Question

我使用SQLAlchemy使用public sealed class Project { public int Id {get; private set} public static Project Instance { get; private set; } public string Directory { get; private set; } public string Name { get; private set; public void Write() { using (var context = new DataContext(new System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteConnection(dbPath), false) { context.Projects.Add(this); context.SaveChanges(); //when only Project is included in my database this works great, but an exception is thrown here whenever I include other classes. } } }动态生成PL / SQL并设置public abstract class FunctionBase { public int Id { get; private set; } public abstract bool IsValid {get; protected set; } public void Write() { using (var context = new DataContext(new System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteConnection(dbPath), false) { context.Functions.Add(this); context.SaveChanges(); } } } public sealed OrdinatesFunction: FunctionBase { public override bool IsValid {get; protected set;} public Statistics.CurveIncreasing Function {get; private set} } public abstract Decorator: FunctionBase { public virtual FunctionBase Function { get; set; } //this is a required navigation property I think. public override bool IsValid { get; protected set; } } public sealed OutflowFrequencyDecorator: Decorator { public override bool IsValid { get; protected set; } }和public class DataContext: DbContext { public DbSet<Projects> public DbSet<FunctionBase> Functions { get; set; } public DbSet<OutflowFrequencyDecorator> { get; set; } //I've tried it with and without this and if fails the same way in both instances. public DataContext(DbConnection connection, bool contextOwnsConnection): base(connection, contextOwnsConnection) { } public override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder) { modelBuilder.Entity<Project>(); modelBuilder.Entity<FunctionBase>(); modelBuilder.Entity<OutflowFrequencyDecorator>().HasRequired(t=> t.Function); var sqLiteConnectionInitializer = new SQLite.CodeFirst.SqLiteCreateDatabaseIfNotExists<DataContext>(modelBuilder); SetInitializer(sqLiteConnectionInitializer); } }参数（例如，使用compile）工作正常，除了输出没有在最漂亮的SQL语句中格式化。

例如，我的一个输出看起来像这样：

dialect

相反，我希望打印出来如下：

compile_kwargs

如何让SQLAlchemy打印出漂亮的SQL语句？

要复制：

from sqlalchemy import table, column, String, Numeric, func, select
from sqlalchemy.dialects import oracle
my_table = table('my_table', column('a', String), column('b', String), column('c', String))
my_table2 = table('my_table2', column('d', String), column('g', String))
my_table3 = table('my_table3', column('d', String), column('e', String), column('f', Numeric), column('g', String), column('h', String))

inner_sel = select([my_table3.c.e, func.max(my_table3.c.f).label('f'), func.count(my_table3.c.g).label('g')]).where(my_table3.c.h=='foo').group_by(my_table3.c.e).having(func.count(my_table3.c.g)==1).alias('bar')


outer_sel = select([my_table2.c.d, inner_sel.c.e, inner_sel.c.f]).select_from(my_table2.join(inner_sel, my_table2.c.g==inner_sel.c.g))

ins = my_table.insert().from_select([my_table.c.a, my_table.c.b, my_table.c.c], outer_sel)

print ins.compile(dialect=oracle.dialect(), compile_kwargs={'literal_binds': True})

Answer 1

你可以使用sqlparse包，sqlparse.format(sql, reindent=True, keyword_case='upper')应该做你想做的事吗？

Answer 2

有几种选择：

Answer 3

项目sqlparse已经成熟（超过10年），并且仍然非常活跃。 sqlparse旨在解析，拆分和格式化SQL语句。

以下示例使用sqlparse对SQL文件进行漂亮的格式化：

import argparse
import sqlparse

# Parse command line arguments
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog="pretty_print_sql")
parser.add_argument("file", type=argparse.FileType("r"), nargs="+")
args = parser.parse_args()

# Pretty print input files
for file in args.file:
    print(sqlparse.format(file.read(), reindent=True, keyword_case='upper'))

要使用sqlparse来安装pip供个人使用：

python3 -m pip install sqlparse --user --upgrade

要使用sqlparse（在项目内）安装pipenv：

python3 -m pipenv install sqlparse

Answer 4

在@v_retoux和@olibre的示例之后，我在使用GitHub的sqlparse上创建了易于部署的脚本。它处理一个或多个sql文件，并具有干净的输出，可以将其通过管道传输给单个文件。

以下是来源：

import argparse, sqlparse, re

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog="sqlpp")
parser.add_argument("--verbose", "-v", action='store_true')
parser.add_argument("file", type=argparse.FileType("r"), nargs="+")

args = parser.parse_args()

def prepend(s, s2): return s2 + re.sub('\n', '\n'+s2, s)

# Pretty print input files
n=len(args.file)
for i, file in enumerate(args.file):
    sIn = file.read().replace('\n', '')
    file.close()
    sOut = sqlparse.format(sIn, reindent=True, keyword_case='upper')
    if args.verbose or n > 1: 
        print("File{0}:\n    {1}\n{2}\nFormatted SQL:\n{3}\n".format(
             (' ' + str(i+1) if n > 1 else '')
            ,file.name
            ,("\nOriginal SQL:\n{}\n".format(prepend(sIn, "    ")) 
                    if args.verbose else "")
            ,prepend(sOut, "    ")
        ))
    else:
        print(sOut)

Answer 5

试试这个猴子补丁：

pip install sqlparse

### monkeypatching SQL'Alchemy for pretty SQL query printing (((
from sqlalchemy.log import InstanceLogger


def pretty_log(self, level, msg, *args, **kwargs):
    if self.logger.manager.disable >= level:
        return

    selected_level = self._echo_map[self.echo]
    if selected_level == logging.NOTSET:
        selected_level = self.logger.getEffectiveLevel()

    if level >= selected_level:

        import sqlparse
        ### HERE IT IS ###
        msg = sqlparse.format(msg, reindent=True, keyword_case='upper')

        self.logger._log(level, '\n'+msg, args, **kwargs)

InstanceLogger.log = pretty_log
### )))

如何在SQLAlchemy中格式化SQL查询的打印？

5 个答案: