Question

我有一个使用PyGame（和Python 2.7）构建的小动画代码。我能够使用Pyinstaller构建可执行文件夹，但是当我尝试运行可执行文件时它崩溃了，虽然我能够通过我的终端运行相同的文件（即源代码）而没有任何问题。

import pygame
import exercise
import random as rd
import copy
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np


def animate():
    debug_mode=False

    done1 = False

    dc_x = 30
    dc_y = 30
    plant_x = 110
    plant_y = 30
    supp_x = 190
    supp_y = 30

    WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
    BLACK = (0, 0, 0) #arrows
    RED = (255, 0, 0) # Box frames for summary of t, cost and lost sales
    GREEN = (0, 255, 0) # Box frames for shipment amounts
    DEEPSKYBLUE = (0,191,255)  # arc to represent backup WIP inv
    DOGERBLUE = (0,191,255)  # arc to represent backup FG inv
    INDIGO = (75,0,130)  # DC/Supp up state
    LAVENDER=(238, 130, 238) #DC/Supp down state
    OLIVE=(128,128,0) #plant down state
    YELLOWGREEN=(173,255,47) #plant up state
    DARKYELLOW=(204,204,0)

    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1000, 600))

    clock = pygame.time.Clock()
    grand_record={}
    ############ READ AND PREPARE INITIAL SCREEN for t==0 ################
    PLANT_status, SUPP_status, DC_status, disruption, DC_BUp_Plan, Plant_BUp_Plan, Supp_BUp_Plan, Demand, P=exercise.init(debug_mode,False)
    grand_record[0]={"DC":DC_status, "Plant":PLANT_status, "Supplier":SUPP_status}

    basicFont = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 24)
    largeFont = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 35)
    pygame.display.set_caption('SCREAM!')
    if debug_mode: R=1
    else: R= rd.randint(0,25)
    scenario_score={"cost":0, "service":0}


    while not done1:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                done1 = True
            #if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            #    if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
            #        paused()
        end_of_one_run=1
        total_lost_customer=0
        cumulative_inv_holding_cost=0
        total_fixed_cost_paid=0
        table_output=[]
        chart_output=[]
        header=["Week","Demand","Upstream shipment", "Shipment from regular DC", "Shipment from backup DC",
                "FG Inv at Reg. DC", "FG Inv at B/up. DC", "FG Inv as B/up","LostSales","Start Order for b/up DC", "B/up DC starts","DC Disruption at","Disruption duration", "TotalAvailableWIPSupplyCap",
                "Start Order for b/up Supplier", "B/up Supplier starts","Supplier Disruption at","Disruption duration", "Storage Cap Available", "Plant production",
                 "WIP Inv as B/up","Start Order for b/up Plant", "B/up Plant starts","Plant Disruption at","Disruption duration"]
        table_output.append(header)
        for t in range(1,P+1): # for the specified number of periods
            screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
            picture = pygame.image.load('Background.png').convert() #MITwallpaper
            screen.blit(picture, [0, 0])
            #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
            ################################## MAKE CALCULATIONS FOR t>0 ################
            grand_record,output=exercise.calculate(t, grand_record[t-1]["Plant"], grand_record[t-1]["Supplier"], grand_record[t-1]["DC"], disruption, DC_BUp_Plan, Plant_BUp_Plan,  Supp_BUp_Plan,Demand[R*P+t],grand_record,debug_mode)
            chart_output=exercise.prepare_chart_output(chart_output, grand_record)
            output_loc=copy.deepcopy(output)
            table_output.append(output_loc)
            end_of_one_run=end_of_one_run+1

            objectives=exercise.calculate_objectives(grand_record, DC_BUp_Plan, Plant_BUp_Plan, Supp_BUp_Plan, t)

            lost_cust_text = largeFont.render("Service: "+str(objectives["Service"]), True, WHITE, BLACK)
            lost_cust_textRect = lost_cust_text.get_rect()
            lost_cust_textRect.centerx = 380
            lost_cust_textRect.centery = 420
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (lost_cust_textRect.left - 3, lost_cust_textRect.top - 3, lost_cust_textRect.width + 3, lost_cust_textRect.height + 3))
            screen.blit(lost_cust_text, lost_cust_textRect)
            inv_hold_text = largeFont.render("Inv.Holding Cost(k$): "+str(round(objectives["InvHoldingCost"]*0.001,1)), True, WHITE, BLACK)
            inv_hold_textRect = inv_hold_text.get_rect()
            inv_hold_textRect.centerx = 600
            inv_hold_textRect.centery = 445
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (inv_hold_textRect.left - 3, inv_hold_textRect.top - 3, inv_hold_textRect.width + 3, inv_hold_textRect.height + 3))
            screen.blit(inv_hold_text, inv_hold_textRect)
            startup_text = largeFont.render("Startup Cost(k$): "+str(round(objectives["Startup_cost"]*0.001,1)), True, WHITE, BLACK)
            startup_textRect = startup_text.get_rect()
            startup_textRect.centerx = 840
            startup_textRect.centery = 470
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, RED, (startup_textRect.left - 3, startup_textRect.top - 3, startup_textRect.width + 3, startup_textRect.height + 3))
            screen.blit(startup_text, startup_textRect)

            ###################################################################################
            if t<P:
                pygame.display.flip()
                clock.tick(8)
            else:
                #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
                table = pd.DataFrame(table_output)
                table.to_excel("Details.xlsx",index=False)

        #import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
        done1 = True
    ################################ Want A PARETO Button     ###################################
    x=500
    y=500
    w=200
    h=50
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, DEEPSKYBLUE,(x,y,w,h))
    buttontext = basicFont.render("Want A Pareto Solution?", True, BLACK , WHITE )
    buttontext_rect=buttontext.get_rect()
    buttontext_rect.centerx = (x+(w/2))
    buttontext_rect.centery = (y+(h/2))
    screen.blit(buttontext, buttontext_rect)
    pygame.display.flip()
    pygame.time.delay(120)

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()

    exercise.plotcharts(chart_output)
################################################################################
animate()

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题（也是Python 2.7），这对我来说是这样的：

pyinstaller通常会遇到pygame.font.SysFont("some_font", 24)

的问题

而是使用pygame.font.Font("your_own_font.ttf", 24)。下载字体并将其放在与文件相同的文件夹中，或放在数据文件夹中。我使用VeraMono并将其放在数据文件夹中，因此我的代码将是

...
basicFont = pygame.font.Font("data/VeraMono", 24)
largeFont = pygame.font.Font("data/VeraMono", 35)
pygame.display.set_caption('SCREAM!')
...

如果您还没有将数据/文件夹添加到项目中，请将以下行添加到您的spec文件中（第一次运行pyinstaller时会立即创建spec文件。它具有与python文件同名。）

# -*- mode: python -*-

block_cipher = None

# This entry is new!
added_files = [
    ( 'data', 'data'),
    ]

a = Analysis(['CleanTest.py'],
         pathex=['/home/angela/Desktop/Arbeit/VisualTest'],
         binaries=[],
         datas=added_files,   # add the new file to your data tree
         hiddenimports=[],
         hookspath=[],
         runtime_hooks=[],
         excludes=[],
         win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
         win_private_assemblies=False,
         cipher=block_cipher)
...

运行pyinstaller <your_file>.spec，希望它能够正常运作。

Answer 2

我的猜测是，它在尝试加载背景图片时崩溃了：

foo()

当pyinstaller编译你的代码时，就是它编译的全部内容（包括导入的依赖项）。它创建了dist目录，您可以在其中运行可执行文件，并且您很高兴。

但是，默认情况下，pyinstaller不会引入外部资源。因此，当您运行可执行文件时，它无法找到您的图像，因为它位于不同的目录中。您可以通过手动将图像复制到exe所在的文件夹进行测试，看看它是否有效。

此外，您可以运行exe并将输出推送到调试文件中：

picture = pygame.image.load('Background.png').convert() #MITwallpaper

这样您就可以捕获程序的输出（包括错误消息）。

Pygame可执行文件崩溃

2 个答案: