Question

我有几千行文字如下：

ksjd 234first special 34-37xy kjsbn
sde 89second special 22-23xh ewio
647red special 55fg dsk
uuire another special 98
another special 107r
green special 55-59 ewk
blue special 31-39jkl

我需要先提取一个单词＆＃34; special＆＃34;和右边的数字（或数字范围）。换句话说，我想：

转换成表格：

Answer 1

快速执行此操作的方法是使用正则表达式：

In [1]: import re

In [2]: text = '''234first special 34-37xy                          
   ...: 89second special 22-23xh
   ...: 647red special 55fg
   ...: another special 98
   ...: another special 107r
   ...: green special 55-59
   ...: blue special 31-39jkl'''

In [3]: [re.findall('\d*\s*(\S+)\s+(special)\s+(\d+(?:-\d+)?)', line)[0] for line in text.splitlines()]
Out[3]: 
[('first', 'special', '34-37'),
 ('second', 'special', '22-23'),
 ('red', 'special', '55'),
 ('another', 'special', '98'),
 ('another', 'special', '107'),
 ('green', 'special', '55-59'),
 ('blue', 'special', '31-39')]

Answer 2

在Excel中，您可以使用公式在两个单词之间提取文本，方法如下：

选择一个空白单元格并输入此公式= MID（A1，SEARCH（“KTE”，A1）+ 3，SEARCH（“feature”，A1）-SEARCH（“KTE”，A1）-4）进入它，然后按Enter按钮。
拖动填充手柄以填充要应用此公式的范围。现在只提取“KTE”和“feature”之间的文本字符串。

注意：

在此公式中，A1是您要从中提取文本的单元格。
KTE和功能是您要在其间提取文字的字词。
数字3是KTE的字符长度，数字4等于KTE的字符长度加1。

Answer 3

另外@RolandSmith写道，这是一种在Excel中使用正则表达式的方法 - VBA

Option Explicit
Function ExtractSpecial(S As String, Index As Long) As String
    Dim RE As Object, MC As Object
    Const sPat As String = "([a-z]+)\s+(special)\s+([^a-z]+)"

Set RE = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
With RE
    .Global = True
    .ignorecase = True
    .MultiLine = False
    .Pattern = sPat
    If .test(S) = True Then
        Set MC = .Execute(S)
        ExtractSpecial = MC(0).submatches(Index - 1)
    End If
End With

End Function

此UDF中的Index参数对应于从匹配集合返回第1，第2或第3个子匹配，因此您可以轻松地将原始字符串拆分为三个所需的组件。

既然你写了你已经有数千行＆＃34;，你可能更喜欢运行一个宏。宏将更快地处理数据，但不是动态的。下面的宏假设您的原始数据位于Sheet2上的A列中，并将结果放在同一工作表上的C：E列中。您可以轻松更改这些参数：

Sub ExtractSpec()
    Dim RE As Object, MC As Object
    Dim wsSrc As Worksheet, wsRes As Worksheet, rRes As Range
    Dim vSrc As Variant, vRes As Variant
    Dim I As Long

Set wsSrc = Worksheets("sheet2")
Set wsRes = Worksheets("sheet2")
    Set rRes = wsRes.Cells(1, 3)

With wsSrc
    vSrc = .Range(.Cells(1, 1), .Cells(.Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp))
End With

Set RE = CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
With RE
    .Global = True
    .MultiLine = False
    .ignorecase = True
    .Pattern = "([a-z]+)\s+(special)\s+([^a-z]+)"

ReDim vRes(1 To UBound(vSrc), 1 To 3)
For I = 1 To UBound(vSrc)
    If .test(vSrc(I, 1)) = True Then
        Set MC = .Execute(vSrc(I, 1))
        vRes(I, 1) = MC(0).submatches(0)
        vRes(I, 2) = MC(0).submatches(1)
        vRes(I, 3) = MC(0).submatches(2)
    End If
Next I
End With

Set rRes = rRes.Resize(UBound(vRes, 1), UBound(vRes, 2))
With rRes
    .EntireColumn.Clear
    .Value = vRes
    .EntireColumn.AutoFit
End With

End Sub

如何在excel或python中提取单词周围的文本？

3 个答案: