我想使用ggplot在折线图中绘制特定日期特定停车场的入住率。
我的数据框如下所示:
public func ==<Element : Equatable>(lhs: [[Element]], rhs: [[Element]]) -> Bool {
...
}
当我尝试绘制特定日期的概述时,让我们说2017年2月23日,我使用以下代码:
head(ParkingSub4)
FreeSpaceShort ShortCapacity DateTime OccupancyRateShort Date Weekday WeekNumber Week
310801 257 373 2017-02-25 00:04:41 0.3109920 2017-02-25 Saturday 08 FALSE
310843 260 373 2017-02-25 00:09:41 0.3029491 2017-02-25 Saturday 08 FALSE
310885 261 373 2017-02-25 00:14:41 0.3002681 2017-02-25 Saturday 08 FALSE
310927 260 373 2017-02-25 00:19:41 0.3029491 2017-02-25 Saturday 08 FALSE
310969 260 373 2017-02-25 00:24:41 0.3029491 2017-02-25 Saturday 08 FALSE
311011 263 373 2017-02-25 00:29:41 0.2949062 2017-02-25 Saturday 08 FALSE
class(ParkingSub4$DateTime)
[1] "POSIXlt" "POSIXt"
然后我得到的是以下情节:
如您所见,情节开始于23:02结束。我希望情节在00:00:00开始,并在特定日期的23:59:59结束。我怎么能这样做?
非常感谢提前!
EDIT / UPDATE: 添加以下内容会导致x轴以00:00开始和结束:
ggplot(data = ParkingSub4,
aes(x=DateTime, y=OccupancyRateShort)) + geom_line(size = 1.25) + facet_wrap(~Weekday) +
scale_x_datetime(labels=date_format("%H:%m"), breaks = date_breaks("2 hours")) +
theme_linedraw()
唯一的事情是我在执行后得到以下消息:'scale for'x'已经存在。为'x'添加另一个比例,它将取代现有比例。'
这意味着ggplot(data = ParkingSub4,
aes(x=DateTime, y=OccupancyRateShort)) + geom_line(size = 1.25) + facet_wrap(~Weekday) +
scale_x_datetime(labels=date_format("%H:%m"), breaks = date_breaks("2 hours"), expand=c(0,0)) +
xlim(c(as.POSIXct('2017-02-23 00:00:00', format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
as.POSIXct('2017-02-24 00:00:00', format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))) +
theme_linedraw()
被覆盖:
scale_x_datetime(labels=date_format("%H:%m"), breaks = date_breaks("2 hours")
。
这也不是我想要的,因为现在休息时间设置为6小时而不是2小时,我也无法指定标签上设置了哪些信息(“%H:%m”)。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
首先,这是一些可重现的数据:
set.seed(1)
ParkingSub4 <- data.frame(DateTime = seq(as.POSIXlt('2017-02-22 23:00'),
as.POSIXlt('2017-02-24 01:00'),
len = 42),
OccupancyRateShort = runif(42, 0, 1))
ParkingSub4$Weekday <- weekdays(ParkingSub4$DateTime)
接下来,以下是如何使用此数据重现问题:
library(ggplot2)
library(scales)
ggplot(data = ParkingSub4[ParkingSub4$Weekday == "Thursday",],
aes(x = DateTime, y = OccupancyRateShort)) +
geom_line(size = 1.25) +
facet_wrap(~Weekday) +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%H:%m"),
breaks = date_breaks("2 hours")) +
theme_linedraw()
最后,这是一个使用limits_x_datetime的限制选项的解决方案:
lims <- as.POSIXct(strptime(c("2017-02-23 00:00", "2017-02-24 00:00"),
format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%m"))
ggplot(data = ParkingSub4[ParkingSub4$Weekday == "Thursday",],
aes(x = DateTime, y = OccupancyRateShort)) +
geom_line(size = 1.25) +
facet_wrap(~Weekday) +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%H:%m"),
breaks = date_breaks("2 hours"),
limits = lims) +
theme_linedraw()
更新:以下内容将删除图表左侧和右侧的空白区域,休息时间将是小时而不是2分钟:
lims <- as.POSIXct(strptime(c("2017-02-23 00:00", "2017-02-24 00:00"),
format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"))
ggplot(data = ParkingSub4,
aes(x = DateTime, y = OccupancyRateShort)) +
geom_line(size = 1.25) +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%H:%M"),
breaks = date_breaks("2 hours"),
limits = lims,
expand = c(0, 0)) +
theme_linedraw()
答案 1 :(得分:1)
在expand
中使用scale_x_datetime
参数并将其设置为0
。
scale_x_datetime(labels=date_format("%H:%m"), breaks = date_breaks("2 hours"), expand=c(0,0))
答案 2 :(得分:0)
除了我的评论:
library(ggplot2)
library(lubridate)
df <- data.frame(x = seq(Sys.time(), Sys.time()+days(1), by = "2 mins"))
df$y = runif(nrow(df))
lims <- c(floor_date(min(df$x), "day"), ceiling_date(max(df$x), "day"))
f <- function(lims)
ggplot(data = df, aes(x, y)) +
geom_line() +
scale_x_datetime(
date_labels = "%H:%M",
date_breaks = "2 hours",
limits = lims,
timezone = Sys.timezone(),
expand = c(0,0)
) +
theme(
plot.margin = margin(10,20,10,10),
axis.text.x = element_text(angle=90, vjust=.5)
)
f(lims)
f(lims-c(days(1),0))
答案 3 :(得分:0)
我要添加另一个答案以阐明使用<div class="container position-container">
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和scale_x_datetime
之间的区别。与coordinate_cartesian
不同,coordinate_cartesian
将缩放图,而不会删除任何超出图限制的数据。
例如。如果我们使用上面的图:
scale_x_datetime
原始图(用一条平滑线可以更容易地看到library(ggplot2)
library(scales)
set.seed(1)
ParkingSub4 <- data.frame(DateTime = seq(as.POSIXlt('2017-02-22 23:00', tz = 'UTM'),
as.POSIXlt('2017-02-24 01:00', tz = 'UTM'),
len = 42),
OccupancyRateShort = runif(42, 0, 1))
ParkingSub4$Weekday <- weekdays(ParkingSub4$DateTime)
lims <- as.POSIXct(strptime(c("2017-02-23 00:00",
"2017-02-23 23:59"),
format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"),
tz = 'UTM')
ggplot(data = ParkingSub4,
aes(x = DateTime, y = OccupancyRateShort)) +
geom_line(size = 1.25) +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%H:%M"),
breaks = date_breaks("2 hours"),
limits = lims,
expand = c(0, 0)) +
geom_smooth()+
theme_linedraw()
和scale_x_datetime
之间的区别):
如果出于某种原因,您想将注意力集中在上午7点至晚上7点,则有两种选择。您可以使用coordinate_cartesian
(或scale_x_datetime
)删除多余的数据:
xlim
或者,您可以使用lims2 <- as.POSIXct(strptime(c("2017-02-23 07:00",
"2017-02-23 19:00"),
format = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"),
tz = 'UTM')
ggplot(data = ParkingSub4,
aes(x = DateTime, y = OccupancyRateShort)) +
geom_line(size = 1.25) +
scale_x_datetime(labels = date_format("%H:%M"),
breaks = date_breaks("2 hours"),
limits = lims2,
expand = c(0, 0)) +
geom_smooth()+
theme_linedraw()
放大图,而无需删除任何数据:
coordinate_cartesian