cat::SetAge(int age)
{
// set member variable its age to
// value passed in by parameter age
itsAge = age;
}
你应该把它写成:
void Cat::SetAge(int itsAge)
{
this->itsAge = itsAgege;
}
换句话说:
this->
来消除歧义或错误。