在SQL Server中将多个逗号分隔列作为单行插入

时间:2017-05-09 10:11:15

标签: sql-server

我有一张这样的表

CREATE TABLE #tbl(PackId NVARCHAR(MAX),AmntRemain NVARCHAR(MAX),AmntUsed NVARCHAR(MAX),IsCount NVARCHAR(MAX),IsValue NVARCHAR(MAX))

INSERT INTO #tbl VALUES('1,2','10,20','10,20','1,0','0,1')

上面的表格输出是

enter image description here

我关注的是如何获得如下所示的输出

enter image description here

如何将数据插入到上表数据的表中,因为所有列的个别值都是独立的行

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您想要插入2行。尝试:

INSERT INTO #tbl VALUES
('1','10','10','1','0')
,('2','20','20','0','1')

答案 1 :(得分:0)

几乎任何解析/拆分功能都可以。下面提供的还返回项目序列号,可用于连接和适当行中的各个元素。

元素的数量不固定,一个记录可以有2个而另一个有5个。

我应该补充一点,如果你不能使用或想要一个UDF,那么创建一个内联方法将是一件小事。

示例

Declare @Staging TABLE (PackId NVARCHAR(MAX),AmntRemain NVARCHAR(MAX),AmntUsed NVARCHAR(MAX),IsCount NVARCHAR(MAX),IsValue NVARCHAR(MAX))
INSERT INTO @Staging VALUES
 ('1,2','10,20','10,20','1,0','0,1')

Select B.*
 From  @Staging A
 Cross Apply (
                Select PackId     = B1.RetVal
                      ,AmntRemain = B2.RetVal
                      ,AmntUsed   = B3.RetVal
                      ,IsCount    = B4.RetVal
                      ,IsValue    = B5.RetVal
                 From [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K](A.PackId,',')     B1 
                 Join [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K](A.AmntRemain,',') B2 on B1.RetSeq=B2.RetSeq
                 Join [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K](A.AmntUsed,',')   B3 on B1.RetSeq=B3.RetSeq
                 Join [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K](A.IsCount,',')    B4 on B1.RetSeq=B4.RetSeq
                 Join [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K](A.IsValue,',')    B5 on B1.RetSeq=B5.RetSeq
              ) B

<强> 返回

PackId  AmntRemain  AmntUsed    IsCount IsValue
1       10          10          1       0
2       20          20          0       1

感兴趣的UDF

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K] (@String varchar(max),@Delimiter varchar(25))
Returns Table 
As
Return (  
    with   cte1(N)   As (Select 1 From (Values(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1)) N(N)),
           cte2(N)   As (Select Top (IsNull(DataLength(@String),0)) Row_Number() over (Order By (Select NULL)) From (Select N=1 From cte1 a,cte1 b,cte1 c,cte1 d) A ),
           cte3(N)   As (Select 1 Union All Select t.N+DataLength(@Delimiter) From cte2 t Where Substring(@String,t.N,DataLength(@Delimiter)) = @Delimiter),
           cte4(N,L) As (Select S.N,IsNull(NullIf(CharIndex(@Delimiter,@String,s.N),0)-S.N,8000) From cte3 S)

    Select RetSeq = Row_Number() over (Order By A.N)
          ,RetVal = LTrim(RTrim(Substring(@String, A.N, A.L)))
    From   cte4 A
);
--Orginal Source http://www.sqlservercentral.com/articles/Tally+Table/72993/
--Much faster than str-Parse, but limited to 8K
--Select * from [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K]('Dog,Cat,House,Car',',')
--Select * from [dbo].[udf-Str-Parse-8K]('John||Cappelletti||was||here','||')

答案 2 :(得分:0)

您永远不应该存储这样的数据。您应该根据问题的所有评论修复您的etl进程和数据库模式。

使用cross apply(values ...)取消数据的分割,拆分字符串,并使用条件聚合将数据转回行:

在SQL Server 2016+中,您可以使用string_split()

在2016年之前的SQL Server中,使用Jeff Moden的CSV Splitter表值函数:

;with cte as (
  select 
      Id = row_number() over (order by (select null)) /* adding an id to uniquely identify rows */
    , * 
  from #tbl
)
select 
    cte.Id
  , s.ItemNumber
  , PackId     = max(case when u.column_name = 'PackId' then s.item end)
  , AmntRemain = max(case when u.column_name = 'AmntRemain' then s.item end)
  , AmntUsed   = max(case when u.column_name = 'AmntUsed' then s.item end)
  , IsCount    = max(case when u.column_name = 'IsCount' then s.item end)
  , IsValue    = max(case when u.column_name = 'IsValue' then s.item end)
from cte
  cross apply (values ('PackId',PackId),('AmntRemain',AmntRemain),('AmntUsed',AmntUsed),('IsCount',IsCount),('IsValue',IsValue)) u (column_name,column_value)
  cross apply dbo.delimitedsplit8K(u.column_value,',') s
group by cte.Id, s.ItemNumber

rextester演示:http://rextester.com/ZIFFQX41171

返回:

+----+------------+--------+------------+----------+---------+---------+
| Id | ItemNumber | PackId | AmntRemain | AmntUsed | IsCount | IsValue |
+----+------------+--------+------------+----------+---------+---------+
|  1 |          1 |      1 |         10 |       10 |       1 |       0 |
|  1 |          2 |      2 |         20 |       20 |       0 |       1 |
+----+------------+--------+------------+----------+---------+---------+

拆分字符串参考:

答案 3 :(得分:-1)

除非您从另一个表中插入数据,否则您不能为要创建的每一行创建单独的插入语句。