我在这样的bash脚本中提示问题:
optionsAudits=("Yep" "Nope")
echo "Include audits?"
select opt in "${optionsAudits[@]}"; do
case $REPLY in
1) includeAudits=true; break ;;
2) includeAudits=false; break ;;
"\n") echo "You pressed enter"; break ;; # <--- doesn't work
*) echo "What's that?"; exit;;
esac
done
按下输入后,如何选择默认选项? "\n"
案例没有捕获回车键。
答案 0 :(得分:6)
您的问题是由于select
将忽略空输入。对于您的情况,read
会更合适,但您将失去为自动菜单创建提供的实用程序select
。
要模仿select
的行为,你可以这样做:
#!/bin/bash
optionsAudits=("Yep" "Nope")
while : #infinite loop. be sure to break out of it when a valid choice is made
do
i=1
echo "Include Audits?"
#we recreate manually the menu here
for o in "${optionsAudits[@]}"; do
echo "$i) $o"
let i++
done
read reply
#the user can either type the option number or copy the option text
case $reply in
"1"|"${optionsAudits[0]}") includeAudits=true; break;;
"2"|"${optionsAudits[1]}") includeAudits=false; break;;
"") echo "empty"; break;;
*) echo "Invalid choice. Please choose an existing option number.";;
esac
done
echo "choice : \"$reply\""
答案 1 :(得分:4)
通过背景信息以及允许空输入的通用,可重复使用的自定义select
实现来补充Aserre's helpful answer,它解释了您的代码问题并提供了有效的解决方法 :
明确拼写: select
本身忽略空输入(只需按 Enter ),只需重新输入-prompts - 用户代码甚至无法在响应中运行。
事实上, select
使用空字符串向用户代码发出无效选项被输入的信号。
也就是说,如果输出变量 - $opt
,在这种情况下 - 在select
语句中为空,则意味着用户输入了无效的选择索引。
输出变量会收到所选选项的文字 - 在这种情况下为'Yep'
或'Nope'
- 不是索引 由用户输入。
(相比之下,您的代码会检查$REPLY
而不是输出变量,其中包含用户输入的内容, index 一个有效的选择,但可能包含额外的前导和尾随空格。)
请注意如果您没有想要允许空输入,您可以
只需在提示文字中向用户指出 ^C
( Ctrl + C )可用于中止提示。
select
函数,也接受空输入以下函数非常接近select
所做的事情,同时也允许空输入(只需按 Enter )。请注意,该函数拦截无效输入,打印警告并重新提示:
# Custom `select` implementation that allows *empty* input.
# Pass the choices as individual arguments.
# Output is the chosen item, or "", if the user just pressed ENTER.
# Example:
# choice=$(selectWithDefault 'one' 'two' 'three')
selectWithDefault() {
local item i=0 numItems=$#
# Print numbered menu items, based on the arguments passed.
for item; do # Short for: for item in "$@"; do
printf '%s\n' "$((++i))) $item"
done >&2 # Print to stderr, as `select` does.
# Prompt the user for the index of the desired item.
while :; do
printf %s "${PS3-#? }" >&2 # Print the prompt string to stderr, as `select` does.
read -r index
# Make sure that the input is either empty or that a valid index was entered.
[[ -z $index ]] && break # empty input
(( index >= 1 && index <= numItems )) 2>/dev/null || { echo "Invalid selection. Please try again." >&2; continue; }
break
done
# Output the selected item, if any.
[[ -n $index ]] && printf %s "${@: index:1}"
}
您可以按如下方式调用它:
# Print the prompt message and call the custom select function.
echo "Include audits (default is 'Nope')?"
optionsAudits=('Yep' 'Nope')
opt=$(selectWithDefault "${optionsAudits[@]}")
# Process the selected item.
case $opt in
'Yep') includeAudits=true; ;;
''|'Nope') includeAudits=false; ;; # $opt is '' if the user just pressed ENTER
esac
注意:此代码并未解决问题,但显示了select
语句的更惯用的用法;与原始代码不同,如果进行了无效选择,此代码会重新显示提示:
optionsAudits=("Yep" "Nope")
echo "Include audits (^C to abort)?"
select opt in "${optionsAudits[@]}"; do
# $opt being empty signals invalid input.
[[ -n $opt ]] || { echo "What's that? Please try again." >&2; continue; }
break # a valid choice was made, exit the prompt.
done
case $opt in # $opt now contains the *text* of the chosen option
'Yep')
includeAudits=true
;;
'Nope') # could be just `*` in this case.
includeAudits=false
;;
esac
注意:
case
语句被移出select
语句,因为后者现在保证只能进行有效输入。
case
语句测试输出变量($opt
)而不是原始用户输入($REPLY
),并且该变量包含选择文本,而不是索引。
答案 2 :(得分:2)
更新回答:
echo "Include audits? 1) Yep, 2) Nope"
read ans
case $ans in
Yep|1 ) echo "yes"; includeAudits=true; v=1 ;;
Nope|2 ) echo "no"; includeAudits=false; v=2 ;;
"" ) echo "default - yes"; includeAudits=true; v=1 ;;
* ) echo "Whats that?"; exit ;;
esac
接受"Yep"
或"1"
或"enter"
选择是,并接受"Nope"
或"2"
取消否,并抛弃其他任何内容。它还将v设置为1或2,具体取决于用户是否需要是。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
这将满足您的要求。
options=("option 1" "option 2");
while :
do
echo "Select your option:"
i=1;
for opt in "${options[@]}"; do
echo "$i) $opt";
let i++;
done
read reply
case $reply in
"1"|"${options[0]}"|"")
doSomething1();
break;;
"2"|"${options[1]}")
doSomething2();
break;;
*)
echo "Invalid choice. Please choose 1 or 2";;
esac
done