Question

这是我的settings.py：

import os
import sys
SECRET_KEY = 'secrit'

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

RUNNING_DEVSERVER = (len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == 'runserver')
if RUNNING_DEVSERVER:
    DEBUG = True
else:
    DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['127.0.0.1', 'ebdjangoapp-dev.us-east-1.elasticbeanstalk.com']


INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',
    'ebdjangoapp',
    'storages',
)


AWS_HEADERS = {  # see http://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#expires
        'Expires': 'Thu, 31 Dec 2099 20:00:00 GMT',
        'Cache-Control': 'max-age=94608000',
    }

AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = 'ebdjangoappstaticfiles'
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = 'key'
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = 'secritkey'

# Tell django-storages that when coming up with the URL for an item in S3 storage, keep
# it simple - just use this domain plus the path. (If this isn't set, things get complicated).
# This controls how the `static` template tag from `staticfiles` gets expanded, if you're using it.
# We also use it in the next setting.
AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN = '%s.s3.amazonaws.com' % AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME

STATICFILES_LOCATION = 'static'

# This is used by the `static` template tag from `static`, if you're using that. Or if anything else
# refers directly to STATIC_URL. So it's safest to always set it.
if RUNNING_DEVSERVER:
    STATIC_URL = '/static/'
else:
    STATIC_URL = "https://%s/%s/" % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, STATICFILES_LOCATION)

# Tell the staticfiles app to use S3Boto storage when writing the collected static files (when
# you run `collectstatic`).
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'ebdjangoapp.custom_storages.StaticStorage'

MEDIAFILES_LOCATION = 'media'
MEDIA_URL = "https://%s/%s/" % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, MEDIAFILES_LOCATION)
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'ebdjangoapp.custom_storages.MediaStorage'


MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'ebdjango.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "ebdjangoapp/static/templates/")],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'ebdjango.wsgi.application'


if 'RDS_DB_NAME' in os.environ:
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
            'NAME': os.environ['RDS_DB_NAME'],
            'USER': os.environ['RDS_USERNAME'],
            'PASSWORD': os.environ['RDS_PASSWORD'],
            'HOST': os.environ['RDS_HOSTNAME'],
            'PORT': os.environ['RDS_PORT'],
        }
    }
else:
    # Default Django
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
            'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
        }
    }



LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")

我使用此网址https://www.caktusgroup.com/blog/2014/11/10/Using-Amazon-S3-to-store-your-Django-sites-static-and-media-files/让Amazon服务我的静态和媒体文件。它完美适用于生产。我决定停止我的生产服务器，直到我完全测试开发中的所有内容。

我在settings.py文件中认为这些行：

RUNNING_DEVSERVER = (len(sys.argv) > 1 and sys.argv[1] == 'runserver')
# ...
if RUNNING_DEVSERVER:
    STATIC_URL = '/static/'
else:
    STATIC_URL = "https://%s/%s/" % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, STATICFILES_LOCATION)

允许我的开发服务器在app目录的静态文件夹中查找静态文件。我做python manage.py runserver并转到127.0.0.1，当我检查元素时，会显示以下错误：

GET https://ebdjangoappstaticfiles.s3.amazonaws.com/static/js/home.js 
home:11 GET https://ebdjangoappstaticfiles.s3.amazonaws.com/static/css/bootstrapCSS/css/bootstrap.min.css 
home:12 GET https://ebdjangoappstaticfiles.s3.amazonaws.com/static/js/bootstrapJS/bootstrap.min.js 
home:15 GET https://ebdjangoappstaticfiles.s3.amazonaws.com/static/css/home.css

当我尝试导入CSS文件时，我在我的模板中这样做：

{% load staticfiles %}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{% static 'css/home.css' %}">

我还需要更改哪些内容，以便它不会在https://ebdjangoappstaticfiles.s3.amazonaws.com中搜索我的静态文件？

Answer 1

您使用package语句走在正确的轨道上，但是，您的argv方法非常易碎。例如，您可以使用if或python manage.py runserver运行相同的脚本，更改参数顺序并破坏逻辑。

相反，您可以使用两种更坚固的方法;最简单的方法是使用manage.py runserver设置来确定您是在开发还是生产。

DEBUG

然后你只需要确保在生产中设置if DEBUG: # assume we're local else: # otherwise assume we're in production，这是你应该非常小心的事情。

如果您有多个环境，例如QA服务器，登台服务器和生产服务器，最好使用环境变量并将其导入您的设置。

DEBUG = False

然后，您可以在每个环境中设置import os # get environment variable ENV from the system # default to prod if it doesn't exist ENV = os.getenv('ENV', 'prod') if ENV == 'local': # use local settings elif ENV == 'stage': # use staging settings else: # assume we're in prod环境变量以匹配其角色（ENV，local，dev，qa，{ {1}}等）。这样您就不需要将设置文件更改为翻转变量。

最后一个方便的技巧是，您可以通过根据变量选择性地导入设置文件来级联设置文件。

stage

Answer 2

您在正确的道路上。您所需要做的就是设置STATICFILES_STORAGE。

if DEBUG:
    STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'django.contrib.staticfiles.storage.StaticFilesStorage'
    STATIC_URL = "/static/"
else:
    STATICFILES_STORAGE = "backend.storage_backends.StaticStorage"
    STATIC_URL = "https://%s/%s/" % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, AWS_STATIC_LOCATION)

如何使用不同的静态文件位置，如果它是开发服务器或生产服务器

2 个答案: