Question

我刚开始学习编程并决定做一些自我锻炼。

我很难识别，从用逗号和空格分隔的字符串中拆分数据，然后将每个数据分别放到不同的变量中。如果给出的规格总是完整的，我没有问题。我只是使用split然后将索引分配给变量。问题不是所有字符串都有完整的数据。我很难过

specs1 = "100,013km, Automatic, Petrol, 2360cc"
specs2 = "Manual, Diesel, 2500cc"
specs3 = "7,480km, Automatic, Electric"

我想要实现的是输出如下： 规格是用户输入

-------------
Enter specs: 100,013km, Automatic, Petrol, 2360cc

Odometer: 100,013km
Transmission: Automatic
Fuel Type: Petrol
Engine Size: 2360cc


-------------
Enter specs: Manual, Diesel, 2500cc

Odometer: undefined
Transmission: Manual
Fuel Type: Diesel
Engine Size: 2500cc

-------------
Enter specs: 7,480km, Automatic, Electric

Odometer: 7,480km
Transmission: Automatic
Fuel Type: Electric
Engine Size: undefined

有人可以帮助我解决这个问题并解释它。我真的很感激。提前谢谢！

Answer 1

我建议您使用str.rsplit()来破解逗号字符。
就像这样：s1 = specs1.rsplit(', ')
根据你的目标，不只是使用简单的印刷品或foreach。

Answer 2

from collections import OrderedDict

specs_dict = OrderedDict([('Odometer', 'undefined'), ('Transmission', 'undefined'), ('Engine Size', 'undefined'), ('Engine Size', 'undefined')])

for spec in specs.split(\'):
    if 'km' in spec.lower() or 'mi' in spec.lower():
        specs_dict['Odometer'] = spec.strip()
    elif 'cc' in spec.lower():
        specs_dict['Engine size'] = spec.strip()
    elif spec.lower() in ['automatic', 'manual']:
        specs_dict['Transmission'] = spec.strip()
    else:
        specs_dict['Fuel Type'] = spec.strip()

for k, v in specs_dict:
    print('{}: {}'.format(k, v))

订购字典会保留您的订单。

最初所有规格都预设为未定义，然后根据用户输入开始设置。

Answer 3

使用split(str=", ")拆分输入，然后从临时列表中逐个拉取字符串，并将它们与某些条件进行比较，将它们放在最终列表中的正确位置。

def func(specs_list_temp):
    if "km" in specs_list_temp[0]:
        specs_list.append(specs_list_temp[0])
        specs_list_temp.pop(0)
    else: 
        specs_list.append("undefined")
    if specs_list_temp[0] in ("Automatic", "Manual"):
        specs_list.append(specs_list_temp[0])
        specs_list_temp.pop(0)
    else: 
        specs_list.append("undefined")
    if specs_list_temp[0] in ("Petrol", "Diesel", "Electric"):
        specs_list.append(specs_list_temp[0])
        specs_list_temp.pop(0)
    else: 
        specs_list.append("undefined")
    if "cc" in specs_list_temp[0]:
        specs_list.append(specs_list_temp[0])
    else: 
        specs_list.append("undefined")

specs1 = "100,013km, Automatic, Petrol, 2360cc"
specs1_list_temp = specs1.split(str=", ")
specs1_list_temp.append("undefined")
specs1_list = func(specs1_list_temp)

Answer 4

def to_int(s):
    """
    Convert a digit string with commas, ie "1,234,567"
      to an integer, ie 1234567
    """
    return int(s.replace(',', ''))

class Spec:
    TRANS_TYPES = {"automatic", "manual"}
    FUEL_TYPES = {"diesel", "electric", "petrol"}

    @classmethod
    def loads(cls, s, sep=", "):
        args = {}
        for arg in s.split(sep):
            arg = arg.strip().lower()
            if arg.endswith('km'):
                args['odo'] = to_int(arg[:-2].strip())
            elif arg in cls.TRANS_TYPES:
                args['trans'] = arg
            elif arg in cls.FUEL_TYPES:
                args['fuel'] = arg
            elif arg.endswith('cc'):
                args['eng'] = to_int(arg[:-2].strip())
            else:
                raise ValueError('unrecognized input ({})'.format(arg))
        return cls(**args)

    def __init__(self, odo=None, trans=None, fuel=None, eng=None):
        self.odo   = odo
        self.trans = trans
        self.fuel  = fuel
        self.eng   = eng

    def __str__(self):
        odo   = "undefined" if self.odo   is None else "{:,d} km".format(self.odo)
        trans = "undefined" if self.trans is None else self.trans.title()
        fuel  = "undefined" if self.fuel  is None else self.fuel.title()
        eng   = "undefined" if self.eng   is None else "{:d}cc".format(self.eng)
        return (
            "Odometer: {odo}\n"
            "Transmission: {trans}\n"
            "Fuel Type: {fuel}\n"
            "Engine Size: {eng}"
        ).format(odo=odo, trans=trans, fuel=fuel, eng=eng)

然后

def main():
    # data strings
    specs = [
        "100,013km, Automatic, Petrol, 2360cc",
        "Manual, Diesel, 2500cc",
        "7,480km, Automatic, Electric"
    ]

    for spec in specs:
        print("-------------")
        print("Enter specs:", spec)
        car = Spec.loads(spec)
        print("\n{}\n\n".format(car))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

产生

-------------
Enter specs: 100,013km, Automatic, Petrol, 2360cc

Odometer: 100,013 km
Transmission: Automatic
Fuel Type: Petrol
Engine Size: 2360cc


-------------
Enter specs: Manual, Diesel, 2500cc

Odometer: undefined
Transmission: Manual
Fuel Type: Diesel
Engine Size: 2500cc


-------------
Enter specs: 7,480km, Automatic, Electric

Odometer: 7,480 km
Transmission: Automatic
Fuel Type: Electric
Engine Size: undefined

Python - 搜索列表，分配给变量

4 个答案: