在C中遇到段错误

时间:2017-08-14 13:37:09

标签: c pointers

编辑:底部的工作代码

我相对较新的编程,我试图理解为什么这不起作用。我决定通过函数而不是main()来处理卡片,以使其尽可能保持模块化。这是我下面的代码;我知道错误与指针有关,但我不明白我做错了什么。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>

int dealCards (char* cards[52][30], int* x, int* y, int* a, int* b)
{
    time_t t;
    srand((unsigned) time(&t));

    printf("\n\nNow let's give you two random cards!\n\n");

    *x = rand() % 53;
    if (x != 0) {
        *x = x - 1;
    }

    *y = rand() % 53;
    if (y == x) {
        while (y == x) {
            y = rand() % 53;
        }
    }
    if (y != 0) {
        y = y - 1;
    }

    int i;
    printf("Card 1 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*x][i]);
        }
    printf("\nCard 2 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*y][i]);
        }

    printf("\n%d\n", x);
    printf("%d", y);

    printf("\n\nNow let's give your opponent two random cards!\n\n");

    *a = rand() % 53;
    if (a != 0) {
        a = a - 1;
    }
    if ((a == x) || (a == y)) {
        while ((a == x) || (a == y)) {
            *a = rand() % 53;
        }
    }

    *b = rand() % 53;
    if (b == a) {
        while ((b == a) || (b == x) || (b == y)) {
                *b = rand() % 53;
        }
    }
    if (b != 0) {
        *b = b - 1;
    }

    printf("Card 1 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*a][i]);
        }
    printf("\nCard 2 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*b][i]);
        }

    printf("\n%d\n", a);
    printf("%d", b);
}

int main()
{
    char deck[52][30] = { 
        {"_____\n|2♥ |\n|   |\n|_2♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♥ |\n|   |\n|_3♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♥ |\n|   |\n|_4♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♥ |\n|   |\n|_5♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♥ |\n|   |\n|_6♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♥ |\n|   |\n|_7♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♥ |\n|   |\n|_8♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♥ |\n|   |\n|_9♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♥|\n|   |\n|10♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♥ |\n|   |\n|_J♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♥ |\n|   |\n|_Q♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♥ |\n|   |\n|_K♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♥ |\n|   |\n|_A♥|\n"},

        {"_____\n|2♦ |\n|   |\n|_2♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♦ |\n|   |\n|_3♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♦ |\n|   |\n|_4♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♦ |\n|   |\n|_5♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♦ |\n|   |\n|_6♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♦ |\n|   |\n|_7♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♦ |\n|   |\n|_8♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♦ |\n|   |\n|_9♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♦|\n|   |\n|10♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♦ |\n|   |\n|_J♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♦ |\n|   |\n|_Q♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♦ |\n|   |\n|_K♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♦ |\n|   |\n|_A♦|\n"},

        {"_____\n|2♠ |\n|   |\n|_2♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♠ |\n|   |\n|_3♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♠ |\n|   |\n|_4♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♠ |\n|   |\n|_5♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♠ |\n|   |\n|_6♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♠ |\n|   |\n|_7♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♠ |\n|   |\n|_8♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♠ |\n|   |\n|_9♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♠|\n|   |\n|10♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♠ |\n|   |\n|_J♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♠ |\n|   |\n|_Q♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♠ |\n|   |\n|_K♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♠ |\n|   |\n|_A♠|\n"},

        {"_____\n|2♣ |\n|   |\n|_2♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♣ |\n|   |\n|_3♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♣ |\n|   |\n|_4♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♣ |\n|   |\n|_5♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♣ |\n|   |\n|_6♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♣ |\n|   |\n|_7♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♣ |\n|   |\n|_8♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♣ |\n|   |\n|_9♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♣|\n|   |\n|10♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♣ |\n|   |\n|_J♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♣ |\n|   |\n|_Q♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♣ |\n|   |\n|_K♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♣ |\n|   |\n|_A♣|\n"},
    };

    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < 52; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 30; j++) {
            printf("%c", deck[i][j]);
        }
    }

    //dealing
    int heroFirst, heroSecond, villainFirst, villainSecond;

    dealCards(deck, &heroFirst, &heroSecond, &villainFirst, &villainSecond);


    //bets
}

工作代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>

int dealCards (char cards[52][30], int *x, int *y, int *a, int *b)
{
    time_t t;
    srand((unsigned) time(&t));

    printf("\n\nYour cards:\n\n");

    *x = rand() % 53;
    if (*x != 0) {
        *x = *x - 1;
    }

    *y = rand() % 53;
    if (*y == *x) {
        while (*y == *x) {
            *y = rand() % 53;
        }
    }
    if (*y != 0) {
        *y = *y - 1;
    }

    int i;
    printf("Card 1 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*x][i]);
        }
    printf("\nCard 2 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*y][i]);
        }

    printf("\n\nVillain cards:\n\n");

    *a = rand() % 53;
    if (*a != 0) {
        *a = *a - 1;
    }
    if ((*a == *x) || (*a == *y)) {
        while ((*a == *x) || (*a == *y)) {
            *a = rand() % 53;
        }
    }

    *b = rand() % 53;
    if (*b == *a) {
        while ((*b == *a) || (*b == *x) || (*b == *y)) {
                *b = rand() % 53;
        }
    }
    if (*b != 0) {
        *b = *b - 1;
    }

    printf("Card 1 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*a][i]);
        }
    printf("\nCard 2 >\n");
    for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
            printf("%c", cards[*b][i]);
        }
}

int main()
{
    char deck[52][30] = { 
        {"_____\n|2♥ |\n|   |\n|_2♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♥ |\n|   |\n|_3♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♥ |\n|   |\n|_4♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♥ |\n|   |\n|_5♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♥ |\n|   |\n|_6♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♥ |\n|   |\n|_7♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♥ |\n|   |\n|_8♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♥ |\n|   |\n|_9♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♥|\n|   |\n|10♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♥ |\n|   |\n|_J♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♥ |\n|   |\n|_Q♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♥ |\n|   |\n|_K♥|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♥ |\n|   |\n|_A♥|\n"},

        {"_____\n|2♦ |\n|   |\n|_2♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♦ |\n|   |\n|_3♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♦ |\n|   |\n|_4♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♦ |\n|   |\n|_5♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♦ |\n|   |\n|_6♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♦ |\n|   |\n|_7♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♦ |\n|   |\n|_8♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♦ |\n|   |\n|_9♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♦|\n|   |\n|10♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♦ |\n|   |\n|_J♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♦ |\n|   |\n|_Q♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♦ |\n|   |\n|_K♦|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♦ |\n|   |\n|_A♦|\n"},

        {"_____\n|2♠ |\n|   |\n|_2♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♠ |\n|   |\n|_3♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♠ |\n|   |\n|_4♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♠ |\n|   |\n|_5♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♠ |\n|   |\n|_6♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♠ |\n|   |\n|_7♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♠ |\n|   |\n|_8♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♠ |\n|   |\n|_9♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♠|\n|   |\n|10♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♠ |\n|   |\n|_J♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♠ |\n|   |\n|_Q♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♠ |\n|   |\n|_K♠|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♠ |\n|   |\n|_A♠|\n"},

        {"_____\n|2♣ |\n|   |\n|_2♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|3♣ |\n|   |\n|_3♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|4♣ |\n|   |\n|_4♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|5♣ |\n|   |\n|_5♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|6♣ |\n|   |\n|_6♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|7♣ |\n|   |\n|_7♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|8♣ |\n|   |\n|_8♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|9♣ |\n|   |\n|_9♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|10♣|\n|   |\n|10♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|J♣ |\n|   |\n|_J♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|Q♣ |\n|   |\n|_Q♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|K♣ |\n|   |\n|_K♣|\n"},
        {"_____\n|A♣ |\n|   |\n|_A♣|\n"},
    };

    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < 52; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 30; j++) {
            printf("%c", deck[i][j]);
        }
    }

    double heroStack, villainStack;
    printf("\n-----------------------------");
    printf("\nWelcome to Heads Up Hold 'Em!");
    printf("\n-----------------------------");

    printf("\nHow many chips are your going to start off with?\n> ");
    scanf("%lf", &heroStack);
    villainStack = heroStack;

    printf("\nYour chipstack: %.lf\n", heroStack);
    printf("Villain's chipstack: %.lf\n", villainStack);

    //dealing
    int heroFirst, heroSecond, villainFirst, villainSecond;

    dealCards(deck, &heroFirst, &heroSecond, &villainFirst, &villainSecond);
    printf("\n%d\n", heroFirst);
    printf("%d\n", heroSecond);
    printf("%d\n", villainFirst);
    printf("%d\n", villainSecond);

    //bets
    //double heroBet, villainBet;
    //printf("\nYour move");
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

问题是你在获得价值和计算价值之间混淆不清 这个if(和类似的),你知道你在做什么吗?

*x = rand() % 53; if (x != 0) { *x = x - 1; }

好吧,你的函数中的x是一个指针,这意味着,如果你想获取或分配一个值,你必须使用*之类的运算符*x = rand() % 53 但是当你比较x != 0时,编译器会认为你正在检查x是否为NULL(默认情况下,NULL是0)。因此,它不是上述语句的值,这将导致您出现逻辑错误。

如果你仔细观察main,你会发现xy和你传递的类似参数永远不会为NULL,因为它们是在{{1}本地创建的功能,直到你离开它仍然存在。因此,您的语句main将意外运行,这可能会导致您的段错误

我认为您使用交易函数来获取这些变量的随机值

*x = x - 1

因此,您可以通过声明函数传递这些值,如下所示: int heroFirst, heroSecond, villainFirst, villainSecond; 然后像这样调用你的函数 int dealCards (char cards[52][30], int& x, int& y, int& a, int& b)

在您的dealCards定义中,只需移除dealCards (deck, heroFirst, heroSecond, villainFirst, villainSecond)之类的*或类似内容,您的功能将正常工作(如果您知道将要执行的操作,那些*x x 此外,您可以安全地打印整个字符串而不使用像这样的for循环,它看起来很糟糕,不是吗?

y

只需正常打印即可 for (i = 0; i < 30; i++) { printf("%c", cards[*y][i]); }

Eddited:

  • 语法

  • 您应该将您的cardDecks重新声明为上述评论以使其有效