Question

我写了一个spring mvc web应用程序。应用程序运行正常。我正在尝试使用spring Test套件编写DAO测试。我使用的是与web-app相同的配置文件servlet-context.xml。当我运行测试时，我得到没有类型错误的合格bean

我查看了stackoverflow，但它“显示”我的配置是正确的。请建议： - 找到下面的代码： -

 package net.codejava.spring.dao;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import junit.framework.Assert;
import net.codejava.spring.model.User;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:*/servlet-context.xml")
public class UserDAOImplTests {

    @Autowired
    public UserDAO userDao;//=new UserDAOImpl();

    @Test
    public void test() {
        User user=new User();
        user.setAddedBy(1);
        user.setCreated(new Date());
        user.setEmail("imtoshi01@gmail.com");
        user.setFirstName("Toshi");
        user.setId(98);
        user.setIsSoftDeleted('N');
        user.setLastName("Singhal");
        user.setLicenseId(1);
        user.setMobile("9030137901");
        user.setPassword("password");
        user.setUpdated(new Date());
        userDao.addUser(user);
        List<User> users= userDao.findAllUsers();
        String actual=users.get(0).getFirstName();
        Assert.assertEquals("Toshi", actual);
    }

}

我的servlet-context.xml已初始化bean。 Servlet的context.xml中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing 
        infrastructure -->

    <!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving 
        up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

    <!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources 
        in the /WEB-INF/views directory -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <context:component-scan base-package="net.codejava.spring" />
    <context:component-scan base-package="net.codejava.spring.dao" />

    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver" />
        <property name="url"
            value="jdbc:sqlserver://url;" />
        <property name="username" value="admin_hs" />
        <property name="password" value="" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <!-- <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2012Dialect</prop> 
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 
            </props> </property> -->
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven />

    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    <context:annotation-config />
    <bean id="userDao" class="net.codejava.spring.dao.UserDAOImpl">
    </bean>

</beans>

错误日志： -

引起： org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException：没有找到[net.codejava.spring.dao.UserDAOImpl]类型的限定bean 对于依赖：预计至少有1个bean有资格作为autowire 这种依赖的候选人。依赖注释： {@ org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired（所需=真）}

Answer 1

尝试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:servlet-context.xml")
public class UserDAOImplTests { ....

Answer 2

要为测试用例创建上下文，请仅加载所需的bean。例如。你不需要像InternalResourceViewResolver这样的组件，用于单元测试的资源映射。

要实现这一点，不要完全为您的测试用例加载servlet-context.xml，而是将servlet-context.xml分成两到三个较小的部分。

只有那些测试用例所需的xml文件。（作为额外的工作，您需要更改加载xml文件以进行开发测试的方式，但这是值得的。）

春天mvc应用程序的DAO测试时，“没有类型的限定bean”

2 个答案: