Question

我想做一个特殊的x-ticks标签，我试图在下面的照片中说明。

你知道怎么做吗？

编辑：我当前代码的最小版本：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


xvalues = [ 0.,  1.,  1.,  1.,  1.,  2.,  2.,  2.,  2.,  2.,
  2.,  3.,  3.,  3.,  3.,  4.]
yvalues = [ 1.,  1.,  1.,  1.,  1.,  1.,  0.,  0.,  0.,  0.,
  0.,  0.,  0.,  0.,  0.,  0.]

tx = [0] * len(xvalues)
for i in range(len(xvalues)):
    tx[i] = i

newxvalues = xvalues

seen = set()
newxvalues = [x if x not in seen and not seen.add(x) else '' for x in newxvalues ]
newxvalues[0] = ' '
plt.plot(tx, yvalues, color='g', linewidth=1.5)
plt.xlim([-1, len(xvalues)])
plt.xticks(tx, newxvalues, rotation="90")
plt.ylim(-0.03, 1.1)
plt.tick_params(axis='x', top='off', bottom='off')
plt.show()

Edit2：如果这样可以简化问题，我不需要花哨的括号。例如，方括号也可以

Answer 1

这是可能的。以下代码提供了一个类AxesDecorator，您需要在脚本末尾调用它。它需要一个轴实例，应该更改tick标签，以及应该绘制的刻度。它假定所有刻度均匀分开。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1 import make_axes_locatable

class AxesDecorator():
    def __init__(self, ax, size="5%", pad=0.05, ticks=[1,2,3], spacing=0.05,
                 color="k"):
        self.divider= make_axes_locatable(ax)
        self.ax = self.divider.new_vertical(size=size, pad=pad, sharex=ax, pack_start=True)
        ax.figure.add_axes(self.ax)
        self.ticks=np.array(ticks)
        self.d = np.mean(np.diff(ticks))
        self.spacing = spacing
        self.get_curve()
        self.color=color
        for x0 in ticks:
            self.plot_curve(x0)
        self.ax.set_yticks([])
        plt.setp(ax.get_xticklabels(), visible=False)
        self.ax.tick_params(axis='x', which=u'both',length=0)
        ax.tick_params(axis='x', which=u'both',length=0)
        for direction in ["left", "right", "bottom", "top"]:
            self.ax.spines[direction].set_visible(False)
        self.ax.set_xlabel(ax.get_xlabel())
        ax.set_xlabel("")
        self.ax.set_xticks(self.ticks)

    def plot_curve(self, x0):
        x = np.linspace(x0-self.d/2.*(1-self.spacing),x0+self.d/2.*(1-self.spacing), 50 )
        self.ax.plot(x, self.curve, c=self.color)

    def get_curve(self):
        lx = np.linspace(-np.pi/2.+0.05, np.pi/2.-0.05, 25)
        tan = np.tan(lx)*10
        self.curve = np.hstack((tan[::-1],tan))
        return self.curve


# Do your normal plotting     
fig, ax = plt.subplots()

x = [1,2,3,4,5]
y = [4,5,1,3,7]
ax.scatter(x,y, s=900, c=y, )
ax.set_ylim([0,10])
ax.set_xlabel("Strange axis")

#at the end call the AxesDecorator class
# with the axes as argument
AxesDecorator(ax, ticks=x)

plt.show()

在matplotlib中为区域设置x刻度

1 个答案: