Question

我有多次使用的Dockerfile没有问题。现在我需要添加一些包（ssmtp和sendmail），当我添加它们时，构建失败了：

Sending build context to Docker daemon 645.3 MB
Sending build context to Docker daemon 
Step 0 : FROM debian:jessie
 ---> 736e5442e772
Step 1 : MAINTAINER Larry Martell <larry.martell@foo.com>
 ---> Using cache
 ---> bd272aa26940
Step 2 : ENV HOME /opt/django/CAPgraph/
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 1c540ed91808
Step 3 : RUN echo "deb http://http.debian.net/debian jessie-backports main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 8788d48e625d
Step 4 : RUN (apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y build-essential git python python-dev python-setuptools nginx sqlite3 supervisor mysql-server libmysqlclient-dev vim cron unzip software-properties-common python-software-properties openjdk-8-jre xvfb wkhtmltopdf ssmtp sendmail)
 ---> Running in 8986bca93fdb
Get:1 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates InRelease [63.1 kB]
Get:2 http://security.debian.org jessie/updates/main amd64 Packages [436 kB]
Get:3 http://http.debian.net jessie-backports InRelease [166 kB]
Get:4 http://httpredir.debian.org jessie-updates InRelease [145 kB]
Get:5 http://http.debian.net jessie-backports/main amd64 Packages [1031 kB]
Get:6 http://httpredir.debian.org jessie-updates/main amd64 Packages [17.6 kB]
Ign http://httpredir.debian.org jessie InRelease
Get:7 http://httpredir.debian.org jessie Release.gpg [2373 B]
Get:8 http://httpredir.debian.org jessie Release [148 kB]
Get:9 http://httpredir.debian.org jessie/main amd64 Packages [9049 kB]
Fetched 11.1 MB in 9s (1211 kB/s)
Reading package lists...
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 sendmail : Depends: sendmail-bin but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
The command '/bin/sh -c (apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y build-essential git python python-dev python-setuptools nginx sqlite3 supervisor mysql-server libmysqlclient-dev vim cron unzip software-properties-common python-software-properties openjdk-8-jre xvfb wkhtmltopdf ssmtp sendmail)' returned a non-zero code: 100

如果我将这些包添加到列表中，那么我会抱怨其他人。这个“破坏包裹”的信息是什么意思，我该如何解决？

这是我的Dockerfile的第一部分：

FROM debian:jessie ENV HOME /opt/django/CAPgraph/ 
RUN echo "deb http://http.debian.net/debian jessie-backports main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN (apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y build-essential git python python-dev python-setuptools nginx sqlite3 supervisor mysql-server libmysqlclient-dev vim cron unzip software-properties-common python-software-properties openjdk-8-jre xvfb wkhtmltopdf sendmail ssmtp)

我尝试添加sendmail-bin然后失败了：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 sendmail-bin : Conflicts: mail-transport-agent
 ssmtp : Conflicts: mail-transport-agent
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

然后我添加了mail-transport-agent，它失败了：

Package mail-transport-agent is a virtual package provided by:
  opensmtpd 5.7.3p2-1~bpo8+1
  ssmtp 2.64-8
  sendmail-bin 8.14.4-8+deb8u1
  qmail-run 2.0.2+nmu1
  postfix 2.11.3-1
  nullmailer 1:1.13-1+deb8u1
  msmtp-mta 1.4.32-2
  masqmail 0.2.30-1
  lsb-invalid-mta 4.1+Debian13+nmu1
  exim4-daemon-light 4.84.2-2+deb8u3
  exim4-daemon-heavy 4.84.2-2+deb8u3
  esmtp-run 1.2-12
  dma 0.9-1
  courier-mta 0.73.1-1.6
  citadel-mta 8.24-1+b3

E: Package 'mail-transport-agent' has no installation candidate

Answer 1

Debian设置为只允许一个邮件传输代理，而你的安装命令试图包含两个，ssmtp和sendmail / sendmail-bin。由于它们彼此冲突，因此您需要从安装命令中删除其中一个。

Answer 2

如果sendmail依赖项是这样的，您的Python应用程序可以通过sendmail二进制文件发送电子邮件，只需安装ssmtp并将其配置为使用外部MTA。

不建议尝试在Docker容器中运行sendmail

Docker：无法纠正问题，你已经破坏了包裹

2 个答案: