ed25519。公共结果不同

时间:2017-06-28 19:09:58

标签: go cryptography ed25519

使用包https://github.com/golang/crypto/tree/master/ed25519我试图获取给定私钥的公钥。

这些数据来自http://www.bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0044.html:测试2(可盐加盐)

问题是,ed25519.Public()在用给定私钥提供它时不会返回相同的公钥。 golang实现返回PVK的最后32个字节。但在我的测试数据中,这是出乎意料的。

此处的代码https://play.golang.org/p/UJNPCyuGQB

package main

import (
    "encoding/hex"
    "golang.org/x/crypto/ed25519"
    "log"
)

func main() {
    priv := "e06d3183d14159228433ed599221b80bd0a5ce8352e4bdf0262f76786ef1c74db7e7a9fea2c0eb269d61e3b38e450a22e754941ac78479d6c54e1faf6037881d"
    pub := "77ff84905a91936367c01360803104f92432fcd904a43511876df5cdf3e7e548"
    sig := "6834284b6b24c3204eb2fea824d82f88883a3d95e8b4a21b8c0ded553d17d17ddf9a8a7104b1258f30bed3787e6cb896fca78c58f8e03b5f18f14951a87d9a08"
    // d := hex.EncodeToString([]byte(priv))
    privb, _ := hex.DecodeString(priv)
    pvk := ed25519.PrivateKey(privb)
    buffer := []byte("4:salt6:foobar3:seqi1e1:v12:Hello World!")
    sigb := ed25519.Sign(pvk, buffer)
    pubb, _ := hex.DecodeString(pub)
    sigb2, _ := hex.DecodeString(sig)
    log.Println(ed25519.Verify(pubb, buffer, sigb))
    log.Printf("%x\n", pvk.Public())
    log.Printf("%x\n", sigb)
    log.Printf("%x\n", sigb2)
}

如何使用golang生成与bep相同的公钥?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

这是由于不同的ed25519私钥格式造成的。 ed25519密钥以32字节种子开始。该种子用SHA512进行散列,产生64个字节(也会翻转几个位)。它们的前32个字节用于生成公钥(也是32个字节),最后32个字节用于生成签名。

Golang私钥格式是与32字节公钥连接的32字节种子。您正在使用的Bittorrent文档中的私钥是散列的64字节结果(或者可能只是64个随机字节,其使用方式与散列结果相同)。

由于无法反转哈希值,因此无法将Bittorrent键转换为Golang API可接受的格式。

您可以根据现有软件包生成Golang lib的版本。

以下代码取决于内部包golang.org/x/crypto/ed25519/internal/edwards25519,因此如果要使用它,则需要将该包复制出来,以便代码可以使用它。它也非常“粗糙和准备好”,我基本上只是从现有代码中复制了所需的代码块,以使其工作。

请注意,公钥和签名格式是相同的,因此只要您不共享私钥,就不需要使用此代码来获得有效的实现。如果要检查测试向量,则只需要它。

首先从私钥生成公钥:

// Generate the public key corresponding to the already hashed private
// key.
//
// This code is mostly copied from GenerateKey in the
// golang.org/x/crypto/ed25519 package, from after the SHA512
// calculation of the seed.
func getPublicKey(privateKey []byte) []byte {
    var A edwards25519.ExtendedGroupElement
    var hBytes [32]byte
    copy(hBytes[:], privateKey)
    edwards25519.GeScalarMultBase(&A, &hBytes)
    var publicKeyBytes [32]byte
    A.ToBytes(&publicKeyBytes)

    return publicKeyBytes[:]
}

接下来生成签名:

// Calculate the signature from the (pre hashed) private key, public key
// and message.
//
// This code is mostly copied from the Sign function from
// golang.org/x/crypto/ed25519, from after the SHA512 calculation of the
// seed.
func sign(privateKey, publicKey, message []byte) []byte {

    var privateKeyA [32]byte
    copy(privateKeyA[:], privateKey) // we need this in an array later
    var messageDigest, hramDigest [64]byte

    h := sha512.New()
    h.Write(privateKey[32:])
    h.Write(message)
    h.Sum(messageDigest[:0])

    var messageDigestReduced [32]byte
    edwards25519.ScReduce(&messageDigestReduced, &messageDigest)
    var R edwards25519.ExtendedGroupElement
    edwards25519.GeScalarMultBase(&R, &messageDigestReduced)

    var encodedR [32]byte
    R.ToBytes(&encodedR)

    h.Reset()
    h.Write(encodedR[:])
    h.Write(publicKey)
    h.Write(message)
    h.Sum(hramDigest[:0])
    var hramDigestReduced [32]byte
    edwards25519.ScReduce(&hramDigestReduced, &hramDigest)

    var s [32]byte
    edwards25519.ScMulAdd(&s, &hramDigestReduced, &privateKeyA, &messageDigestReduced)

    signature := make([]byte, 64)
    copy(signature[:], encodedR[:])
    copy(signature[32:], s[:])

    return signature
}

最后,我们可以使用这两个函数来演示测试向量:

privateKeyHex := "e06d3183d14159228433ed599221b80bd0a5ce8352e4bdf0262f76786ef1c74db7e7a9fea2c0eb269d61e3b38e450a22e754941ac78479d6c54e1faf6037881d"

expectedPublicKey := "77ff84905a91936367c01360803104f92432fcd904a43511876df5cdf3e7e548"
expectedSig := "6834284b6b24c3204eb2fea824d82f88883a3d95e8b4a21b8c0ded553d17d17ddf9a8a7104b1258f30bed3787e6cb896fca78c58f8e03b5f18f14951a87d9a08"

privateKey, _ := hex.DecodeString(privateKeyHex)
publicKey := getPublicKey(privateKey)

fmt.Printf("Calculated key: %x\n", publicKey)
fmt.Printf("Expected key:   %s\n", expectedPublicKey)
keyMatches := expectedPublicKey == hex.EncodeToString(publicKey)
fmt.Printf("Public key matches expected: %v\n", keyMatches)

buffer := []byte("4:salt6:foobar3:seqi1e1:v12:Hello World!")
calculatedSig := sign(privateKey, publicKey, buffer)

fmt.Printf("Calculated sig: %x\n", calculatedSig)
fmt.Printf("Expected sig:   %s\n", expectedSig)
sigMatches := expectedSig == hex.EncodeToString(calculatedSig)
fmt.Printf("Signature matches expected: %v\n", sigMatches)