这是我用于C / C ++编程的一般makefile，它很好用：
但是，一个很大的缺点是，它仅基于源文件而不是头文件。如果修改了头文件，makefile将不会检测到此更改，也不会重新编译依赖于它的源文件。我必须做好清洁再做一次。
是否可以对我的makefile进行一些更改，以便：当某些头文件被修改时，直接或间接包含它的源文件将被重新编译？
大多数不是我自己的。我只是根据自己的喜好做了一些小修改。
#
# Generic Makefile for C/C++ Program
#
# License: GPL (General Public License)
# Author: whyglinux <whyglinux AT gmail DOT com>
# Date: 2006/03/04 (version 0.1)
# 2007/03/24 (version 0.2)
# 2007/04/09 (version 0.3)
# 2007/06/26 (version 0.4)
# 2008/04/05 (version 0.5)
#
# Author: echyanq (chen9007@gmail.com)
# Date: 2016/09/27
# Modified based on one artical on chinaunix.com
# Allows to specify directories for obj, bin and dep
#
# Description:
# ------------
# This is an easily customizable makefile template. The purpose is to
# provide an instant building environment for C/C++ programs.
#
# It searches all the C/C++ source files in the specified directories,
# makes dependencies, compiles and links to form an executable.
#
# Besides its default ability to build C/C++ programs which use only
# standard C/C++ libraries, you can customize the Makefile to build
# those using other libraries. Once done, without any changes you can
# then build programs using the same or less libraries, even if source
# files are renamed, added or removed. Therefore, it is particularly
# convenient to use it to build codes for experimental or study use.
#
# GNU make is expected to use the Makefile. Other versions of makes
# may or may not work.
#
# Usage:
# ------
# 1. Copy the Makefile to your program directory.
# 2. Customize in the "Customizable Section" only if necessary:
# * to use non-standard C/C++ libraries, set pre-processor or compiler
# options to <MY_CFLAGS> and linker ones to <MY_LIBS>
# (See Makefile.gtk+-2.0 for an example)
# * to search sources in more directories, set to <SRCDIRS>
# * to specify your favorite program name, set to <PROGRAM>
# 3. Type make to start building your program.
#
# Make Target:
# ------------
# The Makefile provides the following targets to make:
# $ make compile and link
# $ make NODEP=yes compile and link without generating dependencies
# $ make objs compile only (no linking)
# $ make tags create tags for Emacs editor
# $ make ctags create ctags for VI editor
# $ make clean clean objects and the executable file
# $ make distclean clean objects, the executable and dependencies
# $ make help get the usage of the makefile
#
#===========================================================================
## Customizable Section: adapt those variables to suit your program.
##==========================================================================
# The pre-processor and compiler options.
MY_CFLAGS = -Wno-unused-variable
# The linker options.
MY_LIBS =
# The pre-processor options used by the cpp (man cpp for more).
CPPFLAGS = -Wall
# The options used in linking as well as in any direct use of ld.
LDFLAGS =
# The directories in which source files reside.
# If not specified, only the current directory will be serached.
SRCDIRS = src
# The executable file name.
# If not specified, current directory name or `a.out' will be used.
PROGRAM =
BINDIRS = bin
OBJDIRS = obj
DEPDIRS = dep
## Implicit Section: change the following only when necessary.
##==========================================================================
# The source file types (headers excluded).
# .c indicates C source files, and others C++ ones.
SRCEXTS = .c .C .cc .cpp .CPP .c++ .cxx .cp
# The header file types.
HDREXTS = .h .H .hh .hpp .HPP .h++ .hxx .hp
# The pre-processor and compiler options.
# Users can override those variables from the command line.
CFLAGS = -g -O2
CXXFLAGS= -g -O2
# The C program compiler.
#CC = gcc
# The C++ program compiler.
#CXX = g++
# Un-comment the following line to compile C programs as C++ ones.
#CC = $(CXX)
# The command used to delete file.
#RM = rm -f
ETAGS = etags
ETAGSFLAGS =
CTAGS = ctags
CTAGSFLAGS =
## Stable Section: usually no need to be changed. But you can add more.
##==========================================================================
SHELL = /bin/sh
EMPTY =
SPACE = $(EMPTY) $(EMPTY)
ifeq ($(PROGRAM),)
CUR_PATH_NAMES = $(subst /,$(SPACE),$(subst $(SPACE),_,$(CURDIR)))
PROGRAM = $(word $(words $(CUR_PATH_NAMES)),$(CUR_PATH_NAMES))
ifeq ($(PROGRAM),)
PROGRAM = a.out
endif
endif
ifeq ($(SRCDIRS),)
SRCDIRS = .
endif
SOURCES = $(foreach d,$(SRCDIRS),$(wildcard $(addprefix $(d)/*,$(SRCEXTS))))
HEADERS = $(foreach d,$(SRCDIRS),$(wildcard $(addprefix $(d)/*,$(HDREXTS))))
SRC_CXX = $(filter-out %.c,$(SOURCES))
#OBJS = $(addsuffix .o, $(basename $(SOURCES)))
OBJS = $(addsuffix .o, $(addprefix $(OBJDIRS)/,$(notdir $(basename $(SOURCES)))))
#DEPS = $(OBJS:.o=.d)
DEPS = $(addsuffix .d, $(addprefix $(DEPDIRS)/,$(notdir $(basename $(SOURCES)))))
## Define some useful variables.
DEP_OPT = $(shell if `$(CC) --version | grep "GCC" >/dev/null`; then \
echo "-MM -MP"; else echo "-M"; fi )
DEPEND = $(CC) $(DEP_OPT) $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS)
DEPEND.d = $(subst -g ,,$(DEPEND))
COMPILE.c = $(CC) $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c
COMPILE.cxx = $(CXX) $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c
LINK.c = $(CC) $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
LINK.cxx = $(CXX) $(MY_CFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)
.PHONY: all objs tags ctags clean distclean help show
# Delete the default suffixes
.SUFFIXES:
all: $(BINDIRS)/$(PROGRAM)
# Rules for creating dependency files (.d).
#------------------------------------------
MKDEPDIR = mkdir -p $(DEPDIRS)
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.c
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.C
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cc
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cpp
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.CPP
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.c++
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cp
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
$(DEPDIRS)/%.d:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cxx
@$(MKDEPDIR)
@echo -n $(dir $<) > $@
@$(DEPEND.d) $< >> $@
# Rules for generating object files (.o).
#----------------------------------------
MKOBJDIR = mkdir -p $(OBJDIRS)
objs:$(OBJS)
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.c
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.c) $< -o $@
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.C
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cc
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cpp
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.CPP
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.c++
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cp
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@
$(OBJDIRS)/%.o:$(SRCDIRS)/%.cxx
@$(MKOBJDIR)
$(COMPILE.cxx) $< -o $@
# Rules for generating the tags.
#-------------------------------------
tags: $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)
$(ETAGS) $(ETAGSFLAGS) $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)
ctags: $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)
$(CTAGS) $(CTAGSFLAGS) $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES)
# Rules for generating the executable.
#-------------------------------------
MKBINDIR = mkdir -p $(BINDIRS)
$(BINDIRS)/$(PROGRAM):$(OBJS)
ifeq ($(SRC_CXX),) # C program
@$(MKBINDIR)
$(LINK.c) $(OBJS) $(MY_LIBS) -o $@
@cp $(BINDIRS)/$(PROGRAM) ./
@echo Type ./$@ to execute the program.
else # C++ program
@$(MKBINDIR)
$(LINK.cxx) $(OBJS) $(MY_LIBS) -o $@
@cp $(BINDIRS)/$(PROGRAM) ./
@echo Type ./$@ to execute the program.
endif
ifndef NODEP
ifneq ($(DEPS),)
sinclude $(DEPS)
endif
endif
clean:
$(RM) -rf $(OBJDIRS) $(BINDIRS)
distclean: clean
$(RM) -rf $(DEPDIRS) TAGS
# Show help.
help:
@echo 'Generic Makefile for C/C++ Programs (gcmakefile) version 0.5'
@echo 'Copyright (C) 2007, 2008 whyglinux <whyglinux@hotmail.com>'
@echo
@echo 'Usage: make [TARGET]'
@echo 'TARGETS:'
@echo ' all (=make) compile and link.'
@echo ' NODEP=yes make without generating dependencies.'
@echo ' objs compile only (no linking).'
@echo ' tags create tags for Emacs editor.'
@echo ' ctags create ctags for VI editor.'
@echo ' clean clean objects and the executable file.'
@echo ' distclean clean objects, the executable and dependencies.'
@echo ' show show variables (for debug use only).'
@echo ' help print this message.'
@echo
@echo 'Report bugs to <whyglinux AT gmail DOT com>.'
# Show variables (for debug use only.)
show:
@echo 'PROGRAM :' $(PROGRAM)
@echo 'BINDIRS :' $(BINDIRS)
@echo 'OBJDIRS :' $(OBJDIRS)
@echo 'DEPDIRS :' $(DEPDIRS)
@echo 'SRCDIRS :' $(SRCDIRS)
@echo 'HEADERS :' $(HEADERS)
@echo 'SOURCES :' $(SOURCES)
@echo 'SRC_CXX :' $(SRC_CXX)
@echo 'OBJS :' $(OBJS)
@echo 'DEPS :' $(DEPS)
@echo 'DEPEND :' $(DEPEND)
@echo 'COMPILE.c :' $(COMPILE.c)
@echo 'COMPILE.cxx :' $(COMPILE.cxx)
@echo 'link.c :' $(LINK.c)
@echo 'link.cxx :' $(LINK.cxx)
## End of the Makefile ## Suggestions are welcome ## All rights reserved ##
#############################################################################