PyQt：QScrollArea中窗口小部件的环绕布局

Question

我正在开发一个使用PyQt4记忆文本的应用程序。我想在气泡中显示所有单词，以便您看到单词的长度。但是当我在QScrollArea中拥有所有气泡时，它们会一个接一个地对齐。我想让它们并排排列，但是用自动换行。

我使用带圆角边框的QLabel让气泡工作。但是现在我有QLabel's中的单词，PyQt并不认为它们是单词 - 而是作为小部件。因此PyQt将一个小部件放在另一个小部件之下。我希望小部件并排排列直到它们到达行的末尾，然后它们应该环绕到下一行 - 这意味着QLabel's应该像文本文档中的单词一样。 / p>

到目前为止，这是我的代码：

f = open(r'myFile.txt')

class Bubble(QtGui.QLabel):
    def __init__(self, text):
        super(Bubble, self).__init__(text)
        self.word = text
        self.setContentsMargins(5, 5, 5, 5)

    def paintEvent(self, e):
        p = QtGui.QPainter(self)
        p.setRenderHint(QtGui.QPainter.Antialiasing,True)
        p.drawRoundedRect(0,0,self.width()-1,self.height()-1,5,5)
        super(Bubble, self).paintEvent(e)


class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, text, parent=None):
        QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.MainArea = QtGui.QScrollArea
        self.widget = QtGui.QWidget()
        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        self.words = []
        for t in re.findall(r'\b\w+\b', text):
            label = Bubble(t)
            label.setFont(QtGui.QFont('SblHebrew', 18))
            label.setFixedWidth(label.sizeHint().width())
            self.words.append(label)
            vbox.addWidget(label)
        self.widget.setLayout(vbox)
        self.MainArea.setWidget(self.widget)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWindow = MainWindow(f.read(), None)
    myWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

当我跑步时，我得到：

但是我希望单词（Qlabel's包含单词）彼此相邻，而不是彼此相邻，就像这样（photoshopped）：

我一直在做很多研究，但没有答案可以帮助我将小部件彼此对齐。

Answer 1

我认为可以在QTextBrowser小部件中使用html，但Qt的rich-text engine不支持气泡标签所需的border-radius CSS属性

所以看起来你需要一个Flow Layout example的PyQt端口。这可以在容器内“自动换行”一组小部件，还可以调整边距和水平/垂直间距。

这是一个实现FlowLayout类的演示脚本，并展示了如何在示例中使用它：

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

class FlowLayout(QtGui.QLayout):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, margin=-1, hspacing=-1, vspacing=-1):
        super(FlowLayout, self).__init__(parent)
        self._hspacing = hspacing
        self._vspacing = vspacing
        self._items = []
        self.setContentsMargins(margin, margin, margin, margin)

    def __del__(self):
        del self._items[:]

    def addItem(self, item):
        self._items.append(item)

    def horizontalSpacing(self):
        if self._hspacing >= 0:
            return self._hspacing
        else:
            return self.smartSpacing(
                QtGui.QStyle.PM_LayoutHorizontalSpacing)

    def verticalSpacing(self):
        if self._vspacing >= 0:
            return self._vspacing
        else:
            return self.smartSpacing(
                QtGui.QStyle.PM_LayoutVerticalSpacing)

    def count(self):
        return len(self._items)

    def itemAt(self, index):
        if 0 <= index < len(self._items):
            return self._items[index]

    def takeAt(self, index):
        if 0 <= index < len(self._items):
            return self._items.pop(index)

    def expandingDirections(self):
        return QtCore.Qt.Orientations(0)

    def hasHeightForWidth(self):
        return True

    def heightForWidth(self, width):
        return self.doLayout(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, width, 0), True)

    def setGeometry(self, rect):
        super(FlowLayout, self).setGeometry(rect)
        self.doLayout(rect, False)

    def sizeHint(self):
        return self.minimumSize()

    def minimumSize(self):
        size = QtCore.QSize()
        for item in self._items:
            size = size.expandedTo(item.minimumSize())
        left, top, right, bottom = self.getContentsMargins()
        size += QtCore.QSize(left + right, top + bottom)
        return size

    def doLayout(self, rect, testonly):
        left, top, right, bottom = self.getContentsMargins()
        effective = rect.adjusted(+left, +top, -right, -bottom)
        x = effective.x()
        y = effective.y()
        lineheight = 0
        for item in self._items:
            widget = item.widget()
            hspace = self.horizontalSpacing()
            if hspace == -1:
                hspace = widget.style().layoutSpacing(
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton,
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton, QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
            vspace = self.verticalSpacing()
            if vspace == -1:
                vspace = widget.style().layoutSpacing(
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton,
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton, QtCore.Qt.Vertical)
            nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + hspace
            if nextX - hspace > effective.right() and lineheight > 0:
                x = effective.x()
                y = y + lineheight + vspace
                nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + hspace
                lineheight = 0
            if not testonly:
                item.setGeometry(
                    QtCore.QRect(QtCore.QPoint(x, y), item.sizeHint()))
            x = nextX
            lineheight = max(lineheight, item.sizeHint().height())
        return y + lineheight - rect.y() + bottom

    def smartSpacing(self, pm):
        parent = self.parent()
        if parent is None:
            return -1
        elif parent.isWidgetType():
            return parent.style().pixelMetric(pm, None, parent)
        else:
            return parent.spacing()

class Bubble(QtGui.QLabel):
    def __init__(self, text):
        super(Bubble, self).__init__(text)
        self.word = text
        self.setContentsMargins(5, 5, 5, 5)

    def paintEvent(self, event):
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
        painter.setRenderHint(QtGui.QPainter.Antialiasing, True)
        painter.drawRoundedRect(
            0, 0, self.width() - 1, self.height() - 1, 5, 5)
        super(Bubble, self).paintEvent(event)

class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, text, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.mainArea = QtGui.QScrollArea(self)
        self.mainArea.setWidgetResizable(True)
        widget = QtGui.QWidget(self.mainArea)
        widget.setMinimumWidth(50)
        layout = FlowLayout(widget)
        self.words = []
        for word in text.split():
            label = Bubble(word)
            label.setFont(QtGui.QFont('SblHebrew', 18))
            label.setFixedWidth(label.sizeHint().width())
            self.words.append(label)
            layout.addWidget(label)
        self.mainArea.setWidget(widget)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.mainArea)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MainWindow('Harry Potter is a series of fantasy literature')
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Answer 2

这是Flow Layout演示脚本的PyQt5版本：

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class FlowLayout(QtWidgets.QLayout):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, margin=-1, hspacing=-1, vspacing=-1):
        super(FlowLayout, self).__init__(parent)
        self._hspacing = hspacing
        self._vspacing = vspacing
        self._items = []
        self.setContentsMargins(margin, margin, margin, margin)

    def __del__(self):
        del self._items[:]

    def addItem(self, item):
        self._items.append(item)

    def horizontalSpacing(self):
        if self._hspacing >= 0:
            return self._hspacing
        else:
            return self.smartSpacing(
                QtWidgets.QStyle.PM_LayoutHorizontalSpacing)

    def verticalSpacing(self):
        if self._vspacing >= 0:
            return self._vspacing
        else:
            return self.smartSpacing(
                QtWidgets.QStyle.PM_LayoutVerticalSpacing)

    def count(self):
        return len(self._items)

    def itemAt(self, index):
        if 0 <= index < len(self._items):
            return self._items[index]

    def takeAt(self, index):
        if 0 <= index < len(self._items):
            return self._items.pop(index)

    def expandingDirections(self):
        return QtCore.Qt.Orientations(0)

    def hasHeightForWidth(self):
        return True

    def heightForWidth(self, width):
        return self.doLayout(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, width, 0), True)

    def setGeometry(self, rect):
        super(FlowLayout, self).setGeometry(rect)
        self.doLayout(rect, False)

    def sizeHint(self):
        return self.minimumSize()

    def minimumSize(self):
        size = QtCore.QSize()
        for item in self._items:
            size = size.expandedTo(item.minimumSize())
        left, top, right, bottom = self.getContentsMargins()
        size += QtCore.QSize(left + right, top + bottom)
        return size

    def doLayout(self, rect, testonly):
        left, top, right, bottom = self.getContentsMargins()
        effective = rect.adjusted(+left, +top, -right, -bottom)
        x = effective.x()
        y = effective.y()
        lineheight = 0
        for item in self._items:
            widget = item.widget()
            hspace = self.horizontalSpacing()
            if hspace == -1:
                hspace = widget.style().layoutSpacing(
                    QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.PushButton,
                    QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.PushButton, QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
            vspace = self.verticalSpacing()
            if vspace == -1:
                vspace = widget.style().layoutSpacing(
                    QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.PushButton,
                    QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.PushButton, QtCore.Qt.Vertical)
            nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + hspace
            if nextX - hspace > effective.right() and lineheight > 0:
                x = effective.x()
                y = y + lineheight + vspace
                nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + hspace
                lineheight = 0
            if not testonly:
                item.setGeometry(
                    QtCore.QRect(QtCore.QPoint(x, y), item.sizeHint()))
            x = nextX
            lineheight = max(lineheight, item.sizeHint().height())
        return y + lineheight - rect.y() + bottom

    def smartSpacing(self, pm):
        parent = self.parent()
        if parent is None:
            return -1
        elif parent.isWidgetType():
            return parent.style().pixelMetric(pm, None, parent)
        else:
            return parent.spacing()

class Bubble(QtWidgets.QLabel):
    def __init__(self, text):
        super(Bubble, self).__init__(text)
        self.word = text
        self.setContentsMargins(5, 5, 5, 5)

    def paintEvent(self, event):
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
        painter.setRenderHint(QtGui.QPainter.Antialiasing, True)
        painter.drawRoundedRect(
            0, 0, self.width() - 1, self.height() - 1, 5, 5)
        super(Bubble, self).paintEvent(event)

class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, text, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.mainArea = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(self)
        self.mainArea.setWidgetResizable(True)
        widget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.mainArea)
        widget.setMinimumWidth(50)
        layout = FlowLayout(widget)
        self.words = []
        for word in text.split():
            label = Bubble(word)
            label.setFont(QtGui.QFont('SblHebrew', 18))
            label.setFixedWidth(label.sizeHint().width())
            self.words.append(label)
            layout.addWidget(label)
        self.mainArea.setWidget(widget)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.mainArea)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MainWindow('Harry Potter is a series of fantasy literature')
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())