Question

我正在努力让Apple在2017 WWDC上演示的样本Core ML模型正常运行。我正在使用GoogLeNet来尝试对图像进行分类（请参阅Apple Machine Learning Page）。该模型将CVPixelBuffer作为输入。我有一个名为imageSample.jpg的图像，我将用于此演示。我的代码如下：

        var sample = UIImage(named: "imageSample")?.cgImage
        let bufferThree = getCVPixelBuffer(sample!)

        let model = GoogLeNetPlaces()
        guard let output = try? model.prediction(input: GoogLeNetPlacesInput.init(sceneImage: bufferThree!)) else {
            fatalError("Unexpected runtime error.")
        }

        print(output.sceneLabel)

我总是在输出中获得意外的运行时错误而不是图像分类。我转换图片的代码如下：

func getCVPixelBuffer(_ image: CGImage) -> CVPixelBuffer? {
        let imageWidth = Int(image.width)
        let imageHeight = Int(image.height)

        let attributes : [NSObject:AnyObject] = [
            kCVPixelBufferCGImageCompatibilityKey : true as AnyObject,
            kCVPixelBufferCGBitmapContextCompatibilityKey : true as AnyObject
        ]

        var pxbuffer: CVPixelBuffer? = nil
        CVPixelBufferCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,
                            imageWidth,
                            imageHeight,
                            kCVPixelFormatType_32ARGB,
                            attributes as CFDictionary?,
                            &pxbuffer)

        if let _pxbuffer = pxbuffer {
            let flags = CVPixelBufferLockFlags(rawValue: 0)
            CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(_pxbuffer, flags)
            let pxdata = CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(_pxbuffer)

            let rgbColorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
            let context = CGContext(data: pxdata,
                                    width: imageWidth,
                                    height: imageHeight,
                                    bitsPerComponent: 8,
                                    bytesPerRow: CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(_pxbuffer),
                                    space: rgbColorSpace,
                                    bitmapInfo: CGImageAlphaInfo.premultipliedFirst.rawValue)

            if let _context = context {
                _context.draw(image, in: CGRect.init(x: 0, y: 0, width: imageWidth, height: imageHeight))
            }
            else {
                CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(_pxbuffer, flags);
                return nil
            }

            CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(_pxbuffer, flags);
            return _pxbuffer;
        }

        return nil
    }

我从之前的StackOverflow帖子（最后一个答案here）获得了此代码。我认识到代码可能不正确，但我不知道自己该怎么做。我相信这是包含错误的部分。该模型需要以下类型的输入：Image<RGB,224,224>

Answer 1

你不需要自己做一堆图像修改就可以将Core ML模型与图像一起使用 - 新的Vision framework可以为你做到这一点。

import Vision
import CoreML

let model = try VNCoreMLModel(for: MyCoreMLGeneratedModelClass().model)
let request = VNCoreMLRequest(model: model, completionHandler: myResultsMethod)
let handler = VNImageRequestHandler(url: myImageURL)
handler.perform([request])

func myResultsMethod(request: VNRequest, error: Error?) {
    guard let results = request.results as? [VNClassificationObservation]
        else { fatalError("huh") }
    for classification in results {
        print(classification.identifier, // the scene label
              classification.confidence)
    }

}

WWDC17 session on Vision应该有更多信息 - 明天下午。

Answer 2

您可以使用纯CoreML，但应将图片大小调整为（224,224）

    DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInitiated).async {
        // Resnet50 expects an image 224 x 224, so we should resize and crop the source image
        let inputImageSize: CGFloat = 224.0
        let minLen = min(image.size.width, image.size.height)
        let resizedImage = image.resize(to: CGSize(width: inputImageSize * image.size.width / minLen, height: inputImageSize * image.size.height / minLen))
        let cropedToSquareImage = resizedImage.cropToSquare()

        guard let pixelBuffer = cropedToSquareImage?.pixelBuffer() else {
            fatalError()
        }
        guard let classifierOutput = try? self.classifier.prediction(image: pixelBuffer) else {
            fatalError()
        }

        DispatchQueue.main.async {
            self.title = classifierOutput.classLabel
        }
    }

// ...

extension UIImage {

    func resize(to newSize: CGSize) -> UIImage {
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(CGSize(width: newSize.width, height: newSize.height), true, 1.0)
        self.draw(in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: newSize.width, height: newSize.height))
        let resizedImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()!
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

        return resizedImage
    }

    func cropToSquare() -> UIImage? {
        guard let cgImage = self.cgImage else {
            return nil
        }
        var imageHeight = self.size.height
        var imageWidth = self.size.width

        if imageHeight > imageWidth {
            imageHeight = imageWidth
        }
        else {
            imageWidth = imageHeight
        }

        let size = CGSize(width: imageWidth, height: imageHeight)

        let x = ((CGFloat(cgImage.width) - size.width) / 2).rounded()
        let y = ((CGFloat(cgImage.height) - size.height) / 2).rounded()

        let cropRect = CGRect(x: x, y: y, width: size.height, height: size.width)
        if let croppedCgImage = cgImage.cropping(to: cropRect) {
            return UIImage(cgImage: croppedCgImage, scale: 0, orientation: self.imageOrientation)
        }

        return nil
    }

    func pixelBuffer() -> CVPixelBuffer? {
        let width = self.size.width
        let height = self.size.height
        let attrs = [kCVPixelBufferCGImageCompatibilityKey: kCFBooleanTrue,
                     kCVPixelBufferCGBitmapContextCompatibilityKey: kCFBooleanTrue] as CFDictionary
        var pixelBuffer: CVPixelBuffer?
        let status = CVPixelBufferCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,
                                         Int(width),
                                         Int(height),
                                         kCVPixelFormatType_32ARGB,
                                         attrs,
                                         &pixelBuffer)

        guard let resultPixelBuffer = pixelBuffer, status == kCVReturnSuccess else {
            return nil
        }

        CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(resultPixelBuffer, CVPixelBufferLockFlags(rawValue: 0))
        let pixelData = CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(resultPixelBuffer)

        let rgbColorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
        guard let context = CGContext(data: pixelData,
                                      width: Int(width),
                                      height: Int(height),
                                      bitsPerComponent: 8,
                                      bytesPerRow: CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(resultPixelBuffer),
                                      space: rgbColorSpace,
                                      bitmapInfo: CGImageAlphaInfo.noneSkipFirst.rawValue) else {
                                        return nil
        }

        context.translateBy(x: 0, y: height)
        context.scaleBy(x: 1.0, y: -1.0)

        UIGraphicsPushContext(context)
        self.draw(in: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: height))
        UIGraphicsPopContext()
        CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(resultPixelBuffer, CVPixelBufferLockFlags(rawValue: 0))

        return resultPixelBuffer
    }
}

您可以在mimodel文件中找到的输入的预期图像大小：

使用纯CoreML和Vision变体的演示项目，您可以在此处找到：https://github.com/handsomecode/iOS11-Demos/tree/coreml_vision/CoreML/CoreMLDemo

Answer 3

如果输入的是UIImage而不是URL，并且您想使用VNImageRequestHandler，则可以使用CIImage。

func updateClassifications(for image: UIImage) {

    let orientation = CGImagePropertyOrientation(image.imageOrientation)

    guard let ciImage = CIImage(image: image) else { return }

    let handler = VNImageRequestHandler(ciImage: ciImage, orientation: orientation)

}

来自Classifying Images with Vision and Core ML

将Image转换为CVPixelBuffer以进行机器学习Swift

3 个答案: