Question

我正在构建一个脚本，其中包含Try statement Try块和多个Catch块。 PowerShell中的This page has provided a good guide to help with identifying error types，以及如何在catch语句中处理它们。

到目前为止，我一直在使用Write-Error。我认为可以使用其中一个可选参数（Category或CategoryTargetType）来指定错误类型，然后使用专门用于该类型的catch块。

没有运气：该类型始终列为Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException throw给了我我正在追求的东西。

代码

[CmdletBinding()]param()

Function Do-Something {
    [CmdletBinding()]param()
    Write-Error "something happened" -Category InvalidData
}

try{
    Write-host "running Do-Something..."
    Do-Something -ErrorAction Stop

}catch [System.IO.InvalidDataException]{ # would like to catch write-error here
    Write-Host "1 caught"
}catch [Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException]{ # it's caught here
    Write-host "1 kind of caught" 
}catch{
    Write-Host "1 not caught properly: $($Error[0].exception.GetType().fullname)"
}


Function Do-SomethingElse {
    [CmdletBinding()]param()
    throw  [System.IO.InvalidDataException] "something else happened"
}

try{
    Write-host "`nrunning Do-SomethingElse..."
    Do-SomethingElse -ErrorAction Stop

}catch [System.IO.InvalidDataException]{  # caught here, as wanted
    Write-Host "2 caught"
}catch{
    Write-Host "2 not caught properly: $($Error[0].exception.GetType().fullname)"
}

输出

running Do-Something...
1 kind of caught

running Do-SomethingElse...
2 caught

我的代码正在做我想要的事情;当Write-Error完成工作时，它不必是throw。我想了解的是：

是否可以使用Write-Error指定类型（或以其他方式区分Write-Error错误），以便可以在不同的 catch 块？

<子> N.B。我知道$Error[1] -like "something happen*"并使用if / else块处理是一种选择。

<子> Closest related question I could find on SO - Write-Error v throw in terminating/non-terminating context

Answer 1

您可以使用-Exception参数指定要从Write-Error中抛出的异常类型，请参阅下面的示例（PS5）或Get-Help Write-Error的示例4： https://msdn.microsoft.com/powershell/reference/5.1/microsoft.powershell.utility/Write-Error

try { 
    Write-Error -ErrorAction Stop -Exception ([System.OutOfMemoryException]::new())  } 
catch [System.OutOfMemoryException] { 
    "Just system.OutOfMemoryException"
} catch {
    "Other exceptions"
}

可以使用Write-Error指定错误类型，还是仅使用throw？

1 个答案: